SPD-200-RS-Disability-Comparison-Template PDF

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Name: Cheryl Franklin Class: ELM 200 Date: June 25, 2020 Instructor: Geraldine Davis

Disability Comparison Template Part 1 For this section of the template, focus on gathering details about the IDEA disability categories. Review the textbook and the topic study materials and use them to complete the chart. Note that "Autism" has been completed for you as an example. Disability Category Autism

Definition Autism is a developmental disability that affects communication (verbal and nonverbal) and social skills.

Characteristics - Difficulty communicating and interpreting motives and cues of others - Not comfortable with change - Poor social skills - May engage in

Causes The causes of autism are not clear but have something to do with brain development before birth.

Prevalence Autism is one of the fastest-growing disabilities. Prevalence has changed to 1 in 68 children in the U.S. (Autism Society, 2016, para. 2)

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Potential Effect on Learning Difficulty with written expression, reading comprehension, math problem solving, fine and gross motor skills may also be affected, over and under selective attention.

Deaf-Blind

People who have cannot see or hear both partially or fully.

the same activity over and over (SARRC, n.d.)  Delayed language developme nt  Distorted perceptions .  The visual impaired may rely on the physical and auditory senses rather than the visual sense  Deaf-blind may have difficulty expecting what is going to happen.  Problems navigating the

Some people are deafblind from birth. Others are born deaf or hardof-hearing and become blind in life or vice versa. Sometimes people can become deaf-blind later in life as a result of accident or illness ("Deaf-Blindness - Project IDEAL," 2013).

There are roughly 45,000 to 50,000 individuals in the U.S who are deaf-blind. A lot of children under the age of 21 who are deaf-blind, according to the 2007 National Deaf-Blind Child Count ("DeafBlindness," 2015).

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Potential Effect on Learning to deafblindness can vary based upon a student's individual needs. Two main areas of education affected by deafblindness are reading and communicating; therefore, it becomes challenging to participate in class and fulfill reading assignments. May also affect motor skills

environme nt Deafness

Developme ntal Delay

When someone cannot hear or understand speech through hearing, even when sound is amplified.

A delay in one or more developing areas where your child does not reach their developmental

 Trouble in following verbal directions.  Problems with verbal communica tion.  Some problems with social/emot ional or social abilities.  Will often have a level of language delay. (Watson, 2019)  Children may have a limp or wobbly body, arms,

The causes of deafness can range from infections, birth defects, and traumatic brain injury. Deafness can also be caused by sicknesses like measles, whooping cough, and mumps ("Hearing loss: causes, risks, prevention," n.d.).

About 3 million children in the United States have a hearing loss, and 1.3 million of them are toddlers. Hearing loss happens in 5 out of every 1,000 newborns babies, and Over 90% of deaf children are born to parents who can hear ("Statistics and facts about hearing loss | CHC," 2018).

Deafness can cause a delay in the development of responsive and expressive communication skills. The language insufficiency causes learning proble ms that result in reduced academic achievement

Factors that may contribute to development delay can occur before a child is born, during the birth

The prevalence of children identified with a developmental delay in addition to

Developmentally delayed kids might have difficulty in reading, writing, and Cognitive skills. It may

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milestones as a child of the same age might meet. It might take a longer time in the process of development.

Emotional Disturbanc e

Emotional disturbance is when a student has a problem behaving reasonably and establish specific behavior over a lengthy period and to a noticeable degree that

and legs. Limited movement in limbs.  Lack of ability to sit without support by 9 months old.  A child may have the domination of spontaneou s reflexes over voluntary movements .  anxiety disorders; 



bipolar disorder (sometimes called manicdepression) ;

process, and after birth. Developmental delay can also be caused by several factors like down Syndrome, shaken baby syndrome, infections, and even deprivation of food or environment("Develop mental Delay | SSM Health," 2020).

autism spectrum disorder or Intellectual Disability increased, from 3.57% in 2014 to 4.55% in 2016 ("Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017," 2019).

also affect a child's intellectual functioning. Children with developmental delays may also have trouble communicating and playing with others.

The actual cause of emotional disturbance is unknown. However, it can be heredity, brain disorder, diet, stress, and family functioning, which have been suggested and vigorously researched ("Emotional

An estimate of the prevalence of emotional/behavior al disturbance in children 0–5 years of age is in the range of 9.5% to 14.2%. At least one in 10 (10%), or about 6 million

Emotional Disturb students are unable to concentrate on the entire lesson, which may cause poor reading, comprehension, and calculation ability. They might also be

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negatively affects the student's educational performance



conduct disorders;

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eating disorders;

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obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD); and

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psychotic disorders.

Disturbance," 2017).

people, has a severe emotional disturbance. (Brauner & Stephens, 2006).

disruptive during class.

Hearing Impairment can be caused by hereditary, infections, environmental or traumatic factors, damage or obstruction in the external or middle ear, and developmental abnormalities ("Hearing Impairments - Project IDEAL," 2013).

