Myers Psychology chapter 3 True or false handout PDF

Preview

Summary

Chapter 3--Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Consciousness--definition

Know the various Brain states and consciousness --Handout

Dual processing
Biological rhythms/circadian rhythm
Sleep —4 stages

Sleep patterns of young adults vs....

Description

Prologue True/False 1.

False – the best evidence always confirms our intuition

2.

True – questions about human nature date back to the speculations of Aristotle

3.

False – Sigmund Freud established the first psychology laboratory at the university of Vienna, Austria

4.

False – psychology is best defined today as the study of mental life

5.

True – psychology is a way of asking and answering questions

6.

True – the science of psychology developed from the more established fields of biology and philosophy

7.

True – the biggest and most persistent issue in psychology concerns the nature vs nurture controversy

8.

True – evolution has become an important principle for psychology

9.

False – contemporary psychology has little interest in how behavior varies across cultures

10. False – psychology’s different perspectives contradict one another

Chapter 1 True/False 1.

False – human intuition is accurate and free from error

2.

True – most people seem to lack confidence in the accuracy of their beliefs

3.

False – in science, a theory is merely speculation

4.

True – happy people would rather talk than tweet

5.

False – the opinions of 1500 randomly selected people can provide a very accurate picture of the opinions of an entire nation

6.

False – the scientific finding that depressed people tend to have low self-esteem proves that depression causes people to be down on themselves

7.

True – the purpose of the experiment is to recreate behaviors exactly as they occur in everyday life

8.

False – under ethical and legal guidelines, researchers must ensure the comfort, health, and human treatment of animals

9.

False – as a science, psychology is objective and value free

10. True – using the mean, the 2010 U.S census calculates that nearly 65 percent of U.S households have “below average” income Chapter 2 True/False 1.

False – neural impulses travel through the human body at the same speed the electricity travels through a wire

2.

True – the human brain produces its own natural opiates that elevate mood and ease pain

3.

True – electrically stimulating a cat’s brain at a certain point can cause the animal to cower in terror in the presence of a small mouse

4.

True – both animals and humans seem to have reward centers located in the brain

5.

False – most people would advocate pushing someone in front of a runway trolley to save five others

6.

False – we ordinarily use ten percent of our brains

7.

True – if a blind person uses one finger to read braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands

8.

False – adult humans cannot generate new brain cells

9.

True – some people have had the hemispheres of their brains split with no apparent ill effect

10. True – hearing people usually use the left hemisphere of the brain to process language, and deaf people usually use the left hemisphere to process sign language Chapter 3 True/False T F

1. By observing our brain activity, researchers can tell which of 10 similar objects (hammer, drill, and so forth) we are viewing.

T F

2. Much of our everyday thinking, feeling, and acting operate outside our conscious awareness.

T F

3. Long-haul truck drivers, because they are experienced drivers, are able to text while driving without any serious effects on their safety.

T F

4. Allowed to sleep unhindered, most adults will sleep at least 9 hours a night.

T F

5. People who sleep 7 to 8 hours a night tend to outlive those who are chronically sleep deprived.

T F

6. The most common dreams are those with sexual imagery.

T F

7. Most psychologists believe that dreams provide a key to understanding our inner conflicts.

T F

8. Cocaine use may lead to respiratory failure.

T F

9. In large amounts, alcohol is a depressant; in small amounts, it is a stimulant.

T F

10. THC, the main ingredient in marijuana, stays in the system for only a short time.

Chapter 4 True/False 1. True – people everywhere return favors 2. False – even complex human traits are determined by a single gene 3. False – adoptees’ traits such as extraversion and agreeableness bear more similarities to their adoptive parents than to their biological parents 4. True – the most emotionally intense preschoolers tend to be relatively intense young adults 5. False – if after a worldwide catastrophe only Icelanders or Kenyans survived, the human species would suffer a huge reduction in its genetic diversity 6. False – In many places around the world, females are more likely than males to initiate sexual activity 7. True - a child who hears English spoken with one accent at home and another in the neighborhood and at school invariably adopts the accent of his or her peers, not the parents 8. True – compared with westerners, people in Japanese and Chinese cultures exhibit greater concern for group identification and humility 9. True – until seven weeks after conception, males and females remain anatomically indistinguishable 10. True – even when families discourage traditional gender typing, children usually organize themselves into “boy worlds” and “girl worlds”, each guided by rules for what boys and girls do...