IV fluids chart - Practice questions PDF

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Summary

Practice questions...

Description

Type Isotonic

Isotonic

Isotonic

Solution Dextrose 5% in water (D5W)

0.9% sodium chloride (Normal Saline) (NaCl)

Lactated Ringer’s (LR)

• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Hypotonic

0.45% sodium chloride (1/2 normal saline)

• • •

Hypertonic

Dextrose 5% in ½ normal saline

•

Hypertonic

Dextrose 5% in normal saline

Hypertonic

Dextrose 10% in water

•

• • •

Intravenous Fluid Comparison Uses Special Considerations • Use cautiously in renal and cardiac patients Fluid loss • Can cause fluid overload Dehydration Hypernatremia • Can lead to overload Shock • Use with caution in patients with heart failure or Hyponatremia edema Blood transfusions Resuscitation Fluid challenges DKA • Contains potassium, don’t use with renal failure Dehydration patients Burns • Don’t use with liver disease, can’t metabolize lactate Lower GI fluid loss Acute blood loss Hypovolemia due to third spacing • Use with caution Water replacement • May cause cardiovascular collapse or increased DKA intracranial pressure Gastric fluid loss • Don’t use with liver disease, trauma, or burns from NG or vomiting Later in DKA • Use only when blood sugar falls below 250 mg/dL treatment Temporary treatment • Don’t use n cardiac or renal patients for shock if plasma expanders aren’t available Addison’s crisis • Monitor blood sugar levels Water replacement Conditions where some nutrition with glucose is required...