Map Quiz Study Guide - Summary of all the information needed for the map quiz PDF

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Summary

Summary of all the information needed for the map quiz...

Description

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West Africa - Ancestral homeland of most black Africans - Center of trade in humans Sahara - Most of the northern ⅓ of the continent Sahel - South of sahara H. habilis : Africa → SE Europe Earliest civilizations in African (and world) history: - Ancient Egypt - Mesopotamia - Emerged in valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, SW Asia

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Nubia - South of Egypt - Made independent kingdom, Kush, when Egypt fell - Kerma = capital of Kush, then capital moved to Meroë

Ghana

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- First known kingdom of western Sudan Mali - Another empire similar to Ghana but larger and richer - Commerce, bureaucracy and scholarship held empire together - Declined after death of Mansa Musa Timbuktu - Most important city - hub for trade in gold, slaves, and salt, and a center for Islamic learning - Peaked under Mansa Musa

Mecca - Where Mansa Musa made a Hajj to in order to amaze the Islamic world

Songhai - Last and largest of the western Sudanese empires - Leader - Sunni Ali - Reached peak influence under Ashia Daud

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Benin Kongo -

Common heritage with Yoruba Obas = kings Peaked in late 1500s for size and sophistication of Benin City Not very influenced by Islam or Christianity Prosperity depended on the slave trade Controlled Congo river system Money came from farming, fishing, and access to salt and iron King, Nzinga nkuwu, surpassed other African rulers by welcoming intruders like the Portuguese

Gold coast

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Azambuja - Dom Diogo de Azambuja went to the Gold Coast from Portugal to establish a trading port

Elmina Castle - In Edina, Ghana - “The mine” - Used for gold extraction, then for slaves

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Benin City

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Asante Kingdom

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First europeans to arrive in Africa were the Portuguese at Africa’s western coast, in the early 1400s Gold coast Where most of the first slaves were imported to in the early years of the trade: Brazil and west Indies

Where tobacco was grown: mostly Virginia and Maryland, some DE and NC Where rice was grown: South Carolina and Georgia - Africans arrived at Charlestown - North America’s leading point of entry for Africans during the 18th century Contact zones and slave-trading regions: - Senegambia = modern-day Senegal - Rice coast - West of modern-day Sierra Leone

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Windward coast - below modern-day Liberia Gold Coast - Ivory coast Old Calabar Bight of Benin/ “Slave coast” - below modern day Ghana/Togo Bight of Biafra - in the “curve” by Benin/Cameroon West-central Africa - around modern-day Angola

3 Christian kingdoms in Iberia: - Portugal - Castille - Aragon

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Canary islands - Discovered by the Spanish - Established sugar plantations - Inhabitants were “guanche”

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Grenada - The last Islamic stronghold, destroyed by Aragon and Castille

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Only places where slave population reproduced to a second generation: - Barbados (brought in more women than men)

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- The United States Kejetia Market, Kumase - In Ghana

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Where slavery was least oppressive: New England Saint Augustine, FL - spanish colony

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New Orleans, LA - french colony Fort Navidad

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Hispaniola Jamestown, VA

Guanche - Slave inhabitants of the Canary islands - Dominated by the Spaniards - Worked in sugar production Tupi - Slave inhabitants of Brazil - Dominated by the Portuguese - Cultivated Brazilwood Taino - Slave inhabitants of the Caribbean (Hispaniola) - Controlled by Christopher Columbus and the Spanish - Had to cultivate wheat and find gold under the Encomienda system...