MIS 2 mark - important questions and answer PDF

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UNIT-I INTRODUCTION 2 MARK QUESTIONS

1.

What is System? A system is a combination or arrangement of parts to form an integrated whole according to some common principles or rules. A system is a plan or method of doing something. A system is an assembly of elements arranged in a local order to achieve certain objectives. The organization is also a system of people where people are selected on the basis of number, quality and ability and are placed in hierarchical order plan and execute the business activities to achieve certain goals and objectives.

2. Explain information. Information is what is used in the act of informing or the state of being informed. Information includes knowledge acquired by some means. It is processed data which in turn is collection of raw facts, observations and figures. 3. What is meant by Management? Management is the process of allocating an organization's inputs, including human and economic resources, by planning, organizing, directing, and controlling for the purpose of producing goods or services desired by customers so that organizational objectives are accomplished. 4. Define MIS. Information system at the management level of an organization that serves the functions of planning, controlling, and decision making by providing routine summary and exception reports.

5.

What do you mean by Data? Data is a series of non-random symbols, numbers, values or words, a series of facts obtained by observation or research, a collection of non-random facts, the record of an event or fact. Examples of Data: Today’s date, Measurements taken on a production line, Records of business transactions.

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6.

Distinguish between Data and Information

S.N o 1

DATA

INFORMATION

Data is the raw facts

Information is the processed data

2

Data is input

Information is output

3

Data is unorganized

information is organized

4

Data can’t add anything to knowledge Data doesn’t contain an element of surprise

Information enhances the knowledge

5

Information contain an element of surprise

7. List out the different types of Information. a) Action vs. Non Action: b) Historical, Present, and Futuristic: c) Documentary V,s. Non Documentary: d) Formal Vs. Informal e) Short Term Vs, Long Term f) Internal Vs. External g) Recurring Vs. Non Recurring

8. Explain any two types of Information Formal Vs. Informal: Information generated through is known as formal information. For example, the financial reports, balance sheets, production plans etc. Similarly any information which not generated formally, like office gossip is informal information. Action vs. Non Action: Any information on receiving it if one has to take certain action is known as action information. For example, if one receives information that something is wrong in the production line then immediate action has to be taken to rectify the matter.

9. List out the Characteristics of Information a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j)

Timeliness Appropriateness Accuracy Conciseness Frequency Understandability Relevant Complete Current Economical [118]

10. What is Intelligence? Intelligence: Change from an information organizer to an intelligence analyst: What does the information mean? What are the implications? Are there any trends? If there are any gaping questions that are unanswered, ask if more data will help you make your decision. If yes, then get it; if not, then it is time to act. 11. Define IT. Information technology refers to all forms of technology applied to processing, storing, and transmitting information in electronic form. 12. What is Information System? An organized combination of People, Hardware, Software, Communication networks, and Data resources, that collects, transforms and disseminates information in an organization. 13. Explain the functions of information system. 1. It is a major functional area of a business as like accounting, finance, operations management, marketing, marketing, and HRM. 2. It is an important contributor to operational efficiency, employee productivity and morale, and customer service and satisfaction. 3. It is a major source of information and support needed to promote effective decision making by managers. 4. It is an important ingredient in developing competitive products and services that give an organization a strategic advantage in the global marketplace. 5. It is a major part of the resources of an enterprise and its cost of doing business, thus posing a major resource management challenge. 6. A vital, dynamic, and challenging career opportunity for millions of men and women 14. List out the different Activities of Information System a. Input of data resource b.Processing of data into information c. Output of information products d.Storage of data resource e. Control of system performance

15. What are all the components of Information System? i. People, ii. Hardware, iii. Software, iv. Data, and v. Networks 16. Clearly list out the Software and Hardware Components of Information System Hardware Resources: Computer systems, Computer peripherals, Software Resources: System Software, Application, Software, Procedures

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17. Explain the Evolution process of MIS from EDP. Until the 1960s, the role of most information systems was simple. They were mainly used for electronic data processing (EDP), purposes such as transactions processing, record-keeping and accounting. EDP is often defined as the use of computers in recording, classifying, manipulating, and summarizing data. It is also called transaction processing systems (TPS), automatic data processing, or information processing. Transaction processing systems – these process data resulting from business transactions, update operational databases, and produce business documents. Examples: sales and inventory processing and accounting systems. 18. Name out the Six Different Information Systems used in different level of management a) Executive Support Systems (ESS) b) c) d) e) f)

Management Information Systems (MIS) Decision Support Systems (DSS) Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) Office Automation Systems (OAS) Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

19. What is Executive Information System? Information system at the strategic level of an organization that addresses unstructured decision making through advanced graphics and communications.

