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PSY339&Practice&Exam& Name___________________________________& & MULTIPLE&CHOICE.&&Choose&the&one&alternative&that&best&completes&the&statement&or&answers& the&question.&& 1)##At#adolescence#,##self-concept#becomes#increasingly#dependent#on#information#from## A)##parents.## B)##grades.## C)##books.## D)##close#friends.### # 2)##Natasha'฀s#parents#have#an#authoritative#child-rearing#style.#Natasha#is#likely#to## A)##feel#especially#good#about#herself.## B)##be#extremely#popular#with#her#peers.## C)##act#overly#dependent#on#others.## D)##be#very#anxious#and#insecure.### # 3)##Research#on#child-rearing#practices#indicates#that#children#often#suffer#from#low#self-esteem# when#parents#__________.## A)##practice#an#authoritative#child-rearing#style.### B)##emphasize#a#focus#on#the#child'฀s#self.## C)##are#overly#tolerant#and#indulgent.### D)##too#often#help#or#make#decisions#for#their#youngster.#### # 4)##Research#on#peer#victimization#shows#that### A)##developing#a#school#code#against#bullying#can#reduce#peer#victimization.### B)##victimization#doesn'฀t#become#evident#until#middle#school.#### C)##bullies#and#victims#are#not#at#higher#risk#for#adjustment#difficulties.### D)##girls#are#as#likely#as#boys#to#be#bullies#and#victims.#### # 5)##Leticia#failed#to#ride#her#bike#up#the#hill#with#her#friends.##She#later#asked#her#father#to#remove# the#training#wheels#from#her#bike#so#that#she#would#no#longer#feel#embarrassed.##This#is#an# example#of#which#part#of#Social-Cognitive#theory?## A)##The#person#component## B)##Extroversion## C)##Reciprocal#determinism## D)##Residual#traits### # 6)##Cooper'฀s#parents#are#overindulgent.#As#a#result,#he#is#likely#to#have#an#unrealistically# __________#self-esteem#and#display#__________.## A)##low;#insecurity#and#hesitancy#when#making#decisions.## B)##high;#altruism#and#generosity.## C)##high;#meanness#and#aggression.## D)##low;#withdrawal#and#depression.### # # # #

7)##Mr.#and#Mrs.#Schiefele#notice#that#their#son#spends#most#of#his#time#with#a#particular#set#of# friends.#Within#this#set#of#friends#there#are#specific#standards#of#behavior#and#identified#leaders# and#followers.#The#Schiefele'฀s#son#### A)##is#part#of#a#peer#group.## B)##is#probably#a#rejected#child.## C)##has#many#acquaintances,#but#probably#few#true#friends.### D)##belongs#to#a#clique.#### # 8)##Research#on#peer#groups#during#middle#childhood#shows#that## A)##children#outcast#from#their#peer#group#often#turn#to#low-status#peers#for#group#belonging.## B)##relational#aggression#rises#sharply#among#boys.## C)##belonging#to#a#peer#group#decreases#the#occurrence#of#antisocial#behavior.### D)##informal#but#not#formal#peers#groups,#such#as#scouting#or#4-H#clubs,#promote#social#skills.#### # 9)##Which#of#the#following#statements#accurately#depicts#school-age#children'฀s#friendships?## A)##Gossiping#about#a#friend#is#considered#a#serious#breach#of#trust,#but#breaking#a#promise#is#not.## B)##Girls#are#more#exclusive#in#their#friendships#than#boys.## C)##Children#tend#to#pick#friends#who#are#different#from#themselves.## D)##Children#say#they#have#lots#of#good#friends.### # 10)##Studies#of#friendship#during#middle#childhood#show#that## A)##school-age#children'฀s#friendships#are#less#selective#than#those#of#preschoolers.### B)##the#friendships#of#aggressive#children#often#magnify#antisocial#acts.### C)##friendships#are#highly#unstable#over#the#elementary#and#middle#school#years.### D)##friendships#are#largely#based#on#engaging#in#the#same#activities.#### # 11)##When#classmates#are#asked#to#rate#each#other'฀s#likability,#__________#children#get#many# positive#votes;#whereas,#__________#children#get#many#negative#votes.## A)##controversial;#neglected## B)##neglected;#rejected## C)##popular;#rejected## D)##popular;#neglected### # 12)##When#given#a#peer#acceptance#assessment,#many#of#Michael'฀s#peers#rated#him#positively.# However,#many#also#gave#him#negative#votes.#Michael#would#be#considered#a#(n)#__________# child.## A)##average## B)##controversial## C)##popular## D)##rejected### # 13)##When#Darren'฀s#classmates#are#asked#to#rate#each#other'฀s#likability,#he#received#almost#no# votes,#either#positive#or#negative.#He#would#be#classified#as## A)##average.## B)##controversial.## C)##rejected.## D)##neglected.### #

