Questions 1-6 & questions 1-5 Alexa Garcia PDF

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Modern Bio Student Edition Textbook Pages 71 and 76...

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Questions 1-6 (page 71): 1. Hooke first observed dead plant cells in 1665 using an early light microscope. Leeuwenhoek, using a highly precise hand-held lens microscope first observed living things or microorganisms, including protists. 2. Leeuwenhoek was able to see living cells because of the development of hand-held microscopes that provided 10 times the magnification of Hooke’s instruments. 3. Schleiden discovered that all plants are made of cells, Schwann discovered that all animals are made of cells and lastly Virchow studied human diseases and said all cells come from other cells. The combined research of these scientists allowed us to come up with the cell theory. 4. A.) All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. B.) Cells are the basic units of structure and function of an organism. C.) Cells are only created through cell reproduction (cell duplication). 5. Robert Hooke was the first person to observe cells, however they were nonliving. Virchow concluded that cells can only come from preexisting cells, not other nonliving things. Finally, today we are able to successfully clone cells. 6. Living things have: structure, they can obtain energy from their environment, perform chemical reactions, evolve/change over time, maintain homeostasis, reproduce, react and respond to changes in their environment and lastly living things share a common history (they arose from other living things). Questions 1-5 (page 76): 1. A cell's shape can be simple or complex depending on the function of the cell. Each cell has a shape that has evolved to allow the cell to perform its function effectively. 2. A cell’s size limit is dependent on the nutrients that it must receive. If the cell is too small, it would be unable to contain the necessary parts to survive. If the cell is too big, the rate of receiving nutrients and removing waste would be too slow for the cell to survive/function properly. 3. A cell must contain a plasma membrane, a cytoplasm and a control center. The plasma membrane prevents parts of the cell from floating away. Cytoplasm is the region of the cell that is within the plasma membrane that

includes the fluid, cytoskeleton and all the organelles except the nucleus to give structure to the cell. The control center may be the nucleus or the nucleolus, depending on the organism but it’s the place where DNA is contained. 4. Eukaryotic cells are larger and have a true nucleus, while prokaryotes are generally smaller and have nucleoid. 5. An organism normally has a cell, a tissue, an organ and an organ system....