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Q&AContract LawQ&AContract LawRichard StoneAdditional content suppliedby Stephen BunburyRoutlege Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORKROUTLEDGEEleventh edition published 2015 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RNand by Routledge 711 Third Avenu...

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Q&A Contract Law

Routledge Questions & Answers Series Each Routledge Q&A contains questions on topics commonly found on exam papers, with comprehensive suggested answers. The titles are written by lecturers who are also examiners, so the student gains an important insight into exactly what examiners are looking for in an answer. This makes them excellent revision and practice guides.

Titles in the series: Q&A Company Law Q&A Commercial Law Q&A Contract Law Q&A Criminal Law Q&A Employment Law Q&A English Legal System Q&A Equity and Trusts Q&A European Union Law Q&A Evidence Q&A Family Law Q&A Intellectual Property Law Q&A Jurisprudence Q&A Land Law Q&A Medical Law Q&A Public Law Q&A Torts For a full listing, visit www.routledge.com/cw/revision

Q&A Contract Law

Richard Stone Additional content supplied by Stephen Bunbury

Eleventh edition published 2015 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2015 Richard Stone The right of Richard Stone to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. First edition published by Cavendish Publishing 1993 Tenth edition published by Routledge 2013 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Stone, Richard, 1951 March 7Q&A Contract law / Richard Stone. – Eleventh Edition. pages cm – (Questions and answers) Summary: “Routledge Q&As give you the tools to practice and refine your exam technique, showing you how to apply your knowledge to maximum effect in an exam situation. Each book contains essay and problem-based questions on the most commonly examined topics, complete with expert guidance and fully worked model answers. The series is also supported by an online resource that allows you to test your progress during the run-up to exams. Features include: multiple choice questions, bonus Q&As and podcasts. www.routledge.com/ cw/revision”– Provided by publisher. 1. Contracts–England. 2. Contracts–England–Problems, exercises, etc. I. Title. II. Title: Contract law. III. Title: Questions and answers Contract law. KD1554.S76 2015 346.4202⬘2076–dc23 2014023954 ISBN: 978-1-138-77907-5 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-77154-0 (ebk) Typeset in TheSans by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear

Contents Table of Cases Table of Legislation Guide to the Companion Website Introduction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Offer and Acceptance Intention and Consideration Privity Contents of the Contract Exclusion Clauses Mistake and Misrepresentation Duress and Undue Influence Illegality Frustration Performance and Breach Remedies

Index

vii xv xvii 1 5 29 51 63 81 99 119 141 155 169 183 205

Table of Cases

Achilleas, The, see Transfield Shipping Inc v Mercator Shipping Inc— Adams v Lindsell (1818) 1 B & Ald 681; 106 ER 250 5, 7, 9, 10, 13 Ailsa Craig Fishing Co Ltd v Malvern Fishing Co Ltd, The Strathallan [1981] UKHL 12; [1983] 1 WLR 964, HL 96, 97 Alaskan Trader, The, see Clea Shipping Corporation v Bulk Oil International Ltd— Alfred McAlpine Construction Ltd v Panatown Ltd [2000] UKHL 43; [2001] 1 AC 518, HL 56, 58 Andrews Bros (Bournemouth) Ltd v Singer & Co Ltd [1934] 1 KB 17; [1933] All ER Rep 479, CA 88, 91, 93 Apple Corps Ltd v Apple Computer Inc [2004] EWHC 768; [2004] 2 CLC 720 11, 15, 17 Appleby v Myers (1867) LR 2 CP 651 158, 160, 161, 163–4 Arcos Ltd v EA Ronaasen & Son [1933] UKHL 1; [1933] AC 470, HL 78–9, 173 Ashington Piggeries Ltd v Christopher Hill Ltd [1972] AC 441; [1971] 2 WLR 1051 78, 80 Associated Japanese Bank (International) v Crédit du Nord SA [1988] 3 All ER 902; [1989] 1 WLR 255 105, 107 Atlas Express Ltd v Kafco (Importers and Distributors) Ltd [1989] QB 833; [1989] 1 All ER 614, HC 42, 43 Attorney General v R [2003] UKPC 22; [2003] EMLR 24; [2004] 2 NZLR 577, PC 121, 122–3, 125–8, 131, 133

