Lab Report Reaction Rate Lab PDF

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Summary

This lab you test the reaction rate of multiple solids in liquids. This contains the Analysis and conclusion as well as the answers to the lab, hypothesis, and question....

Description

Lab Report: Reaction Rate Lab In this lab we explored the rate of a chemical reaction at different temperatures and with different reactant particle sizes. During this experiment we actively tried to answer the question; What are the effects of temperature and a reactant’s particle size on reaction rate? We also had two hypotheses before beginning we believed that if you increase the temperature of a reaction, then the reaction rate will increase as well because particles experience more collisions at higher temperatures. We also thought that if you decrease the particle size of a reactant, then the reaction rate will increase because more of the reactants’ surface area is exposed allowing more particles to make contact with each other. We also had many different variables go into this equation; the independent variables of this lab were particle size and temperature. The dependant variable was reaction rate. The material used in this experiment include▪ 250 mL graduated cylinder

▪ Four 250 mL beakers

▪ Thermometer

▪ Seven 1,000 mg effervescent tablets

▪ Water

▪ Two pieces of filter paper

▪ Timer

▪ 600 mL beaker

▪ Ice

▪ Hot plate

For Table A, the steps used to complete this experiment were repetitive and for the most part we only changed a few things. We kept the same amount of water and the same 1,000 mg tablet for each part of the experiment. All we changed for Table A was the temperature of the water. This allowed us to prove our first hypothesis because as the temperature increased so did the reaction rate. You can see this is clearly proven by looking at the data in Table A provided

below. Table A: Variation of Temperature Measured Reaction Temperature (°C)

Mass of Tablet (mg)

Volume of Water (L)

Reaction Time (s)

Reaction Rate* (Mg/L/S)

≈ 20°C

24°C

1,000mg

0.2L

34.2 s

146mg/L/sec

≈ 40°C

40°C

1,000mg

0.2L

26.3 s

190mg/L/sec

≈ 65°C

65°C

1,000mg

0.2L

14.2 s

352mg/L/sec

≈ 5°C

3°C

1,000mg

0.2L

138.5 s

36mg/L/sec

In the second part of the experiment we once again used repetitive steps, but this time instead of increasing the temperature we used different forms of the tablet. These forms included a full tablet, a tablet broken into eight pieces, and a crushed tablet. This proved our second hypothesis that if you decrease the particle size of a reactant, then the reaction rate will increase because more of the reactants’ surface area is exposed allowing more particles to make contact with each other. The data collected in Table B shows that when we used different forms of the same tablet but used water at the same temperature. In this table you can see that as we exposed more of the particles to the water the faster the tablet dissolved.

Table B: Variation of Particle Size (All at Room Temperature) Relative Mass of Particle Size Tablet (mg) (Small, Medium, Large)

Volume of Water (L)

Reaction Time (s)

Reaction Rate* (mg/L/sec)

Full Tablet

Large

1,000mg

0.2L

34.5 s

145mg/L/sec

Broken Tablet

Medium

1,000mg

0.2L

28.9 s

173mg/L/sec

Crushed Tablet

Small

1,000mg

0.2L

23.1 s

216 mg/L/sec

In Table A of this experiment there is an apparent pattern that increasing the temperature caused a quicker reaction time. If you compare data from row 1 and 2 from the first table you can see the pattern. It took 34 seconds for the tablet to dissolve in 20°C but only 26 seconds in 40°C water. In Table B of this experiment you can see a pattern occurring, as the amount of the tablet exposed increases, the amount of time needed to completely dissolve the tablet decreases. In conclusion both of the hypotheses presented at the beginning of the experiment were supported by the data collected. If the temperature of the water increased the amount of time to completely dissolve the tablet decreased. The second hypothesis is supported because if the tablet was full it took longer to dissolve than it did if the tablet was crushed or in pieces....