Quiz 1 ch. 1, 2, 4 Online PDF

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Introduction to Psychology: PSY 101-

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. QUIZ 1 (take-home) CHAPTERS: (1, 2, 4)

Directions: There are 25 multiple-choice questions (each question is worth 2 points for a total of 50 points). Refer to syllabus for due date. GOOD LUCK! Check syllabus for due date. The following 12 questions were derived from Chapter 1 – Introduction & Research Methods 1. Which of these is the most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology? A. the scientific study of behavior only B. the scientific study of mental processes only C. the scientific study of behavior and mental processes D. the scientific study of Freud

2. ____was an early proponent of functionalism, whereas _______was an early proponent of structuralism? A. Ivan Pavlov; William James B. William James; Wilhelm Wundt C. Max Wertheimer; Ivan Pavlov D. Wilhelm Wundt; William James 3. Notable theorists like John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner believed that psychology should involve the study of ___________ approach. A. Behavioral B. Evolutionary C. Humanistic D. psychodynamic 4. What did Sigmund Freud and the psychodynamic approach consider as the key to understanding the nervous disorders he observed? A. free will C. the unconscious mind B. brain chemicals D. rewards/punishments 5. You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented? A. behaviorism B. functionalism C. psychodynamic D. humanism

6. The idea that depression is influenced by genetics and neurotransmitters, and brain chemicals represents the _____ perspective of psychology. A. psychiatric B. biological C. evolutionary D. psychodynamic 7. In the context of psychology’s scientific method, the objective description of exactly how a variable is going to be measured and observed in a particular study is referred to as the: A. hypothesis. B. theory. C. logical conclusion. D. operational definition.

8. If I told you that today, we are having someone observe the class and I mentioned that the observer would monitor classroom behavior. You are more likely to change or alter your behavior just due to what is known as ____________. A. B. C. D.

sample bias operational effect participant development participant bias

9. If I decided to do a study on gender differences and graduation rates among college students and visited schools that all had a higher number of female students this would be an example of which of the following? A. B. C. D.

observer syndrome sample bias observer development placebo effect

10. Karen believes that people who eat at McDonald’s are overweight, so she decides to do an observation of people who eat at McDonald’s. What is a major problem Karen’s observations and possible results? A. the placebo effect B. the bystander effect C. experimenter bias D. participant bias

11. A ______________is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another. A. independent variable B. dependent variable C. experimental effect D. correlation 12. Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association when dealing with human participants? A. Participants may not withdraw once they start. B. Deception must be justified, but if used participants must be debriefed C. Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research. D. Participants can be harmed intentionally The following 6 questions were derived from Chapter 2 – Neuroscience & Biological Foundations 13. This specific section of the nervous system is responsible for calming the body after a stressful response? A. Sympathetic B. Central C. Parasympathetic D. Habituation 14. This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing. A. Pons B. Reticular formation C. Medulla D. Thalamus

15. A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor movement, coordinating simple movements that are involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely damaged is called: A. Thalamus B. Cerebellum C. Medulla D. Pons 16. The __________ is involved with responses related to fear relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger sometimes before even being consciously aware that it exists. A. amygdala B. thalamus C. hippocampus D. pons

17. Lisa is confronted by a man with a gun as she walks home from work one night. In this scenario, Lisa’s _____ nervous system will be most likely to arouse her fight-or -flight response to help her escape from the situation quickly (read this carefully). A. parasympathetic B. central C. sympathetic D. somatic

18. In the context of characteristics of the nervous system, the brain’s special physical capacity to change, adapt and repair the brain is referred to as its _____. A. transduction B. integrative capacity C. neuroplasticity D. structural capacity The following 7 questions were derived from Chapter 4 – Sensation and Perception 19. Which of the following is NOT true? A. sensation refers to the activation of the sense organs by a source of physical energy B. perception involves sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli C. everyone interprets sensory information in the same way D. our senses help us I our everyday lives and help us survive

20. Suppose you hear that (although debatable) it is possible that advertisements may use hidden messages about which we have no awareness; this is an example of what? A. transduction C. sensory adaptation B. subliminal perception D. habituation 21. The theory of color vision that says color perception results from mixing three distinct color systems is called the _____. A. tricolor theory B. trichromatic theory C. tripigment theory D. tricycle theory

22. An afterimage refers to a visual sensation that persists for a brief time after original stimulus is removed. Which of the following theories can explain the colors in an afterimage (refer back to the yellow, green, and black American flag image) A. Opponent Process Theory B. Ishihara Color Theory C. Trichromatic Theory D. Place theory

23. Place theory and frequency theory are both theories when referring to ______; whereas gustation is used when referring to the sense of _____. A. pitch; binocular disparity B. pain; taste C. pitch; taste D. habituation; pain 24. The ___________ senses are muscle tendons and joints and location in space; _______ senses relate to your balance, or the ability to know your body orientation and position with respect to gravity and three-dimensional space; ____________ senses are to pressure, temperature and pain. A. B. C. D.

skin, kinesthetic, vestibular kinesthetic; vestibular; skin vestibular, skin, kinesthetic skin, vestibular, kinesthetic

25. ________________ is the readiness to perceive in a particular manner based on expectations. A. B. C. D.

Perceptual set Sensory adaptation illusion transduction...