Attwood v Lamont [1920] 3 KB 571, CA 149, 151 Attwood v Small [1838] UKHL J60; (1838) 6 Cl & F 232; 7 ER 684 114–15 BCCI v Aboody, see Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Aboody— BP Exploration Co (Libya) Ltd v Hunt (No. 2) [1983] 2 AC 352; [1982] 2 WLR 253, HL 155, 158, 161, 163, 168 Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571, CA 29, 32, 34, 35, 48, 49 Balfour Beatty Construction (Scotland) Ltd v Scottish Power Plc 1994 SC 20; 1994 SLT 807, HL 192, 193 Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Aboody [1990] 1 QB 923; [1989] 2 WLR 759, CA 123, 126, 128, 131–2, 134 Bannerman v White (1861) 10 CB (NS) 844; 142 ER 685 69, 70–1, 74–5 Barclays Bank Plc v O’Brien [1993] UKHL 6; [1994] 1 AC 180; [1993] 4 All ER 417, HL; [1993] EWCA Civ 11; [1993] QB 109; [1993] 3 WLR 780, CA 125, 129, 131–2, 135–8 Barton v Armstrong [1973] UKPC 2; [1976] AC 104; [1975] 2 WLR 1050, PC (Aus) 126–7, 133 Bell v Lever Bros [1931] UKHL 2; [1932] AC 161, HL 99, 102, 103, 104–5, 107 Beswick v Beswick [1968] AC 58; [1967] 3 WLR 932, HL 52, 53, 55, 59–62, 190 Bettini v Gye (1875–76) LR 1 QBD 183 171, 179

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Table of Cases

Bisset v Wilkinson [1926] UKPC 1; [1927] AC 177; [1926] All ER Rep 343, PC (NZ) 102, 115 Bolton v Mahadeva [1972] EWCA Civ 5; [1972] 1 WLR 1009, CA 175, 177 Brennan v Bolt Burdon [2004] EWCA Civ 1017; [2005] QB 303; [2004] 3 WLR 1321, CA 101 Brimnes, The [1975] QB 929; [1974] 3 All ER 88 21, 22 Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag Stahl und Stahlwarenhandels GmbH [1983] 2 AC 34; [1982] 2 WLR 264 21, 22 British Crane Hire Corporation Ltd v Ipswich Plant Hire Ltd [1975] QB 303; [1974] 2 WLR 856, CA 65 British Reinforced Concrete Engineering Co Ltd v Schelff [1921] Ch 563 147–8 British Steel Corporation v Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Co Ltd [1984] 1 All ER 504 200, 202 British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co Ltd v Underground Electric Railways Co of London Ltd [1912] AC 673, HL 185, 187, 192, 193, 196, 198 Brogden v Metropolitan Railway (1877) LR 2 App Cas 666, HL 14, 15, 17 Bunge Corporation v Tradax Export SA [1981] UKHL 11; [1981] 1 WLR 711, HL 172 Butler Machine Tool v Ex-Cell-O Corporation [1979] 1 WLR 401; [1979] 1 All ER 695, CA 14, 15, 16 Butterworth v Kingsway Motors Ltd [1954] 1 WLR 1286; [1954] 2 All ER 694 200, 202 Byrne & Co v Leon van Tienhoven & Co (1880) LR 5 CPD 344 25, 26 CIBC Mortgages Plc v Pitt [1993] UKHL 7; [1994] 1 AC 200; [1993] 4 All ER 433, HL 121 CTN Cash and Carry Ltd v Gallaher Ltd [1994] EWCA Civ 174; [1994] 4 All ER 174, CA 121, 122–3, 129