14)##__________#children#are#at#the#highest#risk#for#poor#school#performance,#antisocial#behavior,# and#delinquency.## A)##Popular## B)##Neglected## C)##Rejected## D)##Controversial### # 15)##Bodie#is#a#rejected-aggressive#child.#Which#characteristic#is#he#likely#to#display?## A)##He#has#strong#social#competence#and#is#friendly#and#cooperative.## B)##He#tends#to#misinterpret#the#innocent#behaviors#of#peers#as#hostile.## C)##He#is#passive,#socially#awkward,#and#overwhelmed#by#social#anxiety.## D)##He#is#athletically-skilled#but#a#poor#student.### # 16)##Which#of#the#following#best#defines#self-efficacy?## A)##The#belief#in#one'฀s#ability#to#cause#an#intended#event#to#happen.## B)##The#belief#that#the#environment#influences#one'฀s#internal#thoughts.## C)##The#belief#that#one#is#responsible#for#their#own#internal#behaviors.## D)##The#belief#in#one'฀s#influence#over#events#which#have#nothing#to#do#with#them.### # 17)##During#the#middle-childhood#years,#disciplinary#interactions#with#parents#typically#decrease# because#a#child#is#more#capable#of#which#of#the#following?## A)##Metacognition### B)##Self-regulation### C)##Person#perception### D)##The#use#of#psychological#constructs#### # 18)##Which#of#the#following#is#the#child'฀s#ability#to#conform#to#parental#standards#of#behavior# without#direct#supervision?## A)##Interdependence## B)##Self-regulation## C)##Self-evaluation## D)##Independence### # 19)##Which#of#the#following#is#an#accurate#description#of#female-male#differences#in#middle# childhood#friendships?## A)##Girls'฀#friendship#groups#are#more#accepting#of#newcomers#than#are#boys'฀#friendship#groups.### B)##Boys'฀#friendship#groups#are#smaller#than#girls'฀#friendship#groups.### C)##Girls#are#more#likely#to#play#in#pairs#or#in#small,#fairly#exclusive#groups.### D)##Boys#spend#more#time#playing#indoors#or#near#home#or#school.#### # 20)##Of#the#following,#which#is#NOT#an#accurate#description#of#the#patterns#of#aggression# observable#among#children#in#middle#childhood?### A)##Physical#aggression#becomes#more#common#among#children#in#middle#childhood.### B)##Girls#are#more#likely#than#boys#to#use#relational#aggression#toward#their#peers.### C)##School-age#boys#often#express#their#approval#for#the#aggressive#behavior#of#peers.### D)##At#every#age,#boys#show#more#physical#aggression#than#girls#do.#### # #

21)##Psychologists#have#begun#to#believe#that#girls#may#not#be#less#aggressive#than#boys,#but# rather#that#girls#may#express#themselves#by#using#which#form#of#aggression#?## A)##"฀Verbal#hostility"฀### B)##"฀Parallel#aggression"฀### C)##"฀Covert#hostility"฀### D)##"฀Relational#aggression"฀#### # 22)##Which#of#the#following#is#the#best#example#of#relational)aggression?### A)##Jonathon#reached#across#the#aisle#and#gave#Iman'฀s#pigtail#a#hard#tug.### B)##Sylvia#lobbed#a#rotten#apple#at#the#boys#in#the#tree#house,#and#they#immediately#began#to# chase#her#down#the#street.### C)##Dawn#yelled#at#her#older#sister,#"฀Get#up!#I'฀m#supposed#to#sit#next#to#Daddy!"฀### D)##Gloria#announced#to#her#friends,#"฀We'฀re#not#going#to#be#friends#with#Sharinda#any#more.#She'฀s# fat!"฀### # 23)##Although#aggressive#children#tend#to#be#disliked#by#their#peers,#they#are#usually#considered# to#be## A)##more#competent.## B)##of#stronger#character.## C)##more#intelligent.## D)##of#higher#social#status.### # 24)##Which#of#the#following#terms#is#used#by#psychologists#to#describe#children#who#are#disliked# and#avoided#by#their#peers?## A)##Repudiated### B)##Rejected### C)##Shunned## D)##Neglected##

#1)##D#2)##A#3)##D#4)##A#5)##C#6)##C#7)##A#8)##A#9)##B#10)##B#11)##C#12)##B#13)##D#14)##C#15)##B#16)##A#17)##B# 18)##B#19)##C#20)##A#21)##D#22)##D#23)##D#24)##B#

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