KINE1000 lecture note PDF

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KINE 1000 New Vision: • Dr. Patricia hill Collins suggests we need social change, there are alternative ways of looking at ourselves and society." • In order to have social change we need to re conceptualize power relations." • She argues that we have a stereotype if each other thus our understanding of each other has been clouded by a narrow definition." Two theoretical ideas: 1. Antonio Gramsci (1860-1937) " • Wrote about power as ideological idea that make people believe that their interest are the same than those with power (hegemony). He explained it as a common sensical leadership in which those without power would not question those with power or at least would not overthrow them from power." 2. Michel Foucault" • He explained that power is never total. That even those two diseases of totalitarian power (Hitler and Stalin) could not occupy and control all sectors in society. There were pockets of resistance in societies that operated during those regimes." • Foucault advanced the idea that power is everywhere." Additive analysis of oppression and how it operates? • It is a way of thinking that misleads our understanding of oppression by adding race, gender, etc into analysis. What is missed is the idea that we are oppressed and oppressors at the same time. " • The additive analysis of oppression is based upon two assumptions:" 1. Dichotomous thinking (either or)." 2. Ranking of this dichotomous thinking (one group is always dominant other is always subordinate)." Dimensions of oppression: 1. Institutional dimension of oppression- claim to have equal opportunities yet some are still more benefited than others." 2. The symbolic- feminine vs masculine, race (stereotyping). " 3. The individual- “normalcy” is from our personal experiences and interactions." Power: • Power circulates and shifts, however, we are aware that some have more than others." • Easy to identify when WE are victimized, trying to compete with who is MORE victimized and in need." Consider the impact of social context: who, what, where, when, why, how." Social Construction: phenomena or practice, to give form or meaning as society have given meaning to. It can change over time and place." • How does this occur and how do we lean it?" - social interactions" - institutions" - culture"

Paradigm: " • A model or framework." • A set of beliefs that guides actions." • The lens through which we look and think about the world." Paradigm Shift: • Replace one another and change peoples way of thinking about the world. " Social Constructivism (Paradigm in KINE 1000): • We give meaning to our experiences, to the thing and object in our social worlds." • We construct our realities and our social worlds." • Occurs in relation to social, economic, and political processes." Sociological Imagination: • “ Our recognition of interdependent relationship between who we are as individuals and social forces that shape our lives” (Witt, 2014, p3)." • “ Our options are by shaped but he portions we occupy” (Witt 2014 p23) - Positions that are shaped by social, economic, and political forces. " - The realization that a private trouble is, in fact, a public issue" Sociological Imagination and the body: • The body is a site where the sociological imagination is activated." • Realizing the connection between who we are and broader social forces." Structure vs Agency: • Agency: the freedom and the will to choose, and to act." - Agent: an individual with the freedom to choose and to act." • Structure (aka society):" - The social factors that constrain our freedom to choose and to act, that limit our choices in the first place." Why I can’t/ don’t exercise: Structure-" • Don’t have time (job)" • Other priorities" • Work schedules not conductive" • Disability, preexisting health issues" • Stress" • Financial barriers " Agency" • Because they are old" • They forget" • Procrastinate " • Not a priority" • Lack of confidence"

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