20. Define KWS Information system that aids knowledge workers in the creation and integration of new knowledge in the organization

UNIT-II 2 MARK QUESTIONS 1. What is system development life cycle? The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information. system development project from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application. 2. What is feasibility study? Expanding on the Initial Idea, the Feasibility Study involves drawing up the terms of reference, which state the objectives and scope of the project, how long it should take and how the results should be presented.

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3. What are the different stages of system development life cycle?  Feasibility study  Analysis  Design  Implementation  Testing  Development  Maintenance 4. What is system software lifecycle model? Software life cycle models describe phases of the software cycle and the order in which those phases are executed. 5. Explain waterfall model. This is the most common and classic of life cycle models, also referred to as a linearsequential life cycle model. In a waterfall model, each phase must be completed in its entirety before the next phase can begin.

6. Depict waterfall diagram.

7. Explain v shaped model? The V-Shaped life cycle is a sequential path of execution of processes. Each phase must be completed before the next phase begins. 8. Write any two merits and demerits of waterfall model Merits 

Simple and easy to use.



Easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model – each phase has specific deliverables and a review process.

Demerits [121]



Adjusting scope during the life cycle can kill a project



No working software is produced until late during the life cycle.

9. Explain incremental model. The incremental model is an intuitive approach to the waterfall model. Multiple development cycles take place here, making the life cycle a “multi-waterfall” cycle. Cycles are divided up into smaller, more easily managed iterations.

10. What are the merits and demerits of incremental model? Merits 

Generates working software quickly and early during the software life cycle.



More flexible – less costly to change scope and requirements.



Easier to test and debug during a smaller iteration.

Demerits 

Each phase of an iteration is rigid and do not overlap each other.



Problems may arise pertaining to system architecture because not all requirements are gathered up front for the entire software life cycle.

11. Explain spiral model. The spiral model is similar to the incremental model, with more emphases placed on risk analysis. The spiral model has four phases: Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering and Evaluation.

12. What are the four phases of spiral model?  Planning,  Risk Analysis,  Engineering and  Evaluation. [122]

13. What are the three activities of system design?  user interface,  data, and  process design.

14. What is data and data flow diagram? o Data flow is data flowing between processes, data stores and external entities. It is data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another. o Data flow diagram is a method to illustrate how data flows in a system. DFD are versatile diagramming tools. Only 4 symbols are used to represent both physical and logical information system

15. What is context diagram? Context Diagram is the highest level DFD.It defines the boundaries of a system by showing a single major process and the data inputs and output & entities involved. A common way to begin is to model the whole system by one process. The DFD that is involved in this is known as the Context Diagram.

16. What are the components of ERD? 

Object types



Relationships



Associative object type indicators

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Super type / Sub type indicators

 17. Explain object modeling technique. [123]

The object-modeling technique (OMT) is an object modeling language for software modeling and designing. OMT was developed as an approach to software development. The purposes of modeling according to Rumbaugh are: 

testing physical entities before building them (simulation),



communication with customers,

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visualization (alternative presentation of information), and

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reduction of complexity.

18.

What is DBMS? A database management system is a set of software programs that

allows users to create, edit and update data in database files, and store and retrieve data from those database files. Data in a database can be added, deleted, changed, sorted or searched all using a DBMS. 19. 

What are inputs to the financial information system? Strategic plan or corporate policies o Contains major financial objectives and often projects financial needs.



Transaction processing system (TPS) o Important financial information collected from almost every TPS – payroll, inventory control, order processing, accounts payable, accounts receivable, general ledger. o External sources o Annual reports and financial statements of competitors and general news items.

20. What is MIS? A marketing information system (MIS) is a set of procedures and methods designed to generate, analyze, disseminate, and store anticipated marketing decision information on a regular, continuous basis. An information system can be used operationally, managerially, and strategically for several aspects of marketing.

