PSY3190- lec 7 notes PDF

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PSY3190- Addiction Studies Lecture 7- 16/09/2020 Behavioural Addictions

The notion of behavioural addictions:

The notion of behavioural addictions: gambling

Other behavioural addictions: Internet?

Sex? Sex “addiction” may be better described as a sexual behaviour that is… compulsive and yet continues despite adverse consequences (Brewer & Tidy, 2017). It’s characterised by craving, impulsivity, social/occupational impairment, and psychiatric comorbidity, with a male predominance (Kraus, Voon & Potenza, 2016).

Food? Food “addiction” is loosely defined as… hedonic eating behaviour involving the consumption of highly palatable foods (ie, foods high in salt, fat, and sugar) in quantities beyond homeostatic energy requirements (Kalon et al., 2016). It is associated with negative affect, emotion dysregulation, stress, lower self- esteem and is comorbid with mood disorders (Yau et al., 2014).

Overview of cognitive measures:

Neurocognitive findings: gambling Before we dive into the specifics, an overview of some consistent findings: •

Deficits in decision-making and reward learning (both reward and loss processing)

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Potential dysfunction in striatal dopamine release could contribute to the motivation to gamble

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Attentional bias to gambling cues and difficulty disengaging attentional focus

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Atypical cue-induced activity and functional connectivity in bilateral insula, ventral striatum, and medial PFC

What motivates gambling behaviour? Insight into dopamine’s role

Future directions:...