Note 10 - note PDF

Preview

Summary

note...

Description

According to the rationalist, logical truths, mathematical truths, and metaphysical truths are all examples of which kind of knowledge; - - a priori knowledge

According to your text, "idealism" means the belief that; - - ultimate reality is mental or spiritual in nature

According to your text, the term "epistemology" comes from two Greek words that mean; -Knowledge and rational discourse

Berkeley believed that the word "matter" refers to - - nothing at all

Descartes finally concluded that he could trust his sense experience because; - - a good God would not deceive him

Descartes's argument for God's existence is based on; - - the very idea of a perfect being

Descartes's first bedrock of certainty was; - - "I am, I exist"

Descartes's principle "there must be as much reality in the cause as there is in the effect" was used to prove the existence of; - - God

Expressing two assertions that could not both be true under any possible circumstances is known as; - a logical inconsistency. - a self-referential inconsistency. - the false dichotomy fallacy. - the fallacy of affirming the consequent. - - a logical inconsistency.

Hume says our casual judgments are based on; - - the constant conjuction of two events in our past experience

Hume was skeptical about which of the following beliefs?; - - our belief that the future will always be like the past

Hume's test for evaluating the worth of a book was to ask: Does it contain either - - mathematical reasoning or experimental reasoning about matters of fact?

if an argument begins with the assuming the truth of a position and then showing that the position's truth leads to a logically absurd or self-contradictory conclusion, the argument is known as; - a deductive syllogism - a hypothetical syllogism - a disjunctive syllogism - a reductio ad absurdem - - a reductio ad absurdem

if the expression " if p THEN q" is true and you know p is true then you know; - q has to be false - q has to be true - q can either be true or false - none of the above - - q has to be true

if the expression "p and q" is true then you know; - p has to be true - p has to be false - q can be either true or false - q cannot be true - - p has to be true

if you know P is false in the expression, "if p then q" then you know; - q has to be false - q has to be true - q can either be true or false

- none of the above - - q can be either true of false

in an inductive argument, if the premises of the argument are not based on a sufficient number of observations the conclusion may be a; - hypothetical syllogism - hasty generalization -disjunctive syllogism -false cause fallacy - - hasty generalization

In discussing "inference to the best explanation," the text pointed out that; - philosophy makes use of this method, but science does not. - science makes use of this method, but philosophy does not. - both science and philosophy make use of this method. - religion makes use of this method, but science and philosophy do not. - - both science and philosophy make use of this method.

In his inital examination of his beliefs, the one thing that Descartes could not doubt was that; - He was doubting

In his trial, Socrates referred to himself as; - a rudder that keeps the people of Athens on course. - a gadfly that continually harasses people to wake them from their apathy. - a compass that shows people the direction they should take. - a coach that trains people on how to use their intellectual muscles - - a gadfly that continually harasses people to wake them from their apathy.

In Kant's Terminology, things-as-they-appear-to-us are called ________ and things-in themselves are called __________. - - the phenomena/ the noumena

in Plato's Allegory of the Cave, the shadows represented; - our doubts and lack of confidence in our own worth.

- the fact that truth is elusive and cannot be found. - the gods. - imperfect and confused representations of a higher reality. - - imperfect and confused representations of a higher reality.

In your reading from Plato's dialogue Phaedo, Socrates discusses - - How we can have knowledge of perfect justice, beauty, goodness, and equality

Innate ideas are ideas that; - - the mind already contains prior to experience

Kant's categories of understanding are; - - organizing principles the mind brings to experience

One of the three epistemological questions discussed in the text is; - - Does our knowledge represent reality as it realy is?

Philosophers, following Plato, have traditionally definted knowledge as; - - true justified belief

Since fire has burned us in the past, we believe that fire will burn us in the future. According to Hume, this reasoning is based on - - the principle of induction

Socrates believed he was wiser than anyone else in Athens because he; -knew he was ignorant -had found the ultimate truth, using the Socratic method. -realized that all opinions are equally true. -did not believe in any god. - - knew he was ignorant

socrates maintained that good person cannot be harmed by others because; - the gods will protect the good person. - other will respect and honor a person who is truly good. - society will come to the defense of someone who is good.

- evil people can harm the body but not a person's true self. - - evil people can harm the body but not a person's true self.

Socrates referred to himself as - a mirror that reflects the truth in nature -the housekeeper of the mind -the midwife of ideas. - an artist that creates pictures with ideas - the midwife of ideas.

Socrates undermines Thrasymachus's definition of justice by; - showing that it leads to a contradiction. - arguing that most people would be unlikely to accept it. - demonstrating that it would violate the laws of Athens. - arguing that adopting it would lead to social instability. - - showing that it leads to a contradiction.

The adjective "empirical" refers to; - - anything that is based on experience

The claim "Either my team will win their next game or they won't" is an example of; - - a logical necessary truth and a priori knowledge

the empiricist believes that; - - all of the above

The empiricist believes that; - - all of the above

The primary reason that Descartes doubted so many things was; - - to find if there was any belief that was certain

The Socratic method consisted of; - drawing philosophical conclusions from scientific observations.

- lecturing to people on the basic principles for successful living. - surveying public opinion and embracing the collective wisdom of the majority. - asking questions of people and then questioning their answers. - - asking questions of people and then questioning their answers.

The term "philosophy" literally means -the search for knowledge. -deep questions. -the love of wisdom. -the search for meaning. - the love of wisdom

The text referred to Kant's position as "constructivism" because; - -he claimed that the mind forms its objects out of the raw data of experience

The text referred to Rene Descartes's strategy for finding certainty as; - - methodological skepticism

Three of the empiricists discussed in the text were; - - John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume

Which of the following claims did Immanuel Kant assert?; - - all of the above

Which of the following is a characteristic of a valid argument?; - All the premises must be true. - The conclusion must be true. - If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. - all of the above - - If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

Which of the following was one of the three anchor points of rationalism - - The fundamental truths about the world can be known a priori

you are given, " if p, then q" you are also given q... therefore you know that; - p is true - both p and q are true - p is not true - none of the above - - none of the above....