Project - Blood Typing, Venn Diagram PDF

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This was a quick math project and I hope it is useful and/or helps those in need struggling with the Venn Diagram Methods....

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Blood Typing Project Mayra Haroldsen Math 107 11 January 2022

Project: Blood Typing In the early 1900s, the Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner discovered that all blood is not the same. Blood serum drawn from one person font clumped when mixed with the blood cells of another. The clumping was caused by different antigens, proteins, and carbohydrates that trigger antibodies and fight infection. Landsteiner classified blood types based on the presence or absence of the antigens A, B, and Rh in blood cells. The Venn diagram in the figure below contains eight regions representing the eight common blood groups.

In the Venn diagram, blood with the Rh antigen is labeled positive and blood lacking the Rh antigen is labeled negative. The region where the three circles intersect represents type AB +, indicating that a person with this blood type has the antigens A, B, and Rh. Observe that type O blood (both positive and negative) lacks A and B antigens. Type O - lacks all three antigens, A, B, and Rh. In blood transfusions, the recipient must have all or more of the antigens present in the donor’s blood. This discovery rescued surgery patients from random, often lethal transfusions. This knowledge made the massive blood drives during World War I possible. Eventually, it made the modern blood bank possible as well. Complete each question below, taking care to justify clearly your reasoning as to why you selected your answer. Grading For Project Question 1: answer and justification

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Question 1: answer and justification

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Question 1: answer and justification

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Work through each question below, typing your answer in the space provided (you can take out extra space if you have it!): Question 1: What is the blood type of a universal recipient? Explain in reference to the explanation above and in terms of the Venn diagram.

Anyone who has AB+ blood type can receive blood from any of the donated blood types. This being A+, A-, AB+ AB-, B+, B-, O+, and O-. The Venn Diagram shows it above because AB+ is in the center of the A, B, and Rh blood regions. It is in common with all the other elements in the A, B, and Rh circles.

Question 2: What is the blood type of a universal donor? Explain in reference to the explanation above and in terms of the Venn diagram.

The universal donor is O-. The Venn Diagram shows that O- can give to all blood types. This is the blood type that isn't included in the Venn Diagram, making it compatible with all the other blood types to give blood but it can only receive from another O-

Question 3: Answer and explain in the mathematical context. a. Can an A + person donate blood to an A - person? No, the A+ cannot donate to an A- person because, in the Venn Diagram, it shows that A+ is only in the region where that specific blood type can only donate to AB+ and itself.

b. Can an A - person donate blood to an A + person? Yes, the A- person can donate to an A+ person because A+ contains both A and Rh antigens, as shown in the Venn Diagram. This makes it possible for A+ to receive from either A- and O+ because A + is in the shared region of both A and Rh circles.

Reflect: What is your potential impact in a crisis? Are you a universal donor? Are you a + or -?...