A lot of children in the United States are born deaf. One out of eight persons living in the United States aged 12 years or older have hearing loss in both ears. ("Quick Statistics About Hearing," 2015) .

Hearing Impairment can cause a delay in the development of responsive and emotional communication skills. The language shortage causes learning problems that result in decreased academic achievement.

("Emotional Disturbance," 2017) Hearing Hearing Impairment impairment happen s when there's a problem with damage to the ear that prevents someone from hearing fully or partially ("Hearing Impairments Project IDEAL," 2013).

 lip-reading  sign language  delay in the developme nt  delay in general language acquisition  language deficit

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Intellectual Disability

Multiple Disabilities

Intellectual Disability is described by substantial limitations in reasoning, learning, problem-solving, and behavior that is not appropriate. This Disability usua lly begins before the age of 18 ("FAQs on Intellectual Disability," 2010). Having multiple disabilities means that someone has more than one Disability.



    

Language developme nt Reasoning Problemsolving Abstract thinking Judgment Academic learning

 Speaking  physical movement  education  mental retardation  visual  hearing  brain injury

There is not a specific cause for Intellectual Disability. Still, it can be caused by trauma before birth, trauma during birth, brain injury, and childhood illnesses such and whooping cough and measles ("What You Should Know About Intellectual Disability," 2012).

Almost 6.5 million people have an intellectual disability living in the United States. ("What is Intellectual Disability? " 2018).

These students have difficulty in learning and understanding academics. As long as students are supported, they can accomplish a high quality of life. Core Curriculum and instruction must be modified to help these students reach success in academics.

Multiple disabilities can be caused by lack of oxygen at birth, premature birth, hereditary illnesses, infections, poor development of the brain, and also injuries from accidents ("Multiple Disabilities | Center for Parent Information and Resources," 2019).

A lot of students have received special education services in the 2003-2004 school year. Roughly 2.2% of students received special education services based on a classification of multiple disabilities ("Multiple Disabilities Project IDEAL,"

Most of the students that are served under the multiple disability classification do have some level of Cognitive Impairment. Still, the particular diagnosis of this Impairment can often be vague or unknown. The ability of these students can differ extensively, from managing academics to

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Orthopedic Orthopedic Impairment impairments mean physical disabilities, which could affect the educational process of a child. This may include Impairment caused by inherited abnormalities like deformity or absence of a limb ("Orthopedic Impairments | Special Ed. Info for Parents & Instructors," 2013). Other Health Other Impairment is when Health Impairment a child has inadequate strength due to an acute illness. This illness can be asthma, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart

Fatigue. Mobility issues.  Issues involving attention.  Coordinati on



Spastic (very tight muscles)

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Athetoid (movement s are contorted)



Ataxic (poor balance and equilibrium )

 

2013).

essential life skills ("Multiple Disabilities Project IDEAL," 2013).

Orthopedic Impairment can be caused by a club foot, diseases like bone tuberculosis, cerebral palsy, amputations, fractures, or burns.

Orthopedic Impairments are approximately 1.0 percent of all students that are classified in special education. (Chapter 10 -Orthopedic Impairment Definition under IDEA of Orthopedic Impairment, n.d.).

Students with orthopedic Impairment may not have cognitive or learning problems. Nevertheless, some students may encounter related neurological or motor issues. These problems can affect sensory processing, perception, and learning ("How Orthopedic Impairments Affect Special Needs Students' Education," n.d.).

Other Health Impairment can be caused by Allergies, accidents, multiple factors, and unknown issues ("NASET: Comprehensive Overview of Other Health Impairments,"

Approximately 2 to 9% of all children are identified as having the condition (Health Impairments, 2007). Students amongst the ages of

Other Health Impairment affects areas of executive functioning, intellectual functioning, and social/emotional functioning. Students are slower in

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condition, leukemia, and or sickle cell anemia ("NASET: Comprehensive Overview of Other Health Impairments," 2008).

Specific Learning Disability

This is a psychological problem where the student is incapable of interpreting and understanding appropriately educational information ("Specific Learning Disability," 2015)

 

 

 

 

 



difficulties. Muscle weakness. Frequent absences or lateness's to school. Stamina. Lack Of Ability to focus for long periods. Memory difficulties. Organizatio nal difficulties. Writing difficulties. Visual processing difficulties. Reading difficulties. Auditory processing difficulties. Time manageme nt

2008).

6 to 21 years of age were found to have other health impairments. ("Other Health Disabilities (OHI)," n.d.).

A specific cause for Specific Learning Disability is unknown. This Disability can be caused by the brain not being developed, which can occur before or during birth. Learning disabilities can be caused by a variety of factors or a combination.

Specific Learning Disabilities are considered highincidence Disability . Over 2.8 million students are being provided for that have Learning Disabilities, according to The U.S. Department of Education. This number of students is around 47.4% of all children getting special education services ("Specific Learning

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understanding what they read and take longer to write.

