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Homework needed for PHIL 130 in order to attain a 100 in homeworks which is the 45% of the grade. ...

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PHIL 130: Philosophy & Persons (Irwin) Gettier, “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?” Reading & Discussion Questions

What are the three necessary conditions for knowledge, according to Ayer’s justified true belief (“JTB”) account? Is Smith justified in believing the one who will get the job has 10 coins in his pocket? Based on JTB, there exists three traditional components of knowledge: the truth condition, the belief condition and the justification condition. It is Smith who will get the job and who unwittingly also has 10 coins in his pocket.

JTB ACCOUNT: S knows that P if: S believes that P P is true Sis justified in believing P

Why does Gettier argue that JTB’s don’t count as knowledge? How does he challenge the idea that JTB’s count (or suffice as) knowledge? 1,2,3 are not sufficient for knowledge. The Gettier problems negated the traditional definition of knowledge. He challenged JTB knowledge, based on the Gettier cases, the philosophical tradition of “knowledge” of a proposition as justified true belief in that proposition. He said that the problems are real or probable situations in which someone has a belief that is a true and is supported by evidence, still fails to be knowledge.

Even though Smith is unaware of the facts that make his justified belief true, can we say he has knowledge? Why or why not? Smith’s belief is justified and can say it is knowledge because it is only a matter of luck that it is true.

Suppose the first proposition in the JTB account was “P is false” instead of “P is true”. If subject S rejects a false proposition, might this count as a kind of knowledge? In your view, is it more important that knowledge reject false beliefs, or that it track the truth? Yes, it could count as knowledge. Being able to reject a false proposition it highlights we are able to recognize and challenge a supposed fact, even if it is false. I believe that rejecting false beliefs we can track the truth. If we are able to reject false beliefs, we can find the truth behind those beliefs and make them become true statements with strong justifications and evidence....