Robbery: Blackmail PDF

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Paul Wynell-Sutherland...

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ROBBERY Section 8 Theft Act 1968 - Section 8(1) – a person is guilty of robbery if he steals, and immediately before or at the time of doing so, and in order to do so, he uses force on any person or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being then and there subjected to force - “uses force on any person” – R v Dawson [1976]; R v Clouden [1978] - “or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being then and there subjected to force” – R v DPP; B v DPP [2007] - “before of at the time of” – R v Hale (1978) - The elements of theft must be made out – Corcoran v Anderton (1980); R v Hale

BLACKMAIL Section 21 Theft Act 1968 - Section 21(1) – a person is guilty of blackmail if, with a view to gain for himself or another or with intent to cause loss to another, he makes any unwarranted demand with menaces; and for this purpose a demand with menaces is unwarranted unless the person making it does so in the belief – (a) That he has reasonable grounds for making the demand; or (b) That the use of the menaces is a proper means of reinforcing the demand. - The nature of the demand – R v Collister and Warhurst (1955) - With menaces – Thorne v M.T.A. [1937] – not limited to threats of violence, including threats of any action detrimental to or unpleasant to the person addressed - S34(2) – gain and loss - Unwarranted – R v Harvey...