Canada Steamship Lines Ltd v The King [1952] AC 192; [1952] 1 All ER 305, PC (Can) 91, 93 Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co [1892] EWCA Civ 1; [1893] 1 QB 256, CA 16 Casey’s Patents, Re, sub nom Stewart v Casey [1892] 1 Ch 104, CA 33 Central London Property Trust Ltd v High Trees House Ltd [1947] KB 130; [1956] 1 All ER 256 30, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 48, 50 Chandler v Webster [1904] 1 KB 493, CA 158, 161–2 Chapelton v Barry Urban District Council [1940] 1 KB 532, CA 91–2 Chaplin v Hicks [1911] 2 KB 786, CA 192, 194 Chappell & Co v Nestlé & Co [1960] AC 87; [1959] 3 WLR 168, HL 29 City and Westminster Properties (1934) Ltd v Mudd [1959] Ch 129; [1958] 3 WLR 312 74, 76 Clarke v Newland [1991] 1 All ER 397, CA 149, 151, 154 Clea Shipping Corporation v Bulk Oil International Ltd, The Alaskan Trader (No. 2) [1984] 1 All ER 129; [1983] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 645 188 Clifford Davis Management Ltd v WEA Records Ltd [1975] 1 All ER 237; [1975] 1 WLR 61, CA 151–2 Collier v P & MJ Wright (Holdings) Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 1329; [2008] 1 WLR 643, CA 39, 40, 42 Combe v Combe [1951] 2 KB 215; [1951] 1 All ER 767, CA 30, 38, 43, 45 Condor v The Barron Knights Ltd [1966] 1 WLR 87 165, 167 Cooper v Phibbs [1867] UKHL 1; (1867) LR 2 HL 149, HL 200, 201 Cooperative Insurance Society Ltd v Argyll Stores (Holdings) Ltd [1997] UKHL 17; [1998] AC 1; [1997] 2 WLR 898, HL 189, 190 Courtney & Fairbairn Ltd v Tolaini Brothers (Hotels) Ltd [1975] 1 All ER 716; [1975] 1 WLR 297, CA 200, 202

Table of Cases

Couturier v Hastie [1856] UKHL J3; (1852) 8 Exch 40; 10 ER 1065 101 Crédit Lyonnais Bank Nederland NV v Burch [1996] EWCA Civ 1292; [1997] 1 All ER 144, CA 126, 128, 137 Cricklewood Property & Investment Trust Ltd v Leighton’s Investment Trust Ltd [1945] AC 221; [1945] 1 All ER 525, HL 157, 158 Cundy v Lindsay (1878) LR 3 App Cas 459, HL 108–11 Cutter v Powell [1795] EWHC KB J13; (1795) 6 Term Rep 320; 101 ER 573, KB 169, 175, 176–7, 178 D & C Builders Ltd v Rees [1965] EWCA Civ 3; [1966] 2 QB 617; [1966] 2 WLR 28, CA 30, 38, 40, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50 Darlington Borough Council v Wiltshier Northern Ltd [1995] 1 WLR 68, CA 56 Daulia Ltd v Four Millbank Nominees Ltd [1978] Ch 231; [1978] 2 WLR 621, CA 11, 12, 13, 25, 27 Davis Contractors Ltd v Fareham Urban DC [1956] UKHL 3; [1956] AC 696, HL 158, 166 Denne v Light (1857) 8 DM & G 774; 44 ER 588 189, 190 Derry v Peek [1889] UKHL 1; (1889) LR 14 App Cas 337; (1889) 5 TLR 625, HL 114, 116 Dick Bentley Productions Ltd v Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd [1965] EWCA Civ 2; [1965] 1 WLR 623, CA 69, 70, 72, 74–5 Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch D 463, CA 25, 26, 27 Dimmock v Hallett (1866) LR 2 Ch App 21; 31 JP 163; 36 LJ Ch 146 69, 72 Dimskal Shipping Co SA v International Transport Workers Federation, The Evia Luck [1992] 2 AC 152; [1991] 3 WLR 875; [1992] Lloyd’s Rep 115, HL 127 Director General of Fair Trading v First National Bank Plc [2002] UKHL 52; [2002] 1 AC 481;[2002] 3 WLR 1297, HL 89

