Module 5 study questions PDF

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Module 5 Study Questions 1. Complete the following diagram. Be sure to include at least two functions and two examples for each macromolecule. Macromolecules What common features do all organic macromolecules have? 1. Contain carbon atoms bonded to Hydrogen (C-H bonds) 2. Often contain Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, or Sulfur 3. Atoms are connected by covalent bonds, modular, smaller monomers can be linked to make larger polymers. Often associated w/living things. Type of Macromolecule Carbohydrate s

Nucleic Acids

Lipids

Proteins

Monomer Sugar s

nucleotides

Fatty acids

Amino acids

Functions Stores energy/provide structural support

Stores genetic info that the cell uses to control all its processes

Use long term energy storage, vital role as a part of the membrane of a cell

Important structural and communication molecule. Most important role is as enzymes-help speed up and control chemical reactions occurring in the cell

Examples Cellulose

DNA

Fats, steroids(cholesterol)oils, waxes, phospholipids

Enzymes

2. The image below is showing an oil and water mixture. Based on the chemical properties of water and lipids, explain what we see happening in the picture. The water (solvent) is

mixed with a Hydrophobic solute. The Solute (non-polar molecules) will not form a solution in water.

3. Complete the following table with the 4 types of lipids: Type of Lipid Fats and oils

Structure Glycerol and fatty acids

Phospholipids Fatty acids and phosphate

Steroids

Carbon ring molecules

Waxes

Esters of fatty acids

4. Identify A, B and C in the figure below:

Function Stores energy for use @later time Provides structure to cell membrane. A protective barrier surrounding cell or separating compartments forming organelles w/in cell. Provides structure to membranes. Regulates many developmental metabolic and energy processes. Forms protective layers on plants and animals to repel water. A= Phospholipid B=Hydrophilic Head C=Hydrophobic Tail

5. In the picture above, B is Hydrophilic, meaning that it mixes well with water, while C is Hydrophobic, meaning that doesn’t mix well with water. How does this structure allow the formation of the phospholipid bilayer in cellular membranes? They will assemble into circles, keeping water molecules away from the hydrophobic tails while keeping hydrophilic heads in contact with water.

6. What type of macromolecule is depicted in the image below? What is its function? Protein – Catalysts make a reaction go faster, help move substances, transport material, recognize specific molecules facilitate mechanical movement and maintain structure.

FLASHBACK TO MODULE 3: The image below shows a glucose molecule. As all organic molecules, it contains carbon and hydrogen atoms. In this molecule, the electrons are shared between the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. What type of chemical bond holds these atoms together?

Covalent Bonds hold the atoms together...