Semester 2 2020 Final exam PDF

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Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology Student Number

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This exam paper must not be removed from the venue

School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences EXAMINATION Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology This paper is for St Lucia Campus (External) students.

Examination Duration:

120 minutes For Examiner Use Only

Exam Conditions: Question

Mark

Set start and completion time for all students. File upload to Turnitin This is an Open Book examination UQ Integrity Pledge: As a UQ student: I acknowledge that academic integrity is a core value of The University of Queensland community. I will be courageous in upholding the University’s values at all times, even when studying is difficult and no one else can see my actions. I will not give in to persuasive cheating messages or pursue unauthorised help, but rather seek help from trusted support sources/services. I acknowledge that I am responsible for the consequences of my choices. As a student in this community I promise to complete all my assessment tasks, including exams online, with academic integrity in mind, to be fair to my peers, show respect for my lecturers/tutors, and uphold the reputation of the University. I am committed to sustaining an environment of honest and mutual trust, in which I can represent my own knowledge, skills and capabilities. I will strive for academic excellence through the authenticity of my study practices and assessment responses. Then I can be proud of my achievements and know I have completed all the requirements of my degree with integrity.

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Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology

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Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology

Question 1.

(Total 8 marks)

In the manufacturing of biologics, describe the purpose of each of the following steps: Clonal Cell-line development Upstream bioprocessing Downstream bioprocessing Fill and Finish

Question 2.

(Total 12 marks)

Imagine you are the commercialisation manager in a start-up biotechnology company. You have a limited budget and are trying to minimise the cost of the intellectual property portfolio. The R & D director of the company has given you descriptions of three (3) inventions and you must tell the chief executive officer what you believe is the best method of protecting each invention. The three inventions are as follows : Invention 1: a method for measuring the number of short repeated DNA sequences (microsatellites) in a gene. The method involves the insertion and ligation of short oligonucleotides, of various lengths, in between two specific hybridization probes. The short oligonucleotides are labelled with a fluorescent dye. The method could be used for identification of plants and animals. Invention 2: a simple device for collecting hair from cattle for the purpose of transport and storage prior to genetic testing (for beef tenderness markers). The device consists of a small, foldable, paper booklet, with a sticky inner surface and a bar code on the outside. Invention 3: a method of growing two bacteria mixed together in one culture flask at 37 ◦C. This mixed culture allows production of an antibiotic that cannot be manufactured by either organism by itself and is very expensive to manufacture by alternative methods (e.g. chemical synthesis). You know that your competitor has a sample of the pure antibiotic.

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Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology

You have a choice of three strategies for protection of the intellectual property: i) ii) iii)

patent; trade secrecy (combined with the use of non-disclosure/secrecy agreements); registered design.

Questions for Q2 a)

For Invention 1 what do you recommend as the best protection strategy? Write down the strategy and give a reason for your choice (4 marks)

b)

For Invention 2 what do you recommend as the best protection strategy? Write down the strategy and give a reason for your choice (4 marks)

c)

For Invention 3 what do you recommend is the best protection strategy? Write down the strategy and give a reason for your choice (4 marks)

Question 3.

(Total 10 marks)

Explain how multiple products can be derived from a microalgae bio-refinery and describe four examples of such products.

Question 4

(Total 6 marks)

Discuss the differences between a start-up venture and a small business. Then describe the different motivating factors behind the setup for each of these ventures (start-up versus small business) by the founders/owners.

Question 5.

(Total 5 marks)

Make reference to the standard “Australian/New Zealand Standard for Safety in Laboratories” provided in your lectures, when answering the following questions. a)

You wish to conduct research with Japanese Encephalitis Virus. What level of physical containment is required for this work? (1 mark)

b)

What special precautions are required for work with Australian bat lyssavirus? (1 mark)

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Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology

c)

What level of physical containment is required for Bacillus anthracis? (1 mark)

d)

Imagine you transformed Escherichia coli K12 with a gene encoding anthrax toxin for the purposes of producing a vaccine. To which risk group do you think the resulting organism will belong? (1 mark)

e)

Briefly, explain your answer to part d) (1 mark)

Question 6.

(Total 9 marks)

Several hundred international air-travellers suffered from Salmonella food poisoning after consuming mayonnaise that had been provided with an “in-flight” meal. Mayonnaise is a white sauce produced from sugar, vinegar, vegetable oil, thickener, salt, egg, mustard, vegetable gum, milk solids non-fat, colours and antioxidant. The company that manufactured the mayonnaise, was investigated to find out the cause of the outbreak. After extensive investigation, it became clear that two main factors were responsible for the infected batch. Reason 1: The infected batch was produced on a day of high temperature and humidity. The blended egg whites had sat for some time in nonrefrigerated conditions. Reason 2: Some of the eggs used in the mayonnaise had cracked shells, and the shells were contaminated with faecal material. There are SIX (6) key features of a quality assurance and quality management system. a)

Explain briefly the difference between quality control and quality assurance. (2 marks)

b)

Describe THREE (3) key features of the quality management system that would need to be improved or introduced to prevent a recurrence of “mayonnaise poisoning”. (6 marks)

c)

Write down the single, most important feature of the quality management system that allowed the rapid tracking of the poisoning to a single batch of mayonnaise that had been manufactured on a particular day. (1 mark)

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Semester Two Final Examinations, 2020

BIOT2002 Introduction to Biotechnology

Question 7.

(Total 10 marks)

Name a drug that you have investigated as a case study EITHER in your assignment OR in your lectures. Detail the evidence to support ONE OR MORE of the following aspects: its discovery, preclinical development, AND/OR clinical development.

END OF EXAMINATION

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