ix

Doyle v Olby (Ironmongers) Ltd [1969] EWCA Civ 2; [1969] 2 QB 158; [1969] 2 WLR 673, CA 117 Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge & Co Ltd [1915] AC 79, HL 33, 34, 52, 53, 60 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) LR 29 Ch D 459, CA 102, 114–15 Edwards v Skyways [1964] 1 WLR 349; [1964] 1 All ER 494 29, 33 Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corporation [1955] 2 QB 327; [1955] 3 WLR 48, CA 21 Errington v Errington and Woods [1952] 1 KB 290; [1952] 1 All ER 149, CA 11, 13, 25, 27 Eurymedon, The, see New Zealand Shipping Co Ltd v A M Satterthwaite & Co Ltd, The Eurymedon— Evans & Son Ltd v Andrea Merzario Ltd, see J Evans & Son (Portsmouth) Ltd v Andrea Merzario Ltd— Evia Luck, The, see Dimskal Shipping Co SA v International Transport Workers Federation, The Evia Luck— Farley v Skinner [2001] UKHL 49; [2002] 2 AC 732; [2001] 3 WLR 899, HL 183, 185, 197 Felthouse v Bindley [1862] EWHC CP J35; (1863) 1 NR 401 5, 7 Fibrosa Spolka Akcyjna v Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd [1942] UKHL 4, [1943] AC 32; [1942] 2 All ER 122, HL 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162–3, 168, 200, 201 Flavell, Re (1884) LR 25 Ch D 89, CA 53, 55 Foakes v Beer (1883–84) LR 9 App Cas 605, HL 3, 30, 36, 39–42, 48, 50 Gamerco SA v ICM/Fair Warning (Agency) Ltd [1995] EWHC QB 1; [1995] 1 WLR 1226 163

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Table of Cases

George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd [1982] EWCA Civ 5; [1983] 2 AC 803; [1983] 3 WLR 163, CA 83–5 Gibson v Manchester City Council [1979] UKHL 6; [1979] 1 WLR 294, HL 15 Glasbrook Bros Ltd v Glamorgan County Council [1925] AC 270, HL 48, 49 Goldsoll v Goldman [1915] 1 Ch 292, CA 146, 148 Granville Oil & Chemicals Ltd v Davis Turner & Co Ltd [2003] EWCA Civ 570; [2003] Lloyd’s Rep 356, CA 89, 98 Great Peace Shipping Ltd v Tsavliris Salvage (International) Ltd, The Great Peace [2002] EWCA Civ 1407; [2003] QB 679; [2002] 3 WLR 1617, CA 99, 103, 105, 107, 108 Hadley v Baxendale [1854] EWHC Exch J70; (1854) 9 Exch 341; 156 ER 145 185, 186, 187, 191, 192, 193, 196, 198 Hall v Woolston Hall Leisure Ltd [2000] EWCA Civ 170; [2001] 1 WLR 225, CA 143, 144–5 Harnett v Yielding (1805) 2 Sch & Lef 549 189, 190 Hartley v Ponsonby (1857) 7 E & B 872 46 Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd [1964] AC 465; [1963] 3 WLR 101, HL 63, 69, 72, 100, 114 Henthorn v Fraser [1892] 2 Ch 27, CA 7, 9 Herbert Morris Ltd v Saxelby [1916] 1 AC 688; [1916–17] All ER Rep 305, HL 151, 153 Herne Bay Steam Boat Co v Hutton [1903] 2 KB 683, CA 155, 157, 158, 165, 166–7 Heron II, The, see Koufos v Czarnikow Ltd— Hill v CA Parsons & Co [1972] 1 Ch 305; [1971] 1 WLR 995, CA 189, 190 Hoenig v Isaacs [1952] EWCA Civ 6; [1952] 2 All ER 176, CA 169, 175, 176, 177 Holwell Securities Ltd v Hughes [1974] 1 WLR 155, CA 7, 9, 11, 13

