Steinberg 12e chapter 01 tb answerkey PDF

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Adolescence, 12e (Steinberg) Chapter 1 Biological Transitions 1) The physical developments of puberty are influenced by which of the following? A) environmental factors B) an identity crisis C) psychological factors D) falling in love Answer: A Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 2) The physical transformation from child to adult is called A) puberty. B) early adolescence. C) middle adolescence. D) late adolescence. Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 3) The term puberty refers to the period during which an individual A) is between the ages of 12 and 15. B) creates new hormones via the endocrine system. C) becomes capable of sexual reproduction. D) stops growing in height. Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.

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4) Physically, puberty involves a rapid increase in growth, development of primary sex characteristics, and A) an increase in psychological stress. B) a series of public initiation rites. C) development of secondary sex characteristics. D) increases in intellectual functioning. Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 5) The simultaneous release of growth hormones, thyroid hormones, and ________ stimulates rapid acceleration in height and weight during puberty. A) leptin B) estrogens C) androgens D) testosterone Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 6) The hormonally induced increase in the rate of growth in height and weight is referred to as A) the adolescent growth spurt. B) peak height velocity. C) epiphysis. D) somatic development. Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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7) At the time of peak height velocity, adolescents grow at about the same rate as A) newborns. B) infants. C) toddlers. D) elementary schoolchildren. Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 8) The adolescent growth spurt A) generally begins two years earlier for girls than for boys. B) generally begins two years earlier for boys than for girls. C) increases around age 15 for boys and girls. D) proceeds along a smooth and rapid course over the teen years. Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 9) Which of the following statements about changes in skeletal structure during puberty is true? A) One marker that indicates the termination in growth in height is epiphysis. B) Bones become more porous and more likely to break. C) Nearly half an individual's adult height is gained during puberty. D) Growth begins with the torso and shoulders, proceeds to the arms and legs, then to the extremities. Answer: A Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the three chief physical manifestations of puberty. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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10) Professor Radon is studying the ________ system, which produces, circulates, and regulates levels of hormones in the body. A) adrenal B) circulatory C) respiratory D) endocrine Answer: D Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Discuss the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the hormonal feedback loop. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 11) Which of the following statements about the production of hormones at puberty is true? A) The body begins to produce several hormones that have not been present until this time. B) There is an increase in the production of certain hormones. C) Boys' bodies produce more estrogens, and girls' bodies produce more androgens. D) The feedback loop regulating the endocrine system becomes increasingly less important. Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Discuss the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the hormonal feedback loop. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 12) When levels of androgens and estrogens fall below the set points, the ________ stops inhibiting the pituitary gland, thus permitting it to stimulate the release of sex hormones by the gonads. A) thyroid B) adrenal gland C) hypothalamus D) feedback loop Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Discuss the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the hormonal feedback loop. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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13) The maturation of the adrenal glands is called A) androgen. B) estrogen. C) adrenarche. D) HPG axis. Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Discuss the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the hormonal feedback loop. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 14) Adrenarche contributes to the development of ________, signaling the beginning of sexual maturation to others. A) body hair B) body odor C) sex characteristics D) gonads Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Discuss the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the hormonal feedback loop. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 15) Which of the following is part of the feedback loop in the endocrine system? A) adrenal gland B) melatonin C) pituitary gland D) thyroid hormones Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Discuss the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the hormonal feedback loop. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.

