Pragmatic : Reference and Inference PDF

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Summary

- - - - - - - - - - - a. b. - - Attributive uses: Is when a speaker uses a description attributively to state something about whoever or whatever. The sentence above doesn’t provide specific information. The speaker doesn’t know who Diana’s murderer is. So, Diana’s murderer can be whoever. Referenti...

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a. b. -

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Attributive uses: Is when a speaker uses a description attributively to state something about whoever or whatever. The se te e a o e does ’t pro ide spe ifi i for atio . The speaker does ’t k o

ho Dia a’s

urderer

is. So, Dia a’s murderer can be whoever.

Referential uses: Is when a speaker uses a description referentially to state a description to enable his/her audience to pick out who or what he is talking about and states something about that person or thing. The above sentence shows that the speaker has the information that Diana had been murdered and the murderer had escaped.

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