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UNIT – III 2 MARK QUESTIONS 1. What is meant by FIS? Financial MIS Provides financial information to all financial managers within an organization. It integrates financial & operational information from multiple sources. Financial MIS eases analysis by providing fast financial data. It enables financial analysis from different aspects; time, product, customer. 2. What are all the sources for Financial Information System? a) Transaction Data: The Transactions of revenues and expenses incurred from each functional area. b) Forecasting Data: To compare the actual transition with the anticipated as per the forecast. c) Financial Intelligence Data: Banks, Government, Stock market, etc. d) Strategic Plans : The organization’s goal is to increase profits by 30 percent 3. Define Marketing Information System. A marketing information system (MIS) is a set of procedures and methods designed to generate, analyze, disseminate, and store anticipated marketing decision information on a regular, continuous basis. An information system can be used operationally, managerially, and strategically for several aspects of marketing. 4. What are all the advantages of Marketing Information System? A Marketing Information System offers many advantages: 1. Organized data collection. 2. A broad perspective. 3. The storage of important data. 4. An avoidance of crises. 5. Coordinated marketing plans. 6. Speed in obtaining sufficient information to make decisions. 7. Data amassed and kept over several time periods. 8. The ability to do a cost-benefit analysis 5. What are the two basic types of production methods? 1) Job Shop Production: each order taken by the firm is considered to be a job. 2) Process Production: Goods are produced at a mass scale for general consumption. 6. List out the outputs of Personnel Information System

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a)

Organizational Resources Planning: It provides proper acquisition and allocation of the resources of manpower to the required areas of work. b) Organizational Management: The train and develop the employees of training and development needs of personals at all levels. Development of suitable training programmes and employees development programmes. Payroll and Administration: Distribution of employees’ wages, salaries, incentive payments and fringe benefits and compensation

7. What is DSS? Decision Support Systems (DSS) are a class of computerized information systems that support decision-making activities. DSS are interactive computer-based systems and subsystems intended to help decision makers use communications technologies, data, documents, knowledge and/or models to successfully complete decision process tasks. 8. What are the characteristics of DSS? 1. Semi-structured, unstructured decisions 2. Focused of specific decisions 3. Presentation in the form of graphics 4. Develop through prototype(example), iterative process

9. List out the different types of DSS. •

Data-Driven DSS

•

Model-Driven DSS

•

Knowledge-Driven DSS

•

Document-Driven DSS

•

Communications-Driven and Group DSS

•

Inter-Organizational or Intra-Organizational DSS

•

Function-Specific or General Purpose DSS

10. Mention the components of DSS. Decision Support Systems has four major components namely •

The user interface

•

The database

•

The models and analytical tools and

•

The DSS architecture and network [126]

11. Draft the framework of DSS. The following is the framework of DSS

12. What is EIS? An Executive Information System (EIS) is a type of management information system intended to facilitate and support the information and decision-making needs of senior executives by providing easy access to both internal and external information relevant to meeting the strategic goals of the organization.

13.Name the several types of interfaces available for EIS. Several types of interfaces can be available to the EIS structure, such as scheduled reports, questions/answers, menu driven, command language, natural language, and input/output. 14. What are the advantages of EIS? Advantages of EIS 

Easy for upper-level executives to use, extensive computer experience is not required in operations [127]



Provides timely delivery of company summary information



Information that is provided is better understood

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Filters data for management

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Improves to tracking information

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Offers efficiency to decision makers

15. What is mean by GIS? A geographic information system (GIS), or geographical information system, is any system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that are linked to location.

16. Name the applications of GIS. GIS technology can be used for a) scientific investigations, b) resource management, c) asset management, d) archaeology, e) environmental impact assessment, f) urban planning, g) cartography, h) criminology, i) geographic history, j) marketing, k) logistics, l) prospectively mapping, and other purposes. 17. Define GIS. A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer-based tool for mapping and analyzing things that exist and events that happen on Earth. 18. What is Knowledge Management System? Knowledge Management System (KM System) refers to a system for managing knowledge in organizations for supporting creation, capture, storage and dissemination of information. It can comprise a part of a Knowledge Management initiative. [128]

19. What is the purpose of KMS? The idea of a KM system is to enable employees to have ready access to the organization's documented base of facts, sources of information, and solutions. For example a typical claim justifying the creation of a KM system might run something like this: an engineer could know the metallurgical composition of an alloy that reduces sound in gear systems. Sharing this information organization wide can lead to more effective engine design and it could also lead to ideas for new or improved equipment.

20. Mention the advantages of KM systems Some of the advantages claimed for KM systems are: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Sharing of valuable organizational information throughout organizational hierarchy. Can avoid re-inventing the wheel, reducing redundant work. May reduce training time for new employees Retention of Intellectual Property after the employee leaves if such knowledge can be codified. 5. Time management.

21. Define International Information System. International Information System is defined as “distributed information systems which support similar business activities in highly diverse environments commonly found across country boundaries.” 22. What are the major dimensions of IIS? The major dimensions for developing international information systems architecture are 1. The global environment 2. The corporate global strategies 3. The structure of the organization 4. The management and business processes 5. The technology platform

UNIT – IV 2 MARK QUESTIONS [129]

1.What is mean by Information Security? Information security means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modific...