Hong Kong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd [1961] EWCA Civ 7; [1962] 2 QB 26; [1962] 2 WLR 474, CA 170, 172–3, 174, 179, 181 Howard Marine Dredging Co Ltd v A Ogden & Sons (Excavations) Ltd [1977] EWCA Civ 3; [1978] QB 574; [1978] 2 WLR 515, CA 73, 116 Hughes v Metropolitan Railway Co (1877) LR 2 App Cas 439, HL 30, 37, 41 Hutton v Warren [1836] EWHC Exch J61; (1836) 1 M & W 466; 150 ER 517 65, 66 Hyde v Wrench (1840) 3 Beav 334; 49 ER 132 7, 8 Ingram v Little [1960] EWCA Civ 1; [1961] 1 QB 31; [1960] 3 WLR 504, CA 101, 103, 109–12 Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] QB 433; [1988] 2 WLR 615, CA 64 J Evans & Son (Portsmouth) Ltd v Andrea Merzario Ltd [1976] 1 WLR 1078; 2 Lloyd’s Rep 165, CA 74–6 Jackson v Horizon Holidays [1975] 1 WLR 1468, CA 53, 55, 56, 57, 58 Jackson v Royal Bank of Scotland [2005] UKHL 3; [2005] 1 WLR 337, HL 183, 184, 185, 187, 196, 198 Jewson Ltd v Boyhan [2003] EWCA Civ 1030, CA 78, 80 Kelly v Solari (1841) 9 M & W 54; (1841) 11 LJ Ex 10; [1835–42] All ER Rep 320, Exch Ct 200, 201 King’s Norton Metal Co Ltd v Edridge (1897) 14 TLR 98 101 Koufos v Czarnikow Ltd, The Heron II [1969] 1 AC 350; [1967]3 WLR 1491, HL 183, 185, 187, 192, 193 Krell v Henry [1903] 2 KB 740, CA 155, 161, 162, 165, 166 L’Estrange v Graucob [1934] 2 KB 394, CA 83–4, 88, 92 Laemthong International Lines Co Ltd v Artis, The Laemthong Glory (No 2)

Table of Cases

[2005] EWCA Civ 510; [2005] 2 All ER (Comm) 167, CA 54, 61 Lampleigh v Braithwait [1615] EWHC KB J17; (1615) Hob 105; 80 ER 255 33 Lauritzen A/S v Wijsmuller BV, The Super Servant Two [1990] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 1, CA 155, 157, 159 Les Affréteurs Réunis v Walford [1919] AC 801 62 Lewis v Averay [1971] EWCA Civ 4; [1972] 1 QB 198; [1971] 3 WLR 603, CA 103, 109, 111 Linden Gardens v Lenesta Sludge Disposals Ltd [1993] 3 WLR 408 55, 56, 57, 58 Littlewoods Organisation v Harris [1978] 1 All ER 1026; [1977] 1 WLR 1472 146, 149, 151, 153–4 Liverpool City Council v Irwin [1977] AC 236; [1976] 2 All ER 39, HL 63, 64, 65, 66–8 Lloyd’s v Harper (1880) 16 Ch D 290 55, 57 Lloyds Bank v Bundy [1974] EWCA Civ 8; [1975] QB 326; [1974] 3 All ER 757, CA 120–1, 123–4 Lumley v Gye (1853) 2 E & B 216 52 McArdle, Re [1951] 1 All ER 905 31, 32, 33 McCutcheon v David McBrayne Ltd [1964] UKHL 4; [1964] 1 WLR 125, HL 83 Maredelamto Compania Naviera SA v Bergbau-Handel GmbH, The Mihalis Angelos [1970] EWCA Civ 4; [1971] 1 QB 164; [1970] 3 All ER 125, CA 173 Maritime National Fish Ltd v Ocean Trawlers Ltd [1935] UKPC 1; [1935] AC 524, PC 155, 157, 159 Mason v Provident Clothing Co [1913] AC 724; 82 LJ KB 1153; [1911–13] All ER Rep 400 151, 154 Merritt v Merritt [1970] EWCA Civ 6; [1970] 1 WLR 1211, CA 35, 49 Metropolitan Water Board v Dick Kerr & Co Ltd [1917] UKHL 2; [1918] AC 119, HL 157, 159

