PRODUCTION OF BIO-ETHANOL FROM SUGAR CANE BAGASSE PDF

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PRODUCTION OF BIO-ETHANOL FROM SUGAR CANE BAGASSE [N HEDGE RAO(R101811) & A VENI(R101931), Dept. Chemical Engineering,APIIIT, RK Valley.] INTRODUCTION : What is Bio-Ethanol ? Bio-Ethanol is a byproduct of the metabolic process of yeast. It is present in any yeast habitat and commonly found in an...

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PRODUCTION OF BIO-ETHANOL FROM SUGAR CANE BAGASSE [N HEDGE RAO(R101811) & A VENI(R101931), Dept. Chemical Engineering,APIIIT, RK Valley.]

INTRODUCTION : What is Bio-Ethanol ? Bio-Ethanol is a byproduct of the metabolic process of yeast. It is present in any yeast habitat and commonly found in an overripe fruit. It is also produced during the germination of many plants as a result of natural anerobiosis. physical properties : * It is a volatile, colourless liquid that has a slight odour. * It burns with a smokeless blue flame that is not always visible in normal light. * Due to the presence of its hydroxyl group and the shortness of its carbon chain, it is able to participate in hydrogen bonding, rendering it more viscous and less volatile than less polar organic compounds of similar molecular weight, such as propane.

Laboratory scale production method : Basic Raw Materials : A. Sugar-Cane Bagasse B. Water C. Micro-organism used: Selected strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are commonly employed for fermentation. This is because (a) they grow vigorously, (b) they have high tolerance for alcohol and (c) they have a high capacity for producing a large yield of alcohol. D. Nutrient Agar medium (NAM) E. Nutrient Broth : It is prepared by adding specified composition of Peptone(5g),Beaf extract(3g),NaCl (1g) in 1lit H2O.

Procedure : 1. Soaking the yeast cells for 24 hrs to prepare for culturing. 2. Prepare the Nutrient Agar medium by adding of NAM in Distilled water at sterile conditions and keep it for cooling.

3. Under laminar airflow spread the yeast cells(soaked) and then placed it in incubator for growth of yeast cells in agar medium for 2 days. 4. Select the desired colony of yeast culture for sub-culturing for 2 days. 5. After doing the sub-culture pick the appropriate sites and then placed it into broth(250ml) for pure culturing for 2 days. 6. Take a sugar-cane bagasse sample (100g) (note : which was autoclaved) and add the broth into it along with 250 ml of distilled water then keep it for 72hrs for fermentation . 7. Then we can extract the desired product ie., ethanol from bagasse – yeast composition by doing simple distillation. Otherwise we can estimate the compositions of all components which are present in it by doing Gas chromatography(GC). 8. Estimate the sugar composition in raw sugar-cane bagasse by Benedict test . 9. Finally we can estimate the production and extraction efficiency of BioEthanol from sugarcane bagasse by some simple calculations. Benedict Test Ingredients: crystalline sodium carbonate =8g crystalline sodium citrate =5g potassium thiocyanate =3.125g distilled water crystalline copper sulphate =0.45g Potassium Ferrocyanide solution = 5g Preparation of solutions 1. Preparation of benedict reagent: Take conical flask and add crystalline sodium carbonate(5g),crystalline sodium citrate(5g) and potassium thiocyanate (3.1g) in 20 ml of hot water. Fillter the above solution then cool it to the ambient temparature. Prepare a cupper sulphate solution of 0.45g in 0.25ml of distilled water,after mixing pore it into the previous solution.Add 5% of Potassium ferrocyanide solution(0.1-0.5ml). Finally dillute the solution with 25ml of distilled water. 2. Preparation of known amount of standard sucorse solution: Take 5g of sucorse in 100ml of water. 3. Praparation of unknown amount of sucrose solution. 2g of bagasse in 100 ml of water then soking it 24 hrs. Then fillter the solution from the bagasse. Titration Take conical flask and add 1.5 g of Na2Co3 and 10ml of benedict reagent along with 10ml distilled water and 50ml of standard sucrose solution taken in burette for titration under heating conditions.Initially benedict solution is in blue color while titratting it with the sucrose solution that color vanished,there we can note down the reading to calculate the volume of sucrose in given unknown solution.

Equipments Used : Laminar flow cabinet A laminar flow cabinet or laminar flow closet or tissue culture hood is a carefully enclosed bench designed to prevent contamination of semiconductor wafers, biological samples, or any particle sensitive materials. It contains : Laminar flow : To prevent the micro organisms which are enter into laminar air flow form atmosphere while operating. Florocent lamp : Lighting purpose. UVC-germicidal lamp : Laminar flow cabinets may have a uvc- germicidal lamp to sterilize the interior and contents when not in use. (It is important to switch this light off during use, to limit exposure to skin and eyes as stray ultraviolet light emissions can cause cancer and cataracts.We need to switch on the uv light for 15 minutes before using. Autoclave: An autoclave is a pressure chamber used to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure saturated steam at 121 °C (249°F) for around 15–20 minutes depending on the size of the load and the contents. Incubator: An incubator is a device used to grow and maintain microbiological cultures or cell cultures. The incubator maintains optimal temperature, humidity and other conditions such as the carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen content of the atmosphere inside....