Old Persian: Dictionary, Glossary and Concordance PDF

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DICTIONARY Germanic haimen (aim). New Persian equivalent has 𐎣𐎠𐎱𐎡𐏁𐎣𐎠𐎴𐎡𐏁 retained both form and meaning in (‫ )ﮐﺎم‬for the Kāpišakāniš (name of a fortress) meaning (want). 10.01.6-539 proper name, singular masculine in nominative form for the name of a fortress in Arachosia, one of 𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 the provi...

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DICTIONARY

Germanic haimen (aim). New Persian equivalent has

𐎣𐎠𐎱𐎡𐏁𐎣𐎠𐎴𐎡𐏁

retained both form and meaning in (‫ )ﮐﺎم‬for the

Kāpišakāniš (name of a fortress)

meaning (want). 10.01.6-539

proper name, singular masculine in nominative form for the name of a fortress in Arachosia, one of

𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁

the provinces of the Achaemenid Empire. 10.01.11-

kamnaibiš (with little, with few)

544

adjective, plural masculine in instrumentive form for the meaning (few) and (little). New Persian

𐎣𐎠𐎼

equivalent has retained form and meaning in (‫)ﺑﺎ ﮐﻢ‬.

kāra (army, people)

10.01.7-540

noun, singular masculine in nominative form for the meaning (army) and (people) from the root kar (to

𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎶

do) and (to perform). New Persian equivalent of the

*kamnam (few, little)

root is (‫ )ﮐﺎر‬and (‫)ﮔﺮ‬. 10.01.12-545

adjective, singular neuter in nominative form for the meaning (few) and (little) of a possible Indo-

𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠

European origin of kamla (small) and (little). New

kārā (with army, with people)

Persian equivalent has retained form and meaning

noun, singular masculine in instrumentive form for

in (‫)ﮐﻢ‬. 10.01.8-541

the meaning (with army) and (with people) from the root kāra (to do) and (to perform). New Persian

𐎣𐎱𐎭

equivalent of the root is (‫ )ﮐﺎر‬and (‫)ﮔﺮ‬. 10.01.13-546

Kapada (name of a region) proper name, singular masculine in nominative

𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠

form for the name of a region in Medea, one of the

kārahyā (army, people)

provinces of the Achaemenid Empire. 10.01.9-542

noun, singular masculine in genitive dative (indirect accusative) form for the meaning (army) and

𐎣𐎱𐎢𐎫𐎣

(people). 10.01.14-547

kapautaka (lapis lazuli, blue) adjective, singular masculine in nominative form for

𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶

the meaning (blue) and (lapis lazuli) as attested in

kāram (army, people)

DSf 37. New Persian equivalent has retained form

noun, singular masculine in accusative form as

and meaning in (‫ )ﮐﺒﻮد‬as it also refers to (sapphire)

object of a verb for the meaning (people) and (army)

and (bluestone) as is in (‫ )ﺳﻨﮓ ﮐﺒﻮد‬and (‫)ﮔﻨﺒﺪ ﮐﺒﻮد‬.

of the root kāra (to do) and (to perform). 10.01.15-548

10.01.10-543

𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎶

185

DICTIONARY

kārašim (his army, his people) compound,

kāra

as

singular

karnuvakā (stonemasons) in

noun, plural masculine in nominative form for the

nominative form (army) + šim as third person

masculine

meaning (stonemasons) and (stone-cutters) of the

singular pronoun in accusative for the meaning (his)

Indo-European root kurt (to cut) and it is attested

for the combined meaning of (his army) and (his

once in DSf 47 by Darius I. 10.01.21-554

people). 10.01.16-549

𐎣𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐎣𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎡𐏁

*karšā (unit of mass)

kariyaiš (should have done)

participle, singular masculine or plural feminine for

verb, third person singular of imperative in passive

the meaning (cut) and (reduced) for a unit of mass

voice for the meaning (should have done) and

equal to 83.15 grammes, of a possible Indo-European

(would have done) of the Old Persian root kar (to

root kreš (to crush) and (to cut in pieces) as attested

do). New Persian equivalent is (‫)ﮐﺮده ﺷﻮد‬. 10.01.17-550

in a range of Achaemenid inscriptions on diorite weights including Wa, Wc and Wd. 10.01.22-555

𐎣𐎼𐎣 Karka (name of a province)

𐎣𐎼𐏁𐎹𐎠

proper name, singular masculine in nominative

*karšayā (with karša, in karša)

form for the name of one of the provinces of the

noun, plural feminine in instrumentive form for the

Achaemenid Empire known as (Caria). 10.01.18-551

name of a unit of mass equal to 83.15 grammes. 10.01.23-556

𐎣𐎼𐎣𐎠 Karkā (Carians)

𐎣𐎼𐎫

adjective, plural masculine in nominative form for

karta (done)

the meaning (Carians) and (those from Caria).

participle, singular masculine in nominative form

10.01.19-552

for the meaning (done) from the root kāra (to do). Its New Persian equivalent has retained form and meaning in (‫)ﮐﺮده‬. 10.01.24-557

𐎣𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 Karmānā (from Karmāna) noun, masculine in ablative from for the meaning

𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎠

(from Karmāna) as one of the provinces of the

kartā (done)

Achaemenid Empire. New Persian equivalent of the

participle, singular masculine or plural feminine for

name is (‫)ﮐﺮﻣﺎن‬. 10.01.20-553

the meaning (done) with New Persian equivalent of (‫)ﮐﺮده‬. 10.01.25-558

𐎣𐎼𐎵𐎢𐎺𐎣𐎠

186

DICTIONARY

kantam. New Persian equivalent is (‫ )ﮐﻨﺪه‬from (‫)ﮐﻨﺪن‬.

𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶

10.01.30-563

kartam (done) participle,

singular

neuter

in

accusative

or

nominative form for the meaning (done) and

𐎣𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹

(completed) of the Old Persian root kar (to do) and

katanaiy (to dig)

(to perform). 10.01.26-559

infinitive of root kan (to dig) for the meaning (to dig) and (to take out). New Persian equivalent has retained form and meaning (‫ )ﮐﻦ‬and (‫)ﮐﻨﺪن‬. 10.01.31-

𐎣𐎠𐎿𐎣

564

kāsaka (gemstone) noun, singular masculine in nominative form for the meaning (precious stone) and (gem). New Persian

𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣

equivalent has retained form but the meaning

Katpatuka (name of a province)

applies to (receptacle) or (vessel) as in (‫ )ﮐﺎﺳﻪ‬and

proper name, singular masculine in nominative

(‫)ﮐﺎﺳﮏ‬. 10.01.27-560

form for the meaning (Cappadocia) as one of the provinces of the Achaemenid Empire. In addition, it appears as an adjective for the same noun as

𐎣𐎠𐎿𐎣𐎡𐎴

(Cappadocian)

kāsakaina (of precious stone)

and

(those

from

Cappadocia).

10.01.32-565

adjective, singular masculine in nominative form for the meaning (of precious stone) attested twice in DPi

𐎣𐎢𐎳

and XPi. 10.01.28-561

*kaufa (mountain) noun, singular masculine in nominative form for the

𐎣𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹

meaning (mountain) of the Indo-European root

kašciy (anyone, anything)

kapu (top) and (prominent) as in cap (head). New

pronoun, singular masculine in nominative form for

Persian equivalent of it has retained formand

the meaning (anything) and (anyone) of kaš (any) +

meaning in (‫ )ﮐﻮه‬in turn of Middle Persian (‫)ﮐﻮف‬.

ciy (suffix for emphasis). New Persian equivalent of

10.01.33-566

it has retained both form and meaning in (‫)ﮐﺴﯽ‬. 10.01.29-562

𐎣𐎹𐎠𐎭𐎠 *kāyadā (abominated, loathed)

𐎣𐎫𐎶

participle, singular masculine or plural feminine for

katam (dug)

the meaning (loathed) and (disrespected) of k + ā +

participle, singular neuter in nominative form for the

yadā (prefix for emphasis + negative ā + respected)

meaning (dug) of the Old Persian root kan (to dig)

from the root yad (to revere) and (to respect). An

and (to take out) with omission of the medial n in

alternative re-construction of the A2Sa inscription

187

DICTIONARY

reads vināθayātiy for the meaning (they shall harm).

do). New Persian equivalent of it is (‫ )ﮐﻨﯽ‬as in (‫)ﺑﮑﻨﯽ‬.

10.01.34-567

10.02.5-572

𐎤𐎢𐎯𐎽𐎢𐏁

𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹

Kuduruš (name of a town)

kunavānaiy (may I)

noun, singular masculine in nominative form for the

verb, first person singular imperative mood of

name of a town in the Achaemenid province of

middle voice for the meaning (may I) or (I shall do).

Medea, attested once in DB2 65 by Darius. 10.02.1-

New Persian equivalent is (‫ )ﮐﻨﻢ‬as in (‫)ﺑﮑﻨﻢ‬. 10.02.6-

568

573

𐎤𐎢𐎥𐎴𐎣𐎠

𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

Kuganakā (name of a town)

kunavātaiy (may be done)

proper name, singular feminine in nominative form

verb, third person singular imperative mood of

for the name of a town in Pārsa - one of the provinces

middle voice in place of passive for the meaning

of the Achaemenid Empire. 10.02.2-569

(may be done) or (shall be done) as attested once in DNb 56 for the meaning (may not be done) or (shall not be done). 10.02.7-574

𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐎫𐎡𐎹 kunautiy (he does) verb, third person singular present tense of active

𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁

voice for the meaning (he does) and (he performs).

