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Statistics Practice Exam - 01

January 2018

Produced by Foyzul Rahman

Practice Statistics Exam

The following practice exam consists of 31 questions, with a maximum possible mark of 42. The number of marks per question are listed in parentheses after each question. The pass mark for this exam is 50% (i.e., 21/42). You should aim to complete the exam in less than 1hr 20 mins. Please create a separate answer sheet, with the answers numbered according to the questions. Some questions will require the use of a calculator. When considering SPSS output, please ensure that you are looking at the correct table or column as SPSS values can be easily mistaken. The topics covered in this exam are: Statistical tests (T-test, ANOVA, Regression, Chi Square, etc.), parametric assumptions, non-parametric tests, study designs, distribution, central tendency measures, error, Type 1 & 2 errors. Finally, carefully read each question and ensure you stick to the time limit. Good luck! 1

1. A researcher wants to test the efects of low and high cafeine on driving errors. First, participants are given 30mg of cafeine (low dose) and then their driving errors are recorded in a driving simulator. The next day, the same participants return but this time they are given 60mg of caffeine (high dose) and again they are tested in the driving simulator. Assuming the data are normally distributed, what type of statistical test is most appropriate to examine the differences in driving errors between low and high cafeine conditions? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

One-way ANOVA Dependent T-test Independent Samples T-test Chi Square

2. The correlation coefficient between participant IQ and verbal fuency is r = .84. What percentage of the variance is explained by the relationship between the two variables? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

84.0% 8.40% 70.6% 16%

3. Which of the following statements best describes a Type 1 error? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

Rejecting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is false Rejecting the alternative hypothesis Failing to reject the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is false Rejecting t he null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true

4. Consider the following 2x2 contingency table. In the blank spaces, input the expected frequency for each cell. (2 Marks)

Male

Smoker 55 (_40_)

Non-smoker 60 (_65)

Total 115

Female

25 (40)

70 (65)

95

Total

80

130

210

5. Considering the data in Question 4, a researcher wanted to examine whether there was an association between smoking and gender. Which type of statistical test is most appropriate here? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

2x2 ANOVA Multiple Regression Correlation Chi Square Test of Independence

6. How many factors are there in a 3x3x2 design? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

3 18 9 2

7. What is the non-parametric equivalent to an independent samples t test? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

Spearman’s Rho Kruskal Wallis Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U

Study the SPSS output below. The output pertains to a multiple regression with gestational age at birth and length of baby at birth as the predictors and weight of baby at birth as the criterion variable (DV). Answer questions 8-10 using the output.

8. An increase of 1 week in gestational age at birth results in: (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

An increase in weight of baby at birth by 3.268 lbs An increase in weight of baby at birth by .220 lbs A decrease in weight of baby at birth by .067 lbs A decrease in weight of baby at birth by .002 lbs

9. What percentage of the total variance in weight of baby at birth did the model explain? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

59.6% 77.2% 28.8% 86.6%

10. Which of the following statements is true? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

The overall regression model is not significant but both predictors are significant The overall regression model is significant and length of baby is the only significant predictor Neither the overall regression model nor the predictors are significant The overall regression model is significant and both predictors are also si gnificant

11. If the assumption of homogeneity of variance is satisfied, what does this mean? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

The means of each experimental group/condition are roughly the same The variance of each experimental group/condition is similar The variance of each experimental group/condition is significantly different The variance in each group/condition is equal to zero

12. Of the statements below, statistical power can best be described as what? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

The ability to make generalisations from the study results The ability to find an effect, when the effect exists in reality A large effect size Reducing the probability of making both Type 1 and Type 2 errors

Study the distribution below and then answer Questions 13 & 14:

13. For the data above, which measure of central tendency is most appropriate? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

Interquartile Range Mode Mean Median

14. The distribution of the data can be best described as: (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

Normal Negatively skewed Binomial Positively skewed

A researcher wanted to look at gender differences (Male vs Female) in exam scores across three levels of distraction (Low Distraction, Medium Distraction and High Distraction). On day 1, participants completed the exam in the Low Distraction condition; on day 2, they completed the exam in the Medium Distraction condition; finally, participants did the exam in the High Distraction condition on day 3. As well differences between the three levels of distraction, the researcher also was interested in gender diferences. Study the 2 (Gender) x 3 (Distraction) ANOVA output below. Using the study summary above and SPSS output below, answer Questions 15-18.

15. What was the design of the study? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

Between-subjects Within-subjects Correlational Mixed

16. What was the effect size of the interaction efect? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

0.276 0.003 6.78 640.633

17. What does the output show with respect to the assumption of homogeneity of variance? (1 Mark) A. B. C. D.

The assumption has been violated The assumption has been satisfied The assumption has been partially satisfied Impossible to tell from output

18. Using only the output above, report the ANOVA in APA format. (NB. You should include main efect(s) and interaction(s) along with your own interpretation of the study results). (4 Marks)

There was a significant main efect across all three levels of distraction on female and male participants test results (low distraction mean= 53.10, medium distraction mean 67.75, high distraction mean=46.00); F= 52.313, (20,df=2), p...