xi

Mihalis Angelos, The, see Maredelamto Compania Naviera SA v BergbauHandel, The Mihalis Angelos— Moorcock, The (1889) 14 PD 64, CA 63, 64, 65, 66–8 Moore & Co and Landauer & Co, Re [1921] 2 KB 519 78–9 National Carriers Ltd v Panalpina (Northern) Ltd [1980] UKHL 8, [1981] AC 675; [1981] 2 WLR 45, HL 157, 158 National Westminster Bank Plc v Morgan [1985] UKHL 2; [1985] 1 AC 686, HL 121, 124 New Zealand Shipping Co Ltd v A M Satterthwaite & Co Ltd, The Eurymedon [1974] UKPC 1; [1975] AC 154; [1974] 2 WLR 865, PC 48, 49, 53, 55 Nordenfelt v Maxim Nordenfelt Guns and Ammunition Co Ltd [1894] AC 535, HL 146, 147–8, 151–2 Olley v Marlborough Court Ltd [1949] 1 KB 532; [1949] 1 All ER 127, CA 83–4, 91–2, 96 Oscar Chess Ltd v Williams [1956] EWCA Civ 5; [1957] 1 WLR 370, CA 74–5 Overseas Medical Supplies Ltd v Orient Transport Services Ltd [1999] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 273 85, 94 Panayiotou v Sony Music Entertainment (UK) Ltd [1994] Ch D 142 154 Pao On v Lau Yiu Long [1980] AC 614; [1979] 3 All ER 65 29, 31, 32, 33, 121, 122, 126–7, 131, 133 Parker v South Eastern Railway Co (1877) LR 2 CPD 416, CA 84, 88, 92 Parkinson v College of Ambulance Ltd [1925] 2 KB 1 143, 144 Parsons (Livestock) Ltd v Uttley Ingham & Co Ltd [1978] QB 791; [1977] 3 WLR 990, CA 185, 187, 194 Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204; [1968] 2 All ER 421 20, 21, 22 Payne v Cave (1789) 3 TR 148 8, 20, 22

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Table of Cases

Payzu Ltd v Saunders [1919] 2 KB 581, CA 185, 187, 196, 198 Phillips v Brooks Ltd [1919] 2 KB 243 108–10 Photo Production Ltd v Securicor Transport Ltd [1980] UKHL 2; [1980] AC 827, [1980] 1 All ER 556, HL 91, 93, 96 Pickfords Ltd v Celestica Ltd [2003] EWCA Civ 1741 7, 8, 9, 15, 17 Pinnel’s Case (1602) 5 Co Rep 117; 77 ER 237 30, 36, 40, 42, 48, 50 Post Chaser, The [1981] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 695 45, 48, 50 Poussard v Spiers & Pond (1875–76) LR 1 QBD 410 171, 179 Powell v Brent London Borough Council [1987] IRLR 446; [1988] ICR 176, CA 189, 190 Price v Strange [1978] Ch 337; [1977] 3 WLR 943, CA 189, 190 Pym v Campbell (1856) 6 E & B 370 12 Quenerduaine v Cole (1883) 32 WR 185