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16) Which of the following statements about prenatal development is true? A) Up until about eight weeks after conception, all human brains are masculine. B) Puberty is part of a gradual process that begins at conception. C) Sex hormones do not appear in the brain during fetal development. D) Fetal exposure to cortisol is directly linked to the timing of puberty. Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 17) The average girl in the United States reaches ________, the time of her first menstrual period, sometime between the ages of 12 and 14. A) sexual maturity B) menarche C) puberty D) adrenarche Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 18) Which of the following sex characteristics is the first to develop in boys? A) production of sperm B) appearance of facial hair C) growth of testes and scrotum D) growth of penis Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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19) The first ejaculation of seminal fluid that occurs is A) biologically predetermined. B) genetically inherited. C) often determined culturally. D) two years after accelerated penis growth. Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 20) As Yu Yan's breasts are beginning to develop, she will most likely experience concurrent A) menarche. B) ovulation. C) growth of pubic hair. D) growth in height. Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 21) Which of the following female sex characteristics is usually the last to develop? A) menarche B) regular ovulation C) development of the areola D) growth of pubic hair Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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22) Which of the following statements about puberty in girls is true? A) Regular ovulation and the ability to carry a baby to term usually follow menarche immediately. B) The development of the areola and nipple are far better indicators of sexual maturation than is breast size. C) Menarche occurs very early in the process of sexual development. D) The changes in the nipple and areola occur earlier in large breasts. Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 23) The first sign of puberty in girls is generally A) growth of breasts. B) underarm hair. C) menarche. D) acne. Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 24) Which of the following statements about the timing and tempo of sexual maturation is true? A) In the United States, and in all other countries, menarche typically occurs around age 12. B) The duration of puberty varies widely, from 1.5 to 6 years in girls and 2 to 5 years in boys. C) Adolescents who begin puberty early also complete it early. D) Adolescents who begin puberty earlier usually grow to be taller adults. Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 List the normal sequence of events in puberty for males and females. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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25) Osman is a junior high student anticipating puberty. He wants to know when puberty will start and how long it will take until he looks like and is considered an adult. His health teacher tells him that the timing and rate of puberty A) is highly variable and influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. B) is highly predictable, beginning around 12 years of age and taking four years to complete. C) can be accelerated through good nutrition and excessive exercise. D) is determined more by his environmental and family situation than genetics. Answer: A Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Apply Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 5.1 Apply psychological content and skills for different purposes. 26) Based on research addressing ethnic differences in the timing and rate of pubertal maturation, which American girl would be expected to mature earliest? A) Brandy, a middle-income Black adolescent B) Miranda, a middle-income Mexican adolescent C) Emily, a middle-income White adolescent D) Grace, a middle-income Asian adolescent Answer: A Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Analyze Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry. 27) Which of the following factors is most important in determining the onset of puberty? A) the presence of sexually mature partners in the environment B) whether the individual is healthy enough to begin reproduction C) information coded in an individual's genes D) whether there are nutritional resources available to support a pregnancy Answer: C Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Analyze Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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28) Which of the following statements accurately describes the role leptin plays in the onset of puberty? A) Low levels of leptin increase melatonin production, which triggers puberty. B) Leptin stimulates production of kisspeptin, which triggers puberty. C) Leptin is inhibited by cortisol, which can delay puberty. D) High levels of leptin inhibit kisspeptin, thus delaying puberty. Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 29) Which of the following environmental factors affects the onset of puberty? A) exposure to cold temperatures B) changing seasons C) poor air quality D) amount of light exposure Answer: D Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 30) Sex differences in brain organization predetermine A) sexual behavior during puberty. B) emotional and behavioral problems. C) certain patterns of behavior. D) desire for highly rewarding activities. Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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31) There is growing evidence that puberty affects the brain in ways that increase adolescents' A) aggression levels. B) emotional arousal. C) desire to rebel. D) dependency levels. Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology. 32) After about eight weeks of conception, male fetuses are exposed to higher levels of ______, resulting in a more "masculinized" brain. A) testosterone B) melatonin C) estrogen D) kisspeptin Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Remember Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 33) Which of the following can delay the onset of puberty? A) stress B) childhood abuse C) nutritional deficiencies D) lack of exercise Answer: C Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains.

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34) Differences in the timing and rate of puberty among individuals growing up in the same general environment are largely caused by which factor? A) hormones B) genetics C) exercise D) psychology Answer: B Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Understand Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains. 35) Which of the following factors can hasten the onset of maturation? A) peer pressure B) protein deficiency C) chronic illness D) father absence Answer: D Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss the factors, both biological and environmental, that influence individual variability in pubertal growth and development. Bloom's: Apply Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation APA LO: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology. 36) Lucia, a seventeen-year-old living in a college dormitory, has noticed that her menstrual periods have begun to synchronize with ________, which is compelling evidence that social relationships can affect biological functioning. A) the time her female roommate menstruates B) her most stressful days of the month C) the days she feels most sexually aroused D) her biological sister living in a different city Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning...