Ordinales - Spanish Grammar Point PDF

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Spanish Grammar Point...

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1. Ordinales - Indicate order or succession in a series. - You can either use written words, or roman numerals. - Agree in gender and number with the noun or idea expressed e.g. Vivo en el cuarto piso

● Primero and Tercero lose their final vowel when they’re used before a masculine singular noun e.g. El tercer piso ● The higher the number, the less likely it is for Numeros Ordinales to be used. e.g. El treinta y cinco aniversario ● However these expressions are more frequently used: e.g. Una centésima parte Una milésima parte

● When using de primera, de segunda, de tercera you do not need to add “clase” e.g. Es un equipo de segunda

2. Roman Numerals Used especially to: - Distinguish between Kings and Queens (note that you do not use an article) - Work volumes - Centuries are always written in Roman numerals - Expressions like “la I Guerra Mundial” (la primera guerra mundial)

3. Partitivos - The equal parts of a divided unit (e.g. fractions)

4. Multiplication

Doble, Triple, Cuádruple, Múltiple…. - Accompany words like adjectives. e.g. un cafe doble - They can even function as nouns e.g. Ahora gana el doble de lo que ganaba antes. - There are also verbs which derive from the adjectives e.g. Duplicar, triplicar, multiplicar…

5. Other forms for quantity Ambos: - Not a singular word - Means “los / las dos” Cada: - Invariable in gender and number - Normally preceded by a noun or pronoun - There are expressions used with Cada to exaggerate: e.g. ¡Tienes cada idea..! - Frequently used in the formula “numero + de cada + numero” e.g. Uno de cada cinco entrevistados opina que el gobierno deberia…

6. Dates - Same as Britain (Day - Month - Year) - To express the day, you use cardinal numbers

- Only exception is the first day of the month, where you can use either (primero) ● The article “el + a cardinal number” indicates a day e.g. Llegamos a París el 7 (o el dia siete) - Dates can be written in different ways… other abbreviated forms can be seen written like this: e.g. 25 de Abril de 2005 25-3-1998 25/09/06 ● The abbreviated form used to say years (naci en el 74) cannot be used after the year 2000 - You use the normal form (El ano de dos mil cuatro) Decades: - Are written with the words “anos” or “decada” - They cannot have an apostrophe (los ‘80) - They cannot be pluralised (los 80s)

7. Hours 1:00 “Es la una” 2:00 “Son las dos” 2:40 “Son las tres menos veinte” 3:10 “Son las tres y diez”

4:45 “Son las cuatro y cuarto” ● The official measurement for the time is in 24 clock e.g. “El tren sale a las 18 horas 45 minutos” ● In Spain, they do not use a.m. or p.m. ● Instead they use: de la manana, de la tarde, de la noche.

Manana : - Can also use “madruga” (dawn) Tarde : 13:00 - 20:00/21:00 Noche : 21:00-00:00...