Specific Learning Disability can have a massive impact on learning. Students will have problems reading and following directions and poor communication and oral presentation skills.

Speech or Speech or language impairment is a Language Impairment communication dis order that affects the communication abilities of an individual such as stuttering while speaking ("Sec. 300.8 (c) (11)," 2017)

Traumatic Brain Injury

A disorder from a brain injury

difficulties.  articulation disorders  fluency disorders  voice disorders  The omission of letters like bo for boat  Substitutio ns like wabbit for rabbit  Distortions of (pronunciat ion like shlip instead of sip) Seizures and convulsion s  Slurred



speech

Disabilities," n.d.). Speech and language im pairment can be because of hearing loss, brain injury, drug abuse, and academic disabilities. Sometimes the cause is unknown ("Speech and Language Impairments | Center for Parent Information and Resources," 2015).

A Traumatic Brain Injury can be caused by a fall, a bump, a blow to the head, or jolt to the head that interrupts the normal function of the brain (Brazier, 2018).

Close to 1 in 12 (7.7 percent) U.S. children ages 3-17 have had a disorder linked to voice, speech, language, or swallowing in the past year. The prevalence of SLI for kindergartners in the upper Midwestern region of the United States was 7.4% overall, 6% for girls, and 8% for boys ("Quick Statistics About Voice, Speech, Language," 2017).

Approximately 5.3 million individuals are living with a TBI-related disability in the United States. This is a prevalence of approximately 2% of the U.S.

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A child with a speech and language Impairment is likely to have trouble following directions, especially if the instructions are only given verbally. They might also have difficulty learning how to read and spell.

After having a Traumatic Brain Injury, a person's ability to manage and understand information slows down. People with TBI have difficulty concentrating, paying attention, or attending



Persistent

loss of consciousn ess  Numbness

population ("Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults: Incidence and Prevalence," n.d.).

in the fingers or toes  Poor coordinatio n 

Strange



behavior Dilated pupils

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to more than one thing at a time. These effects are similar to learning disorders (Dane, 2020).

Partial sight and Visual Impairment blindness Including Blindness

extreme light sensitivity  squinting, closing one eye, or misaligned eyes  poor focusing or trouble following objects  inability to see objects at a distance 

Visual Impairment Including Blindness can be caused by macular degeneration, cataract, and glaucoma. Other eye disorders, eye injuries, and birth defects can also cause vision loss ("Vision Impairment and Blindness," 2018).

Visual losses in persons under the age of 18 are at a rate of 12.2 per 1,000. 93,600 students are visually impaired or blind, and 55,200 students are legally blind ("Visual Impairments," n.d.).

The existence of visual Impairment can possibl y influence the usual cycle of education in social, motor, language, and cognitivedevelopmental. Not being able to see often results in a low incentive to discover the world, initiate social interaction, and manipulate objects. The limited ability to explore the world may affect early motor development ("Visual Impairments," n.d.).

Part 2 For this section of the template, focus on gathering details about common, specific learning disabilities. These disabilities fall under the IDEA disability categories you researched for the chart above. Review the textbook and the topic study materials and use them to complete the chart.

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Learning Attention Disability Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Definition AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) makes it difficult for a person to sit still, control their behavior, and pay attention. These difficulties typically begin before a child is 7 years old. However, these behaviors may not be noticed until the child is older ("AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD)," 2017).

Characteristics 

cannot pay close attention to a task



difficulti es with keeping the focus on tasks



difficulty with time managem ent

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distracted easily



forget to

Causes ADHD can be caused by significant head injuries, prematurity, prenatal exposures, and in rear cases, toxins in the environment ("Causes of ADHD: What We Know Today," 2019).

The Prevalence prevalence of ADH D was 8.7%. Almost half of all cases indicated has severe Impairment (4.2%). Impairment criteria were centered on the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Stati stics of Mental Disorders ( DSM-IV). ADHD h as affected three times as many males (13.0%) as females (4.2%) ("NIMH » AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivit y Disorder (ADHD)," n.d.).

Learning Potential Effect on It is challenging for Children with ADHD to pay attention in class, have difficulty sitting still, and have difficulty controlling impulses. This can make it challenging for children with this diagnosis to do well in school. (CDC, 2019).

complete tasks 

difficulti es with following instructio ns

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)

Auditory  Cannot Kids With In the U.S., it is compare Processing an Auditory © 2020. Grand Canyon l Restimated five d. Disorder and Processing percent of schooldistinguis (APD) can be age children, or 2.5 Disorder Have caused by h Trouble Processing S million children, separate chronic ear ounds in Their Brain have APD The

Auditory Processing Disorder can result in learning delays, so kids who have it may need a little extra help in school APD may be

Part 3 Reflections

Children are unique in their own way. Everyone is different and learns differently. Reflecting on the Disability Comparison Template, where I filled in the sections, after extensive research. I discovered that Students with learning disabilities face a lot of extraordinary challenges. Self-esteem challenges, being bullied, speech problems, and individual disability disorders, distractions when listening, an...