Predicting products of chemical reactions PDF

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Summary of predicting products of chemical reactions....

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Predicting Compounds SYNTHESIS

- Two or more simpler substances (elements and/or compounds) come together to form a more complex one

A + B ➝ AB

HINTS

- There is only 1 product - Reactants are not solutions - Reactants are not 2 metals TYPES

- M/nm + oxygen ➝ (element name) oxide - M + nm ➝ binary compound - Metal oxide + water ➝ metal hydroxide - Metal oxide + carbon dioxide ➝ metal carbonate - Nonmetal oxide + water ➝ nonmetal oxyacid (make the polyatomic ion, then add hydrogens in front)

(Change name of the polyatomic ion ~ ending “ate” to “ic”)

DECOMPOSITION

- Large molecules split into elements or smaller molecules

AB ➝ A + B

HINTS

- There is only 1 reactant - The only 1 reactant is a compound TYPES

- Binary compound ➝ M + nm - Metal carbonate ➝ (metal name) oxide + carbon dioxide - Metal hydrogen carbonate ➝ metal carbonate + water + carbon dioxide - Metal chlorates ➝ metal chloride + oxygen gas

SINGLE DISPLACEMENT

- One element replaces another element that is in a compound HINTS

A + BC ➝ AC + B A is a metal

- There are two reactants, one of them is an element KEY A + BC ➝ BA + C

- Metals replace metals

A is a nonmetal

- Nonmetals replace nonmetals - Metals replace hydrogen in an acid

DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT

- The cations of 2 different compounds switch places HINTS

- Two reactants and two products

AB + CD ➝ AD + CB

- Both reactants are ionic compounds - Reactants are usually aqueous KEY

- Use solubility table to determine which is precipitate of reaction

TYPES - Metal carbonate + acid ➝ salt + water+ carbon dioxide (combine metal and nonmetal)

COMBUSTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

- Organic compounds burn in oxygen HINTS

- The only two products are carbon dioxide and water - There is a Delta triangle on top of the reaction arrow...