QUIZ 5 2019, answers PDF

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If the human eye were altered so that the bulk of the rods were concentrated in the fovea, and the bulk of the cones were in the periphery of the retina, how would our visual experience change? A) When looking directly at an object, we would have excellent acuity during the day. B) When looking slightly to one side of an object, we would have good night vision. C) When looking directly at an object, we would better identify colour. D) When looking slightly to one side of an object, we would see it in strong detail. Abdul is in an accident where his optic chiasm is severed. Which of the following most accurately describes the effect this accident will have on his vision? A) Abdul will lose all sight from his left visual field. B) Abdul will lose sight processed by the outer portions of both retinas. C) Abdul will lose all sight from his right visual field. D) Abdul will lose sight processed by the inner portions of both retinas.` Which of the following correctly describes bright, red light? A) High amplitude and low frequency B) Low amplitude and low frequency C) Low amplitude and high frequency D) High amplitude and high frequency A legion to the right optic tract would cause a deficit in which of the following areas of the visual field? A) Peripheral vision B) Left visual field C) Central vision D) Right visual field Which of the following best describes a neural signal's pathway? A) Retina > extrastriate cortex > primary visual cortex B) Ganglion cells > Bipolar cells > Photoreceptors C) Cornea > Vitreous Humor > Retina D) Photoreceptors > Thalamus > Extrastriate Cortex What type of eyes would an `animal most likely have if they need excellent depth perception abilities in relatively dark environments? A) Large eyes located to the sides of the head B) Small eyes directed towards the front of the head. C) Small eyes located to the sides of the head. D) Large eyes directed towards the front of the head. Which of the following best describes what happens to visual information from the extrastriate cortex? A) Depth and motion are sent to the parietal lobe known as the dorsal stream.

B) Colour and form perception are sent to the parietal lobe known as the ventral stream. C) Colour and form perception are sent to the temporal lobe known as the dorsal stream. D) Depth and motion are sent to the temporal lobe known as the ventral stream. Which of the following correctly outlines a path that light first takes as it travels through the eye? A) Ganglion Cells, Bipolar Cells, Photoreceptors B) Photoreceptors, Bipolar Cells, Ganglion Cells C) Pupil, Cornea, Lens D) Cornea, Lens, Pupil According to the textbook, which of the following statements about dark adaptation is most correct? A) Rods provide better colour vision and acuity than do cone cells, which explains why as dark adaptation occurs, humans are less able to distinguish between colours or see small stimuli. B) Cones are slower to adapt but more prominent around 10 minutes after dark exposure begins because the visual pigment in cone cells regenerates more slowly than the visual pigment in rod cells. C) Rods are responsible for much of the early dark adaptation but reach a plateau around 4 minutes, where cones then continue to adapt until becoming the primary functional cells around 10 minutes after dark exposure begins. D) Cones become decreasingly important for low light vision as dark adaptation occurs, and the periphery of the eye provides better night vision than does the fovea around 10 minutes after dark exposure begins. Within a field of objects, you see nine very small red spheres, lit from above, arranged as a triangle. Which of the following best describes the processing required by your brain to view the small red spheres as a triangle? A) Your brain groups similar objects together. B) Your brain transforms photons into nerve impulses. C) Your physical acuity is limited by photoreceptor density. D) Your brain assumes multiple light sources. The image of a bouncing red ball falls on the nasal half of the retina at the back of Pablo's right eye. Which visual field does this information correspond to and what stream processes the correct component of this information? A) Right visual field, with shape information processed by the ventral stream. B) Right visual field, with bouncing information processed by the ventral stream. C) Left visual field, with bouncing information processed by the dorsal stream. D) Left visual field, with shape information processed by the dorsal stream. Frank is presented with a dim light that appears to be faintly purple in colour. In which of the following responses would Frank be correct in his description of the light? A) The light is pure, and is comprised of light of relatively short wavelengths found at the beginning of the visual spectrum.

B) The light has a small amplitude, is comprised of only a single wavelength, and exists inside the visible spectrum. C) The light consists of a single wavelength that is considered short for humans, and has a small amplitude. D) The light has a small amplitude, is relatively desaturated, and is comprised of one of the highest frequencies that humans are able to see. Scientists in the jungle have just discovered a new vertebrate species. This species has large, laterally directed eyes. Which of the following most accurately describes the environment of this species? A) This species likely lives in an environment with many predators that stand out from the trees. B) This species likely lives in an environment with many predators that may easily blend in with the trees. C) This species likely lives in an environment with many prey opportunities that stand out from the trees. D) This species likely lives in an environment with many prey opportunities that may easily blend in with the trees. Angela is examining the anatomy of the eye of a newly discovered species of fish. She notes that the eye contains all of the same features as those found in the human eye, except that it does not contain an iris and the eyes are laterally directed. Which of the following would this species most likely not be able to do? A) Adapt to changes in incoming light to allow more or less light to hit the retina. B) Detect and respond quickly to a predators approaching from a variety of different angles. C) Change the focus on the image of an object depending on how close or far away it is. D) Detect differences in colour of approaching predators. Which of the following is most correct regarding rod cells? A) Rods are used for night vision because they provide good visual acuity but no colour information. B) Each rod cell has a direct connection to the brain through one retinal ganglion cell. C) Rod cells exist most densely in the area immediately surrounding the fovea. D) Overall, there are fewer rod cells than cone cells in the retina of the eye.

