Respiratory System Answers PDF

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Summary

Exam-style questions related to the respiratory system...

Description

BMSC11002- Human Body Systems 2 Weekly Worksheet Respiratory System

Terminology Glottis Lungs

Exhalation Trachea

Internal respiration Pulmonary ventilation Elastic recoil External respiration

Internal nares External nares

Definitions

ANSWER

The openings into the nasal cavity on the exterior of the body. Also called the nostrils.

External nares

The vocal folds (true vocal cords) in the larynx plus the space between them.

Glottis

Branch of a tertiary bronchus further dividing into terminal bronchioles, which divide into respiratory bronchioles

Bronchiole

Main organs of respiration that lie on either side of the heart in the thoracic cavity.

Lungs

The two openings posterior to the nasal cavities opening into the nasopharynx.

Internal nares

The exchange of respiratory gases between blood and body cells.

Internal respiration

Tubular air passageway extending from the larynx to the fifth thoracic vertebra.

Trachea

The inflow (inhalation) and outflow (exhalation) of air between the atmosphere and the lungs.

Pulmonary ventilation

Natural tendency of the lungs to spring back after being stretched by inhalation.

Elastic recoil

The exchange of respiratory gases between the lungs and blood.

External respiration

Odd-One-Out Group Details

Correct OR Incorrect

Incorrect Group Member

1

Parts of sperm: head; tail; corpus luteum.

Incorrect

Corpus luteum

2

Processes of gas exchange: Pulmonary ventilation; external respiration; Internal respiration.

Correct

3

Factors affecting pulmonary ventilation: Surface tension of alveolar fluid; compliance; airway resistance.

Correct

4

Modified respiratory movements: Coughing; laughing; sobbing.

Correct

5

Lung capacities: Functional residual capacity; inspiratory capacity; tidal volume.

Incorrect

Tidal volume

6

Lung volumes: Residual volume; vital capacity; expiratory reserve volume.

Incorrect

Vital capacity

7

Factors affecting gas exchange: Partial pressure of gases; surface area; diffusion distance.

Correct

8

Structures of the upper respiratory tract: Nose; pharynx; larynx.

Incorrect

9

Structures of the lower respiratory tract: Trachea; bronchi; lungs.

Correct

10

Structures of the conducting zone: Nose; trachea; alveolar sacs.

Incorrect

Grou p

Larynx

Alveolar sacs

Diagram Labelling The following diagram is an anterior view of the organs of respiration. In the table below, identify the structures labelled as A-D.

Letter

Anatomical Structure

A

Pharynx

B

Right primary bronchus/carina

C

Lungs

D

Nose

The following diagram is a parasagittal section of the left side of the head and neck. In the table below, identify the structures labelled as A-D.

Letter

Anatomical Structure

B

Trachea

D

External naris

A

Laryngopharynx

C

Nasal conchae

The following diagram an anterior view of the respiratory system. In the table below, identify the structures labelled as A-D; list the structural classification of these and the functional classification.

Letter

Structures

A

Nose

B

Larynx

C

Trachea

D

Lungs/bronchioles/terminal/respirator y

Structural classification Upper respiratory system Lower respiratory system Lower respiratory system ----

Functional classification Conducting zone Conducting zone Conducting zone ----

The following diagram is an anterior view of the respiratory system. In the table below, identify the structures labelled as A-D.

Letter

Anatomical Structure

A

Larynx

D

Diaphragm

B

Trachea

C

Cardiac notch

The following diagram is a portion of lobule of lung. In the table below, identify the structures labelled as A-D.

Letter

Anatomical Structure

A

Terminal bronchiole

B

Respiratory bronchiole

C

Alveolar ducts

D

Alveoli

Missing words The following sentences relate to the respiratory system. Identify the missing words / phrases (1-10) and record your answers in the table provided. Speech Ventilation Scalenes Diaphragm Olfaction Expiratory area

Epiglottis Medulla oblongata

Upper airway/nasal conchae Forced/increased

The respiratory system is responsible for providing oxygen to the body’s tissues and removing carbon dioxide, one of the waste products of cellular metabolism. ____________ (1) is the movement of gases into and out of the lungs. The purpose of the ____________ ____________ (2) is to filter, warm, and moisten inhaled air for its journey to the lungs. In addition, to this the upper airway provides the sense of smell called ____________ (3) and also ____________ (4). Because breathing and swallowing share a common pathway, the ____________ (5) protects the airway to the lungs from accidental aspiration of food and liquids. The main muscle used during inhalation is the ____________ (6). The accessory muscles including the sternocleidomastoid, ____________ (7), and pectoralis minor are assisting during times of ____________ (8) inhalation such as exercise and disease. The ____________ ____________ (9) in the brain is the control centre for breathing, it houses the medullary rhythmicity area, which includes the inspiratory area and ____________ ____________ (10).

1: Ventilation

6: Diaphragm

2: Upper airway/nasal conchae

7: Scalenes

3: Olfaction

8: Forced/increased

4: Speech

9: Medulla oblongata

5: Epiglottis

10: Expiratory area

Processes and Arrangements Arrange the physiological events (1=first event, 5=last event) in order in the table below. Order

Event

1

Increase in arterial Pco2

3

Activation of the inspiratory area in the medulla

2

Detection by chemoreceptors

5

Decrease in arterial Pco2

4

Increase in respiration rate

Arrange the anatomical structures of the respiratory system (1=first structure, 14=last structure) in order in the table below. Order

Anatomical Structure

1

Nose

12

Alveolar ducts

11

Respiratory bronchioles

13

Alveolar sac

10

Terminal bronchioles

9

Bronchioles

8

Tertiary bronchi

7

Secondary bronchi

6

Primary bronchi

5

Trachea

4

Larynx

3

Pharynx

2

Nasal cavity

14

Alveoli

From the list below, indicate the anatomical structure (A-D) that forms the connecting link between the anatomical structures in the table below. A. Nasopharynx and laryngopharynx B. Laryngopharynx and carina C. External naris and internal naris D. External naris and pharynx

Letter

Anatomical Structures

B

Trachea

A

Oropharynx

D

Nasal cavity

C

Nasal conchae...