Maugustusfoodweb - Food web lab PDF

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Food Web Game and Ecological Sampling Lab Worksheet Directions: Fill in Table 1 according to the directions found in the lab manual and information collected in class. Table 1

Energy Table of the Food Web Game

Panther

Organisms

Total Energy Points Start

Total Energy Round 1

Total Energy Round 2

Total Energy Round 3

Total Energy Round 4

52

56

60

52 Total loss: 8

32

27

31

33 Total gain: 3

65

63

58

70 Total loss: 2

108

110

112

97 Total loss: 15

104

94

84

78 Total loss: 22

358

361

350

330

126

126

126

126

235

224

219

204

Opossum

44

30

Snake

24 3 of them (24 x 3 = 72)

Mouse

16 7 of them (16 x 7 = 112)

Daisy

10 10 of them (10 x 10 = 100) ∑ Energy

Minus Energy lost to heat

Maximum 395

(Three points for each daisy, eight points each for other organisms.)

∑ Final Energy Totals

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Food Web Game and Ecological Sampling Lab Worksheet Food Web Game Questions

Directions: Thoroughly answer the questions below in complete sentences. Any use of outside resources should have in-text citations and be listed at the end of the assignment in GCU style, and original wording is expected for all answers. Failure to follow these directions can be considered plagiarism or cheating that can result in point deductions and referral for Code of Conduct violations. 1. Which organisms had an overall increase in energy points? The Opossum has the largest overall increase in points with a total gain of 3 points, whereas other animals had a total loss.

2. Which organisms had the most decrease in total energy points? The daisy had the most decrease in energy at a loss of 22 points, this is partially because it only get energy through photosynthesis. 3. Why are there more daisies than mice and more mice than snakes? There are more daisies than mice because of resources and reproduction efforts. Daises disperse tons of seeds, also within one flower are hundreds of tiny leaves that hold the seeds. Mice on the other hand produce a litter and are more vulnerable to not surviving due to being eaten but can produce multiple litters within a year. Snakes on the other hand reproduce once a year. 4. Is this a realistic exercise in how a food chain operates? Why or why not? This is not a realistic exercise even though it was supposed to simulate how food chains work in the ecosystem and what it would be like in nature. 5. To make this game more realistic, what changes would need to be made? A larger population would be ideal and the placement of where the animals are, and their resources could differ to obtain a realistic setting. 6. How could decomposers be added to the game? Decomposers could be added for every negative point gained but there would be a balance in the number of decomposers versus loss of energy points for the trophs. 7. What would be an appropriate hypothesis for this portion of the experiment? If The length of a food chain is limited, then there will also be a decrease of energy stored because 10% of energy stored at each trophic level is then converted to organic matter from consumption in the next trophic level (Bledsoe, 2016).

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Food Web Game and Ecological Sampling Lab Worksheet Counting Snails: Ecological Sampling Technique Directions: Collect the data according to the procedures given, and complete Table 2 below. Then answer the remaining questions. Use the Lincoln-Peterson Index to calculate population size estimates (see Equation 1), where: • N = population size estimate • M = marked individuals released (from first capture with red nail polish or second capture with white nail polish ) • S = total size of the recaptured sample • R = marked individuals recaptured for recaptured sample Equation 1 M•S N =# R Table 2

Counting Snails: Ecological Sampling Technique 1st Recaptured Sample

2nd Recaptured Sample

Total Number Marked (M)

108

112

Number Recaptured with Mark (R)

19

28

Total of Recapture Sample (S)

86

116

489

464

Population Estimage (N)

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Name:

Food Web Game and Ecological Sampling Lab Worksheet Counting Snails: Ecological Sampling Technique Questions Directions: Thoroughly answer the questions below in complete sentences. Any use of outside resources should have in-text citations and be listed at the end of the assignment in GCU style, and original wording is expected for all answers. Failure to follow these directions can be considered plagiarism or cheating that can result in point deductions and referral for Code of Conduct violations. 1. This experiment started with 50 snails. What was the calculated estimate of population size (N) for each of the samplings? How close were the calculations? Was the average of the two samplings close to the actual starting population size? The first capture calculated estimate of population size (N) was 489 while the second capture calculated estimate of population size (N) was 464. The difference between the two samplings is 25 snails. The average of the two samplings was not close to the actual starting population size of 50 snails, there is a fairly big gap between. 2. Speculate why there was a difference between the estimated and actual values for the number of snails. Estimated values rely on observation in a specific area in a given time, while actual values take into account factors such as birth and death and usually gives more time to study by using techniques like mark-recapture.

3. Why is it important to do more than one sample for estimating the size of a population? It is important to do more than one sample for estimating the size of population because one sample will not give enough data or be seen a reliable. Therefore, taking multiple samples will give a more reliable and consistent amount of data.

4. What would be an appropriate hypothesis for this portion of the experiment?

If an experiment is started out with a small population size, then the calculated estimate of population size (N) will increase, because of the resources and factors that come into play.

References: Bledsoe, S. (2016). Laboratory manual for General Biology II. Retrieved 9 January 2020 from http://lc.gcumedia.com/bio182l/laboratory-manual-for-general-biology-ii/v1.1/#/chapter/6

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Food Web Game and Ecological Sampling Lab Worksheet

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