What change occurs when the brain detects insufficient light reaching the retinas? A) The muscles in the iris cause the pupil to constrict. B) The muscles in the pupil cause the pupil to constrict. C) The muscles in the pupil cause the pupil to dilate. D) The muscles in the iris cause the pupil to dilate. According to the textbook, which visual area would most likely be responsible for processing whether an object was circular or rectangular in shape? A) V4

B) V2 C) V5 D) V3 Question 1 Peter was recently in a sporting accident that resulted in significant damage to his lens. Doctors had to paralyze both of Peter's lenses to avoid further damage until a second surgery could be performed. What are the likely effects of paralyzed lenses on Peter's vision? A) Peter is not having any issues clearly seeing any objects in his surrounding environment. B) Peter is experiencing difficulty seeing in bright or dimly lit conditions. C) Peter is blind, being unable to perceive any of the objects in his surrounding environment. D) Peter is no longer able to read his favourite book or see his friend across the lecture hall. Question 2 Due to an aggressive brain tumor, Dr. Sheppard had to completely remove Marina's parietal lobe. As a result, what deficit can occur in the visual pathway? A) She will no longer be able to see things in colour. B) She can hear a fan rotating, but sees the fan as frozen still. C) Removal of the somatosensory cortex will have left her sense-less. D) Removal of her motor cortex has left her unable to move her eyes. Question 3 Frank is presented with a dim light that appears to be faintly purple in colour. In which of the following responses would Frank be correct in his description of the light? A) The light has a small amplitude, is relatively desaturated, and is comprised of one of the highest frequencies that humans are able to see. B) The light is pure, and is comprised of light of relatively short wavelengths found at the beginning of the visual spectrum. C) The light consists of a single wavelength that is considered short for humans, and has a small amplitude. D) The light has a small amplitude, is comprised of only a single wavelength, and exists inside the visible spectrum. Question 4 A legion to the right optic tract would cause a deficit in which of the following areas of the visual field? A) Central vision B) Left visual field C) Peripheral vision D) Right visual field

Question 5 What is the correct ordering of visual processing, starting from light hitting a photoreceptor? A) ganglion cell > optic chiasm > optic tract > LGN > V1 B) ganglion cell > optic chiasm > optic nerve > LGN > V1 C) ganglion cell > optic nerve > optic disk > V1 > LGN D) ganglion cell > optic nerve > LGN > optic tract > V1 Question 6 Which of the following is most characteristic of an 18-month-old child's visual capabilities? A) They are unable to focus adequately and their visual acuity is underdeveloped. B) They are able to focus similarly to adults but their visual acuity is underdeveloped. C) They are able to focus similarly to adults and their visual acuity is fully developed. D) They are unable to focus adequately but their visual acuity is fully developed. Question 7 In the context of vision, what does accomodation refer to, and what function does it serve? A) The dilation and constriction of the pupil; adjusts the amount of light reaching the retina. B) The shortening and elongation of the lens; adjusts the amount of light reaching the retina. C) The dilation and constriction of the pupil; adjusts focus based on object's distance. D) The shortening and elongation of the lens; adjusts focus based on object's distance. Question 8 What type of eyes would an animal most likely have if they need excellent depth perception abilities in relatively dark environments? A) Large eyes located to the sides of the head B) Large eyes directed towards the front of the head. C) Small eyes directed towards the front of the head. D) Small eyes located to the sides of the head. Question 9 According to the textbook, which of the following statements about the integration of multiple sensory systems is most correct? A) In humans, when conflicting information is received from the visual and auditory systems, the auditory information is altered to fit with the visual information due to a bias in accepting the visual interpretation of the environment. B) In humans, when conflicting information is received from the visual and auditory systems, the auditory information is ignored due to a bias in accepting the visual interpretation of the environment. C) In rats, when conflicting information is received from the visual and auditory systems, the auditory information is altered to fit with the visual information due to a bias in accepting the visual interpretation of the environment.

D) In rats, when conflicting information is received from the visual and auditory systems, the visual information is ignored due to a bias in accepting the auditory interpretation of the environment. Question 10 Which of the following individuals best demonstrates behavioural effects associated with hemispatial neglect? A) Adam, who has damage to his left parietal lobe. B) Tony, who forgets to turn on his headlights because the switch for them is to the left of his steering wheel. C) Alice, who only eats the food on the right side of her plate. D) Jen, who does not describe the left side of a scene despite shifting her gaze across the entire scene....