9

R & B Customs Brokers v United Dominions Trust Ltd [1987] EWCA Civ 3; [1988] 1 WLR 321, CA 89, 95, 97 Raffles v Wichelhaus [1864] EWHC Exch J19; (1864) 2 H & C 906; 159 ER 375 101, 102, 104–7 Regus (UK) Ltd v Epcot Solutions Ltd [2008] EWCA Civ 361, CA 98 Rice (t/a Garden Guardian) v Great Yarmouth Borough Council [2000] All ER (D) 902; [2003] TCLR 1 179, 180, 181 Robinson v Harman (1848) 1 Exch 850; 154 ER 363 185, 192, 196, 197, 200 Routledge v Grant (1828) 4 Bing 653; 130 ER 920 13, 25, 26 Routledge v McKay [1954] EWCA Civ 8; [1954] 1 WLR 615, CA 70, 72, 74–5 Rowland v Divall [1923] 2 KB 500, CA 200, 202 Royal Bank of Scotland Plc v Etridge (No. 2) [2001] UKHL 44; [2002] 2 AC 773; [2001] 3 WLR 1021, HL 121, 123–4, 125–6, 128–9, 131–2, 134, 135–8

Royscot Trust Ltd v Rogerson [1991] EWCA Civ 12; [1991] 2 QB 297; [1991] 3 All ER 294, CA 116 Ruxley Electronics and Construction Ltd v Forsyth; Laddingford Enclosures Ltd v Forsyth [1995] UKHL 8; [1996] AC 344; [1995] 3 WLR 118, HL 195,196, 197 Schroeder Music Publishing Co Ltd v Macaulay [1974] 3 All ER 616; [1974] 1 WLR 1308, HL 150, 151–2 Schuler AG v Wickman Machine Tool Sales Ltd [1974] UKHL 2, [1974] AC 235; [1973] 2 All ER 39, HL 172, 179, 180 Shadwell v Shadwell (1860) 9 CBNS 159; 142 ER 62 49 Shanklin Pier Ltd v Detel Products Ltd [1951] 2 KB 854; [1951] 2 All ER 471 53, 55, 62, 69, 70 –1 Shell UK Ltd v Lostock Garages Ltd [1976] 1 WLR 1187; [1977] 1 All ER 481 65, 189, 190 Shirlaw v Southern Foundries Ltd [1939] 2 KB 206 65, 66 Shogun Finance Ltd v Hudson [2003] UKHL 62; [2004] 1 AC 919; [2003] 3 WLR 1371, HL 108–11 Simpkins v Pays [1955] 3 All ER 10; [1955] 1 WLR 975 31, 32, 34, 35 Smith v Eric S Bush (a firm) [1990] UKHL 1; [1990] 1 AC 831, HL 81, 88 Smith v Hughes (1871) LR 6 QB 597; (1871) 19 WR 1059 104–6 Spurling Ltd v Bradshaw [1956] EWCA Civ 3; [1956] 1 WLR 461, CA 83–4 Stevenson Jaques & Co v McLean (1880) 5 QBD 346 7, 8, 16 Stilk v Myrick [1809] EWHC KB J58; (1809) 2 Camp 317 29, 43, 44, 46 Storer v Manchester City Council [1974] 3 All ER 824, CA 15 Sumpter v Hedges [1898] 1 QB 673 177 Super Servant Two, The, see Lauritzen A/S v Wijsmuller BV, The Super Servant Two—

Table of Cases

Taylor v Caldwell [1863] EWHC QB J1; (1863) 3 B & S 826; 122 ER 309 157, 158, 165, 166 Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd [1970] EWCA Civ 2; [1971] 2 QB 163; [1971] 2 WLR 585, CA 91–2 Tool Metal Manufacturi...