Kūrauš (of Cyrus)

New Persian equivalent has retained form and

proper name, singular masculine in genitive form for

meaning in (‫ )ﮐﻨﺪ‬as in (‫ )ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ‬of (‫)ﮐﺮدن‬. 10.02.3-570

the meaning (of Cyrus) as the name of the first Achaemenid ruler of the Empire. 10.02.8-575

𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐎬𐎢𐎺 kunautuv (may he)

𐎢𐎽...𐏁

verb, third person singular of imperative form of

Kuruš (name of a person)

active voice for the meaning (he shall) and (may he).

proper name, singular masculine in nominative

New Persian equivalent of it is (‫ )ﮐﻨﺎد‬as in (‫)ﭘﺎﯾﻨﺪه ﮐﻨﺎد‬.

form for the name (Cyrus) as the founder of the

10.02.4-571

Achaemenid Empire. New Persian equivalent has retained both form and meaning in (‫)ﮐﻮروش‬. 10.02.9576

𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎠𐏃𐎹 kunavāhy (may you) verb, second person singular of imperative mood of

𐎤𐎢𐏁𐎠

active voice for the meaning (may you) and (you will

Kūšā (name of a province)

188

DICTIONARY

proper name, singular masculine in ablative form for

conjunction and adverb, employed for prohibitive

the meaning (from Kūša) as one of the provinces of

effect in construction of a negative compound as in

the Achaemenid Empire in Africa. 10.02.10-577

mā stabava (do not revolt). It is of Indo-European origin mē (not) attested for 18 times in Achaemenid inscriptions. New Persian equivalent of it has

𐎤𐎢𐏁𐎠𐎹

retained form and meaning in (‫ )ﻧﺎ‬and also in (‫ )ﻣ‬as in

Kūšāya (people of Kūša)

(‫)ﻣﮑﻦ‬. 12.01.1-582

adjective, plural masculine in nominative form for the meaning (Kushites). An alternative writing of Kūšiyā for the meaning (people of Kūša) and (those

𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹

of Kūša). 10.02.11-578

Maciya (Maciyan) adjective, singular masculine in nominative form for the meaning (Maciyan) and (of Maciya) as one of the

𐎤𐎢𐏁𐎠𐎹

provinces of the Achaemenid Empire, with c

Kūšiyā (people of Kūša)

sounding as [tʃ]. 12.01.2-583

adjective, plural masculine in nominative form for the meaning (people of Kūša) and (of Kūša).

𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹𐎠

10.02.12-579

Maciyā (Maciyans) adjective, plural masculine in nominative form for

𐎤𐎢𐏁𐎢𐎺𐎠

the meaning (Maciyans) as one of the provinces of

kušuvā (you may do, you shall do)

the Achaemenid Empire with c sounds as [tʃ].

verb, second person singular of imperative middle

12.01.3-584

voice for the meaning (you should do) and (you may perform). New Persian equivalent is (‫ )ﺑﮑﻮش‬which is

𐎶𐎠𐎭

in turn from (‫)ﮐﺮدن‬. 10.02.13-580

Māda (name of a region) proper name, singular masculine in nominative

𐎾𐎲𐎴𐎠𐎴

form for the name (Medea) as one of the provinces

Labanāna (name of a mountain)

of the Achaemenid Empire with the literal meaning

proper name, singular masculine in nominative

of (middle land) of Indo-European root medhyo

form for the name of a mountain (Lebanon) of which

(middle). 12.01.4-585

cedar timbers were supplied to the palace of Darius I in Susa. New Persian equivalent has retained form

𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎠

and meaning in (‫)ﻟﺒﻨﺎن‬. 11.01.1-581

Mādā (Medeams, Medes) adjective, plural masculine in nominative form for

𐎶𐎠

the maning (Medean). New Persian equivalent is

mā (not)

(‫)ﻣﺎدي ﻫﺎ‬. 12.01.5-586

189

DICTIONARY

noun, singular masculine in accusative form as

𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁

object of a verb for the meaning of (priest) and

Mādaibiš (with Medeans)

(magus). New Persian equivalent has retained form

adjective, plural masculine in instrumentive form for the

meaning

(with

Medeans).

