Pub101 - Lecture notes 9/27 PDF

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notes taken from lecture September 27 2018 prof. Kruger...

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What is SES? ● A composite measure that typically incorporates economic status, measured by income, social status measured by income Behavior and the social environment ● Most important predictor of health is SES ● Health also affected by gender, marital status, race, and ethnicity ● U.S. racial and ethnic minorities have poorer health than whites. ● Health disparities are a big concern Zip code can determine your life expectancy* ● Some neighborhoods better than others because of racial discrimination ● Countries with the highest income inequality have a very low life expectancy ● Our life expectancy ranks 43rd Why the effect of SES? ● Nutrition ● Sanitation ● Physical enviornment ● Levels of healthy behavior ● Access to medical care Stress ● ● ● ●

Mortality increase after death of a spouse, loss of job When stressed, immunity levels decrease Increased risk of heart disease and common cold More daily hassles at lower SES

Social support …. Psychological models of health behavior: health belief model ● ● ●

I am vulnerable to the threat The threat is serious By taking action, i can protect myself

: Self - efficacy ● The sense of having control over one’s life ● Increased by previous successful performance ● Increased by seeing others perform : transtheoretical model ● Process involves progress through five stages

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Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance

Ecological model of Health Behavior ● Describes 5 levels of influence that determine health related behavior ● Intrapersonal level- psychology ● Interpersonal level-family,friends,coworkers ● Institutional level-school,workplace ● Community level-churches, ● Policy level-government regulations (school lunch programs) Ex. of health promotion program: hiv prevention ● Hiv prevention in san francisco in the 1980s ● Targeted different levels of influence- intrapersonal (i am suseptible to infection) ● Interpersonal- my friends support new behavior ● Community- educatoinal programs for bartenders in gay bars, distribution of condoms ● Public policy- free confidential hiv testing Changing the environment ● Bike lane ● Airbag ● Seatbelt ● Reduce speed on highway Video ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Barber shop safe haven for black men Get away from stress from work and homelife Don't feel threatened or threatening Conversation is the essence of barber shop Talked about their doctors’ diagnosis Stop smoking, reduce hbp (40% black men have it) More black men die from hbp from anything else Why?- untreated and undertreated bc of lack of primary care Doctors office- feeling of fear, disrespect, distrust Trust barber with secrets and life as well as looks Free haircut along with health screeining (project brotherhood) Barbers taught how to take blood pressure and refer black men to doctors...