Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) PDF

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Summary

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Description

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:

Medication

STUDENT NAME _____________________________________

sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) MEDICATION __________________________________________________________________________

REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

anti-infective, sulfonamide CATEGORY CLASS ______________________________________________________________________ PURPOSE OF MEDICATION

Expected Pharmacological Action Sulfonamides and trimethoprim inhibit bacterial growth by preventing the synthesis of a folic acid derivative, tetrahydrofolate. Folic acid is essential for the production of DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Therapeutic Use - UTIs, which are most often due to infection with Escherichia coli - Otitis media, chancroid, pertussis, shigellosis, and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Complications - Hypersensitivity - Blood dyscrasias - Crystalluria - Kernicterus (Jaundice, increased bilirubin levels, neurotoxic for newborns) - Hyperkalemia

Medication Administration oral only

Contraindications/Precautions - Folate deficiency is a contraindication because it increases the risk of megaloblastic anemia. - Use cautiously in clients who have impaired kidney function (give lower dosages). - Administer with caution to adults older than 65 years who take ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers because of the risk for hyperkalemia.

Interactions

Nursing Interventions Do not give Bactrim to clients who have allergies to: - sulfonamides (sulfa) - thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) - sulfonylurea-type oral hypoglycemics (glipizide, glyburide) - loop diuretics (furosemide)

Increased effects of warfarin, phenytoin, sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics

Client Education Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness - A decrease in the manifestations of UTI, such as frequency, burning, and dysuria - Negative urine cultures and lower WBC counts

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES

- Instruct clients to take Bactrim on an empty stomach with 8 oz of water. - Instruct client to finish entire course of therapy, even if they are feeling better - Advise client to use additional contraception.

THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE

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