PHYS 111 Lab 2 - week 2 lab with questions and answers PDF

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week 2 lab with questions and answers...

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Bernard Aucamp, Kang il Park, Nicholas Demuth Tuesday 8:00 PM Table # 5

Distance vs. Time Introduction: Using a motion sensor and an object in motion, it is important to understand how to interpret a graph of ∆ pos ∆ vel position versus time, and how it relates to velocity v = and acceleration a= . When ∆ time ∆ time describing the motion of an object, knowing where it is relative to a reference point, how fast and in what direction it is moving, and how it is accelerating (changing its rate of motion) is essential. In this activity, using data collected from ultrasonic pulses emitted multiple times a second from a motion sensor for a person moving away from and returning to the sensor, PASCO Capstone will plot graphs in real-time as the motion is happening that will be compared to idealized graphs assuming constant acceleration. The purpose of this activity is to introduce the relationships between the motion of an object - YOU - and a Graph of position and time for the moving object. Procedure:

The following graph represents Position vs Time. The subject started at 0.1m from the sensor moving 2.2m away. The movement away from and towards the sensor took 11.70s.

The following graph represents Position vs Time. The subject started at 0.2m from the sensor moving 2.05m away. The movement away from and towards the sensor took 10.30s.

The following graph represents Position vs Time. The subject started at 0.2m from the sensor moving 2.05m away. The movement away from and towards the sensor took 9.30s.

The following graph represents Velocity vs Time where Velocity = Δ position / Δ time. The graph represents the changing slope of the Position vs Time graph.

The following graph represents Acceleration vs Time where Acceleration = Δ velocity / Δ time. The graph represents the changing slope of the Velocity vs Time graph.

Questions Answer the following questions by: increasing, decreasing, constant, or when a value is known state the value and Label the units appropriately assuming constant acceleration. 1. What does a horizontal line mean on a displacement-time graph? o The distance to the sensor is constant o The value of the velocity is constant at 0 m/s o The value of acceleration is constant at 0 m/s2 2. What does a horizontal line (above 0) mean on a velocity-time graph? o The distance to the sensor is increasing o The velocity is constant o The acceleration is constant at 0 m/s2 3. What does a constant positive slope on a displacement-time graph mean? o The distance to the sensor is increasing o The velocity is constant o The acceleration is constant at 0 m/s2 4. What does a constant negative slope on a displacement-time graph mean? o The distance to the sensor is decreasing o The velocity is constant o The acceleration is constant at 0 m/s2 5. What does a positive increasing slope (concave up) on a displacement-time graph mean? o The distance to the sensor is increasing

o The velocity is increasing o The speed is increasing o The acceleration is constant 6. What does a negative increasing slope (concave up) on a displacement-time graph mean? o The distance to the sensor is decreasing o The velocity is increasing o The speed is decreasing o The acceleration is constant 7. What does a positive decreasing slope (concave down) on a displacement-time graph mean? o The distance to the sensor is increasing o The velocity is decreasing o The speed is decreasing o The acceleration is constant 8. What does a negative decreasing slope (concave down) on a displacement-time graph mean? o The distance to the sensor is decreasing o The velocity is increasing o The speed is decreasing o The acceleration is constant

Conclusion: For a person moving away and returning to a motion sensor, we observed how graphs of position vs time

v=

Δ pos Δ time

a=

Δ vel Δ time

and acceleration as compared with ideal model graphs relate to velocity assuming constant acceleration. Noted distortion formed by data collected from ultra-sonic pulses multiple times a second demonstrates the acceleration of a person’s motion is not ideally constant. Thus, we were able to introduce the relationships between the motion of an object – Lab Team Member and a Graph of position and time for the moving object....