Phi 208 - Week 1 Quiz - Attempt 3 PDF

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quiz attempt for week one quiz for PHI 208...

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Question 1 1 / 1 pts

Question 4

Peyton and Vanessa are having an in-depth conversation about whether moral standards and concepts hold across cultures, or whether they are relative. What type of ethics are they considering?

0 / 1 pts

normative ethics applied ethics Correct! metaethics deontological ethics

What is NOT one of the assumptions that may lead someone to avoid thinking critically about moral issues? That because there are multiple opinions, each one must be equally valid That if we cannot be certain about a moral position, we cannot judge it better or worse than others. You Answered That moral reasoning is unrelated to the kind of practical reasoning we use in everyday life.

Question 2

Correct Answer

1 / 1 pts What is the primary intended purpose of dialectical reasoning?

That critical thinking and taking a stand on a moral issue is compatible with open-mindedness and intellectual humility.

to convince the other person that your thesis or claim is valid

The answer can be found in Chapter 1, Section 1.2: Ethical Reasoning

Correct! to refine judgments about abstract principles and concrete cases to enjoy the pleasures of intellectual exercise to establish the superiority of abstract principles over concrete judgments

Question 5 1 / 1 pts “Meta” can be translated as all of the following concepts EXCEPT “behind”

Question 3

“over”

1 / 1 pts

“above”

According to the text, from a philosophical standpoint all intentional human action can be broken down into three parts. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Correct! “against”

Correct! the neural processes in the brain the nature and character of a person performing an action the consequences of an action

Question 6 1 / 1 pts Between what two types of judgments does a dialectical conversation move? right (moral) and wrong (immoral)

the nature of an action itself popular and unpopular

Correct! abstract and concrete persuasive and objective

Paulette is a philosopher who is trying to evaluate the strength of a major moral theory. As such, which of the following questions is Paulette LEAST likely to ask about the theory? Does this theory reflect our understanding of what it means to be human?

Question 7 0 / 1 pts In the context of philosophy, what are claims? You Answered doubts and affirmations Correct Answer

Does this theory explain why we ought to respect a particular set of moral standards? Does this theory offer us good answers to ethical questions? Correct! Does this theory avoid the frustration that can come with exploring ethical issues?

premises and conclusions arguments and counterarguments

Question 10

questions and answers

1 / 1 pts

The answer can be found in Chapter 1, Section 1.1: Socrates’s Question.

Which of the following ideas do Glaukon and Nietzsche share? Justice benefits all people no matter their capabilities or circumstances.

Question 8 1 / 1 pts Samara is considering how she should handle the fact that her employer overpaid her on her last check. Should she say something? Will she have to give the money back? Will her employer find out, and if so, is it better if Samara raises the issue first? These issues with which Samara is grappling are best described as ___________ judgments. Correct! concrete abstract persuasive unpopular

Question 9

Those who are physically strong but morally bad are objectively inferior to those who are morally good but physically weak. Correct! Justice is a convention that benefits the weak. The best sort of life is that of a person who follows his society’s standards of justice or morality, whatever they might be.

Question 11 1 / 1 pts With what does the major moral theory known as virtue ethics primarily concern itself? the neural processes in the brain Correct! the nature and character of a person performing an action the consequences of an action

1 / 1 pts the nature of an action itself

1 / 1 pts Question 12 1 / 1 pts According to Glaukon in “The Ring of the Gyges,” people are naturally self-sacrificing. just. Correct! egocentric. benevolent.

Jewish law prescribes that their deceased be buried in a shroud (a tachrichim) in simple pine box with no metal parts. Muslims, however, do not bury their deceased in a casket, but rather in a shroud (a kafan) directly into an excavated grave oriented toward Mecca. The claim that each of these kinds of burial rites can be right would be an example of cultural __________. coherence egotism objectivity Correct! relativism

Question 13 1 / 1 pts Which of the following is NOT one of the three major moral theories? Correct! relative ethics consequentialist ethics deontological ethics virtue ethics

Question 16 1 / 1 pts In September 2017, Saudi Arabia granted its women the right to drive—the last country on earth to do so. Many people judged this as positive progress. What does this judgment imply about the idea of cultural relativism? It supports cultural relativism because progress simply means change. Correct!

1 / 1 pts

It challenges relativism by recognizing an objective standard of women’s rights toward which the country has progressed.

According to the textbook, how do each of us live out answers to Socrates’s essential question?

It challenges cultural relativism because it confirms that Western values are always the correct ones.

Correct!

It doesn’t challenge cultural relativism because the people making this judgment were probably not sincere.

Question 14

by making conscious, deliberate choices that reflect a view of what matters by realizing that it is not up to us to say what is right or wrong by never questioning others’ assumptions about how one should live by simply following our inner feelings and desires

Question 17 1 / 1 pts The word “philosophy” literally means “love of ________.” Correct!

Question 15

wisdom

winning

1 / 1 pts

arguments

According to the Greek philosopher Socrates, the key ethical question is:

thinking

What have I been taught to do? Correct! PHI 208 Chapter 2 Test Bank Questions How should one live? Skepticism About Ethics

What are the laws of my society? Whom can one trust?

Question 18 1 / 1 pts Jessie tells Adam, “Murder is wrong, no matter what beliefs or traditions a culture has.” Jessie’s idea is an example of applied ethics. metaethics. moral subjectivity. Correct! moral objectivity.

Question 19 1 / 1 pts According to the author, which statement would support cultural relativism but conflict with the best explanation of notion of “respect”? To respect another person or culture is to acknowledge that their beliefs and practices are worthy of respect. To respect another person or culture is to be willing to judge some of their beliefs and practices better or worse than those of other persons or cultures. To respect another person or culture is to acknowledge when our own lack of experience and understanding may lead us to withhold judgment. Correct! To respect another person or culture is to affirm that there is nothing inferior or superior about another culture, and therefore nothing to admire or criticize.

Question 20

Quiz Score: 18 out of 20...