Lecture 5 PDF

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Lecture 5 Notes for Cindy Hazan's Human Bonding course....

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Lecture 5: 

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Strange situation paradigm o Introduced baby in situation with mother and stranger, cycled through baby pairings between mother and stranger o Baby-mother reunions were investigated after separation Major discovery o Secure pattern (B): the majority of babies, but not all, seek contact and is fully soothed when caregiver returns (67%)  In all normative samples, 2/3 of babies show this predictable pattern o Ambivalent pattern (C): hen caregiver returns baby seeks contact but is not fully soothed, actively resists comfort (12%) o Avoidant pattern (A): hen caregiver returns baby actively avoids contact (21%) o In regions where parents place high importance on independence, avoidant pattern is a little higher. Secure pattern is nearly constant across cultures Ainsworth’s Baltimore Study o Method: every other week for the first three months, researchers observed and noted mother-infant interactions o Finding: one reliable predictor of infant’s strange situation attachment style  Caregiver responsiveness o Caregiver responsiveness is characterized by three traits  Notice  Interpret  Crying is a graded symbol  Baby’s cry differently for different inputs  Respond (promptly) Attachment styles and caregiving antecedents o Pattern B babies: caregivers were consistently responsive o Pattern C babies: caregivers were inconsistently responsive o Pattern A babies: caregivers were consistently unresponsive Overview of attachment patterns o Organized patterns break down into secure and insecure, insecure breaks down into ambivalent and avoidant o Disorganized (D) pattern: start to approach, and then pull back. Not sure if they want contact or want to avoid contact Caregiver responsiveness or child temperament o Neonatal differences is stress reactivity o Different styles (reactive patterns) with different caregivers  This suggests that this variation isn’t due to inborn temperament, rather how they have been treated by different people

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o Responsiveness training changes styles o Neonatal temperament does not predict styles o Ainsworth: there is no good reason not to be responsive to your baby Lasting effects of early bonding experiences o Experiences confer expectations confer behaviors confer experiences etc… o Result: you have the same experiences again and again o The ANS & HPA (brain body systems which regulate anxiety and arousal) is affected by the above loop...