Qualitative Tests ON Alkenes AND Halogenoalkanes PDF

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Qualitative Tests ON Alkenes AND Halogenoalkanes...

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QUALI TATI VETESTSON ALKENESAND HALOGENOALKANES I NTRODUCTI ON Thea i m oft hi sac t i vi t yi st ohe l pyoue xper i e nc et hec he mi c a lr e a c t i onsofs ome f unc t i ona lgr oups . Thi swor kmus tbes uppor t e dbyr e s e a r c hi nt ot hec ompounds , f unc t i ona lgr oupsa ndt he i rt ypi c a lr e ac t i ons . RI SK ASSESSMENT Mos tor gani cc ompoundsa r ehaz ar dousf orva r i ousr ea s ons , s o: • • • • •

Ke e pa wa yf r om na ke dfla me s-us ewa t e rba t hsorhe a t i ngma nt l e sf orhe a t i ng; Avoi dc ont ac twi t hs ki n; Ke e pc or ksont e s tt ube sofor gani cc ompoundswhe nnoti nus e ; Us eve r ys ma l la mount s ; Re pl a c ebot t l et opsi mme di a t e l ya f t e rus e . EYEPROTECTI ON, LABCOATSAND GLOVESMUS TBEWORN DO NOTPOURANYCHEMI CALSDOWN THESI NK,A S PECI ALWAS TE BOTTLEWI LLBEPROVI DED I N THEFUMECUPBOARD.

1 . REACTI ON OFA DOUBLEBOND Putas ma l la mountofbr omi nedi s s ol ve di na nor ga ni cs ol ve nt( nonaque ous )i nt oa t e s tt ube . Adddr opsoft hec ompoundt ha tc ont a i nst hedoubl ebonda nds ha ke ge nt l y . Q

Wha ta l ke nedi dyouus e( na meandf or mul a ) ?

Q

Wha tha ppe nst ot hec ol ouroft hebr omi ne ?

Doubl ebondsc a nunder goa ddi t i onr e a c t i ons .I nt he s er e a c t i onst hedoubl ebond i sope ne di nt oas i ngl ebonda nda t oms( gr oups )a r ea dde de i t he rs i deoft hebond.

2 .

REACTI ONSOFHALOGENOALKANES

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Fort hi se xpe r i me nty ouwi l lne e dSI Xt e s tt ube s .

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Ar r a nget hr e et e s tt ube si nar o wa nda dd5dr opsof1 c hl or obut a net ot hefir s tt ube , 1 br omobut a net ot hes e c ond, a nd2 c hl or o2 me t hyl pr opa net ot het hi r d.

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Add2c m3ofe t ha nolt oe a c ht e s tt ubet oa c ta sas ol ve nt .Theha l oge noa l ka ne sdonot di s s ol vei nwa t e rbutt he ydodi s s ol vei ne t ha nol :t hee t ha nola c t sasac ommon s ol ve nt .

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. 0 2 Ms i l ve rni t r a t es ol ut i oni nt oe a c hoft hr e ee mpt yt e s tt ube sa nd Put2c m3 of0 wa r mi nawa t e rba t hf orfivemi nut e s .

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Addt hes i l ve rni t r a t equi c kl yt ot heha l oge noa l ka ne si ns e que nc es t a r t i ngwi t h1 c hl or obut a ne .Yous houl dobs e r v epr e c i pi t a t e sofs i l ve rc hl or i deors i l ve rbr omi dea t di ffe r e ntt i mei nt e r va l s .

Q

Dr a wt hedi s pl a ye df or mul aoft het hr e eha l oge noa l ka ne sy ouus e d.

Q

Li s tt hec ompoundsi nor de rofho wf as tt hes i l ve rpr e c i pi t a t ea ppe a r e d.

Q

Ha veagoa ts ugge s t i ngr e a s onswhyt her e s ul t sf or1 c hl or obut a nea nd1 br omobut a nea r ewha tyouf ound.

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Ha l oge noa l kane sunder gos ubs t i t ut i onr e ac t i ons .I nt he s ee xpe r i me nt st he hal oge ni ss ubs t i t ut e dbyahydr oxylgr oupt oma kea na l c ohol .

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Thef unc t i onoft hes i l verni t r a t ei st ode t e c tt hes ubs t i t ut e dha l i dei on.

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Thes pe e dofr e ac t i onde pendsont hec a r bonhal ogenbonds t r e ngt ha ndt he s t r uc t ur eoft heha l oge noa l ka ne s .

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Nor ma l l ywewoul dj us tdot hi sr e a c t i onwi t hdi l ut ea l ka l i .St r onge r c onc e nt r at i onsofa l ka l ic a us et heha l i det obee l i mi na t e da ndadoubl ebond c r e a t e d: t hi si shar de rt ode mons t r a t ei nas i mpl et e s tt ubee x pe r i me nt ....