Short NOTE ON Golgi Complex PDF

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an Italian scientist named Camillo Golgi discovered Golgi apparatus in 1898. He observed this structure in the nerve cells of owl. It was after the discovery of electron microscope that the presence of Golgi apparatus was confirmed. All Sharon Ston eukaryotic cells except a few cell types like R.B.C...

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Golgi Complex INTRODUCTION Camillo Golgi, an Italian scientist, invented the Golgi apparatus in 1898, long before the electron microscope was invented. This structure was discovered in the nerve cells of an owl. The presence of the Golgi apparatus was confirmed after the invention of the electron microscope. Except for a few cell types like R.B.C., all Sharon Ston eukaryotic cells contain this. Golgi bodies are the Golgi complexes found in plants and lower invertebrates. They are scattered in the cytoplasm of higher plant cells, but they are localised in animal cells.

Structure. The Golgi bodies of plant cells and the Golgi complexes of animal cells are essentially the same. They're typically 1-3 mu long and 0.5 m tall. They resemble stacks of flattened sacs called cisternae that are connected by a peripheral network of tubules under an electron microscope. In the periphery, there are some vesicles and Golgi vacuoles.

cisternae A cisternae is a fluid-filled sac. Each Golgi complex is made up of parallel bundles of tubular or filamentous cisternae. The Golgi complexes have a slight curve to them. They have a convex cis or forming face and a concave trans or maturing face near the nucleus. A three-layered unit membrane surrounds each

cisternae. Vesicles are bulbous outgrowths on the periphery that are used to store secretary materials.

Golgi apparatus The Golgi apparatus serves as a container for materials to be transported into the intracellular space. ER materials packaged as vesicles fuse with the cis face and move towards the trans face. This is why the Golgi apparatus is still linked to ER. Before being released from the trans face, a number of pioteins synthesised by ER ribosomes are modified in the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus.

Functions (1) The Golgi complex is metabolically active and is involved in a variety of biochemical processes in the cell, including the synthesis of polysaccharides and the formation of glycoproteins.

(2) Digestive enzymes are stored in the vesicles of Golgi complexes. The Golgi complex also houses a number of other enzymes involved in the cell's biochemical activities.

(3) The Golgi complex secretes pectin, hemicellulose, and other substances that aid in the formation of plasmamembrane and the cell wall of plant cells. During

the division of cells in a plant. The formation of the cell plate at the centre of the dividing cell is aided by Golgi bodies.

Special Function of Golgi Bodies Golgi bodies resemble smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and are frequently found near them, implying a connection. They are most likely caused by SER. Interconnection and vesicles that bud off from SER and fuse with the Golgi bodies in their forming face are two ways secretory materials from SER reach Golgi bodies (convex surface). Pancreatic cells secrete zymogen, mammary gland cells secrete lactoprotein, and goblet cells secrete mucus. hormones produced by endocrine cells, and so on. The Golgi bodies label these substances by packing them in membrane-forming vesicles. The secretions are released by exocytosis when these vesicles pinch off from the concave surface of Golgi bodies and move towards the cell membrane....