Middle Ages Notes 2 PDF

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Middle Age Notes and Study Guide...

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Middle Ages Notes #2 Battle of Hastings - is after the battle at Stamford Bridge Harold Godwin vs. William the Conquerer, William wins and Harold is shot in the eye with an arrow Henry II - Had a conflict with the church because the church officials could not be tried in a royal court, so they were getting away with murder, also he created the grand jury Thomas Becket - was made archbishop after being bishop for only 2 days, didn't follow orders so he was murdered John I (problems) - caused problems for himself, he had an affair with the soon-to-be princess of France, he also had war and money problems, so people hated him and forced him to sign the Magna Carta William the Conqueror - -Had to legitimize his place on the throne -Had the right to coin money -had to oversee the judiciary administration of justice -created the Domes Day book (as a record of his accomplishments) -Replaced the Anglo-Saxons with Normans Richard I (as king) - ruled england for 10 years, but only spent 6 months in England Edward the Confessor - Nominated Harold Godwin as his heir, 2 other people claimed the throne once he died, this Lead to the Norman Conquest Alfred the Great - wanted to spread education so he founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles Harold Hadrada is the - King of Norway William is the - Duke of Normandy The exchequer is created by - Henry I Exchequer - is a position similar to a Treasurer (all about money) Grand Jury - group that hears charges against a suspect and decides whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial, this brought about equalization under the law where commoners would have the same rights in court as the Nobles Usury - Lending money for interest, it was against canon law, so Jewish people took it up because they were not subject to canon law Roman empire fell in the mid - 400's

Clovis - Is a Frankish King who married a Christian women who convinced him to be baptized When clovis dies - the kingdom has no unity and it is weakened Pepin II - Father of Charles Martel, is the Mayor of the Palace Charles Martel - The Hammer Charles Martel (battles) - The battle of Tours (Moors/Muslims for Spain vs. Franks/Christians) _____________ wins the battle and passes his title onto Pepin the III Pepin III - Also called Pepin the Short, Crowned by devine right, which creates a relationship between him and the Pope. The Donation of Pepin - A group called the Lombards attack Rome - Pope calls Pepin - Pepin wins and he donates the land he conquers to the church The Papal States - The Land donated by Pepin Boccaccio - gave a first-hand account of the plague in Florence Pope Urban II - wanted to reunite the Christian world; he wanted to control all the Christians, so he gathered all the knights and Nobles --> the crusades began Frederick Barbarossa - One of the 3 Kings in the 3rd Crusade, he fell off of his horse while crossing a river and died Philip II Augustus - He was one of the 3 kings in the 3rd Crusade, he left the crusade and took over part of England Saladin - The Muslim Leader that fought Richard the Lion-Hearted in the Crusades Danes - When the Vikings went into England they were called the _____ Normans - When the vikings went into France the were called the ____ St. Patrick - Brought Christianity to Ireland St. Benedict - invented a book of rules written for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot Vikings - Came from Scandinavia...