New

and meaning in (‫)ﻣﻎ‬. 12.01.11-592

Persian

equivalent of it is (‫)ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎدي ﻫﺎ‬. 12.01.6-587

𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 maguš (priest)

𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁

adjective, singular masculine in nominative form for

Mādaišuva (among the Medeans)

the meaning (priest) and (member of the magi). New

adjective, plural masculine in locative form for the

Persian equivalent has retained form and meaning

meaning (among the Medeans) and (in between the

in (‫)ﻣﻎ‬. 12.01.12-593

Medeans). 12.01.7-588

𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠

𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹

māhyā (of month, of moon)

Mādaiy (in Medea)

noun, singular masculine in genitive form for the

proper name, singular masculine in locative form for

meaning (of month) and (of moon) from māh + hyā

the meaning (in Medea) as one of the provinces of

from Indo-European root meh (moon). New Persian

the Achaemenid Empire. 12.01.8-589

equivalent has retained both form and meaning in (‫)ﻣﺎه‬. 12.01.13-594

𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶 Mādam (Medea, Medean)

𐎶𐎣

noun, singular masculine in accusative form as

Maka (name of a province)

object of a verb for the meaning (Medea) or

proper name, singular masculine in nominative

alternatively as adjective in singular masculine

form for the name of a province (Maka) of the

nominative for the meaning (Medean). 12.01.9-590

Achaemenid Empire. 12.01.14-595

𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶𐎨𐎠 Mādamcā (Medea)

𐎶𐎠𐎶

noun, singular masculine in accusative form + cā as

mām (I, me)

coordinator, with c sounding as [tʃ] for the meaning

pronoun,

(Medea) as object of a verb. It is attested once at

accusative form for adam with the meaning (I) and

Bagastān in DB1 66 by Darius I. 12.01.10-591

(me) of Indo-European pronoun root mē for the

first

person

singular

masculine

of

meaning (me). It is attested 74 times in Achaemenid inscriptions. New Persian equivalent of it has

𐎶𐎦𐎢𐎶 magum (priest, member of the magi)

190

DICTIONARY

retained form and meaning in (‫ )ام‬and (‫)ﻣﻦ‬. 12.01.15-

(to think) and (to mind) attested once in XPl 16.

596

12.01.19-600

𐎶𐎴𐎠

𐎶𐎴𐎿𐎨𐎠

manā (of me, mine)

manašcā (over thinking power)

pronoun, first person singular masculine of genitive

noun, singular neuter in accusative form + cā as the

form for the meaning (of me) and (mine) of Indo-

coordinator for the meaning (as of, and) for the

European personal pronoun root mē for the meaning

combined meaning of (over mind) and (as of

(me)

wisdom) with c sounding as [tʃ]. Attested in both

attested

for

99

times

in

Achaemenid

DNb and XPl. 12.01.20-601

inscriptions. New Persian equivalent of it has retained form and meaning in (‫ )از ﻣﻦ‬and (‫)ﻣﺮا‬. 12.01.16-597

𐎶𐎴𐎢𐎻𐎡𐏁 manauviš (reckless)

𐎶𐎴𐎨𐎠

adjective, singular masculine in nominative form for

manacā (of me)

the meaning (thoughtless) and (reckless) from the

compound, first person singular masculine of

Indo-European root men (to think) and (to mind).

genitive form for the meaning (of me) and (mine) +

12.01.21-602

coordinator suffix cā (as of, and) with c sounding as [tʃ] for the meaning (of me) as in DPd vašnā

𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠𐏃𐎹

auramadāhā manacā (by the grace of Auramazda and

maniyāhay (you should think, you may think)

of me). 12.01.17-598

verb, second person singular present tense of imperative mood of middle voice for the meaning

𐎶𐎴𐏃𐎠

(you should think) and (you may think). 12.01.22-603

manahā (with wisdom) noun, singular neuter in instrumentive form for the

𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠𐏃𐎡𐎹

meaning (with insight) and (with wisdom) from the

maniyāhaiy (you should think, you may think)

Indo-European root men (to think) and (to mind)

verb, second person singular present tense of

attested once in DNb 14. 12.01.18-599

subjunctive mood of middle voice for the meaning (may you think) and (you may think) from the Indo-

𐎶𐎴𐏃𐎹

European root men (to think) and (to mind) attested

manahyā (of wisdom, of mind)

once in DNb 38. 12.01.23-604

noun, singular neuter in genitive form for the meaning (of insight) and (of wisdom) employed in

𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎹

place of manahā, from the Indo-European root men

maniyaiy (I contemplate, I think)

191

DICTIONARY

verb, first person singular of present tense middle

Mārgava (of Margiana)

voice for the meaning (I contemplate) and (I think)

adjective, singular masculine in nominative form for

from the Indo-European root men (to think) and (to

the meaning (of Marguš) and (Margian) as a

mind). 12.01.24-605

province to the northeast of the Achaemenid Empire. New Persian equivalent of it is (‫)ﻣﺮوي‬. 12.01.28-609

𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎨𐎠 māniyamcā (settlements) adjective, singular neuter in accusative form

𐎶𐎠𐎼𐎥𐎺𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁

employed as a plural noun from māniyam of Indo-

Mārgavaibiš (with Margians)

European root mān (to settle) + cā as the coordinator

adjective, plural masculine in instrumentive form for