Period 2 Review Sheet PDF

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A review of period 2 in us history...

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Period 2 (1607 – 1754) Review Sheet Chapters 2 – 3 Chapters of the American Pageant Textbook

R E A D T H I S

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F I R S T !

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Watch THIS video on Period 2 before you proceed. (Less than 10 minutes) 1. For each of the following countries, provide a brief summary of the goals/characteristics of colonization in the Western Hemisphere. Please make sure you include the DEMOGRAPHICS – makeup of the population. Want more info? Check out THIS video.  Spain: Spain became the early leader in exploration. They settled in South America in the SW US. The Spanish sought out precious metals including gold and silver. Most Spanish settlers were men, leading to racially mixed population with the natives. Mestizo is the mix of the Spanish and Native ancestry, in Mullato is a mix of Spanish and African ancestry.  Dutch and French: The Dutch established trade posts in NY. Dutch sent few Europeans to settle and formed alliances and intermarried with natives. Samuel de Champlain founded in Quebec, which was one year later from Jamestown. Most of colonists were men. The French focused on fur trade with Natives. The French had no representative assembly.  English: The permanent settlement was Jamestown in 1607. They settled along the Atlantic which is present day US and Caribbean. The English applied the same tactics used in Ireland

towards the Natives. England sent; large amounts of men and women to colonize colonies and focused on agriculture, and had hostile relationships with Natives. 2. How did characteristics of British colonization differ from Spanish colonization? Natives were seen as “savages to the English, and they were excluded from settlements. Whereas the Spanish lived among the Natives. 3. What were three reasons for the development of the slave trade? Racial superiority, lack of indentured servants, and natives were harder to enslave are reasons for the development of slave trade. 4. Why can the Pueblo Revolt be seen as a WATERSHED event in Spanish colonial history? (Make sure you know WATERSHED!) Need info on the Pueblo Revolt? Check out THIS video. The pueblo revolt was seen as a water shed event as a result of the rapid religious consumption by the newly introduced Spanish. 5. What does Anglicization mean? What are examples of this occurring? The English cultural and societal spread to the colonies; can be seen through the result of the Protest Reformation and spread of enlightment ideas. 6. What is Mercantilism? How did colonists get around this policy? Mercantilism is a system in which colonies could only trade with their said country of origin, enforced by bans and taxes. 7. How did the Enlightenment encourage colonial resistance? Encouraged free thought and for standing up for what is right 8. What were three reasons for the growth of slavery? Answers to the following questions on slavery can be found HERE. Rapid and expansion of tobacco, rice and sugar plantations expansion of plantations required a large and hardworking labor force. Indentured servants declined due to Bacon’s Rebellion 9. Why did African slavery replace Native American slavery on the Encomienda System? The system put in place by the Spanish, the encomienda system, gave Spanish explorers and missionaries the ability to enslave natives and use them as labor force, this was ineffective because of the dwindling Native population and the rapid spread of disease in the Native population. 10. Why did African Slavery replace indentured servitude in the English colonies AFTER 1676? (Turning Point in American History) This was a result of Bacons Rebellion, which was made up of many indentured servants who were taken advantage of. 11. What were two examples of slave resistance? STONO’s Rebellion & NTC Conspiracy of 1941 12. Complete the table below on the characteristics English colonial regions. (Think politics, economics, religion, demographics, labor systems, etc. If you need further assistance, watch THIS video and THIS video.

Chesapeake

Both 

Agriculture

New England 

Family run farms

  

House of Burgesses

Rural settlements



Protection of Catholics Built on agriculture



Lower life expectancy



Indentured servants



Only white male land owners



Smaller town



Shipbuilding, whaling, merchants



Higher life expectancy than other regions



Town hall meetings



Puritans

Document Analysis “For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us. So that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken, and so cause Him to withdraw His present help from us, we shall be made a story and a by-word through the world.” - John Winthrop, 1630 Need help with this document? Check out THIS quick video. 1. How does Winthrop view his people? As God’s chosen people 2. What would happen to Winthrop’s people if they did not follow through with their mission?

Lose support of God, be made an example of 3. What is the Purpose of Winthrop’s speech? To explain to Puritans why they came to MBC “God requireth not a uniformity of religion to be enacted and enforced in any civil state; which enforced uniformity sooner or later is the greatest occasion of civil war, ravishing of conscience, persecution of Christ Jesus in his servants, and of the hypocrisy and destruction of millions of souls.” - Roger Williams, “A Plea For Religious Liberty” - 1644 Need help with this document? Check out THIS quick video. 1. How does Williams view religious toleration? As a positive and Necessary to avoid problems 2. How does this differ from John Winthrop? Winthrop was NOT in favor of religious toleration 3. What is the Purpose of Williams’ speech? To allow communities to develop that are religiously tolerant “Be it enacted ... no goods or merchandizes whatsoever shall be imported into, or exported out of, any colony or plantation to his Majesty, in Asia, Africa, or America ... in any ship or bottom, but what is or shall be of the built of England, Ireland, or the said colonies or plantations ... and navigated with the masters and three fourths of the mariners of the said places only ... under pain of forfeiture of ships and goods.” - Navigation Act, April 1696 Need help with this document? Check out THIS quick video. 1. What is the Purpose of this Act? To control trade with the English Colonies 2. When England loosely enforced this law, that was an example of……. Salutary Neglect 3. What are implications of England loosely enforcing this law? (Think long-term consequences…..) Emboldens colonist to resist future taxes/ laws due to increased freedoms 4. Who is the Intended Audience of this document? English colonies...