Test 1 Plants_Animals_Protist_Bacteria_Archaea PDF

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Test 1 Plants_Animals_Protist_Bacteria_Archaea 50 Questions Multiple choice...

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Bacteria, Protists, Archaea, Plants Animals Test 1 Dinoflagellates ________. Select one: a. possess two flagella b. include species that cause malaria c. lack mitochondria d. are all autotrophic

Question 2 What could you conclude about a plant that has a seed encased in a bright fleshy fruit? Select one: a. It is an angiosperm that is animal pollinated b. It is a gymnosperm that is animal pollinated c. It is an angiosperm that is wind pollinated d. None of the above

Question 3 Assume that some members of an aquatic species of motile, photosynthetic protists evolve to become parasitic to fish. They gain the ability to live in the fish gut, absorbing nutrients as the fish digests food. Over time, which of the following phenotypic changes would you expect to observe in this population of protists? Select one: a. loss of chloroplasts b. gain of a rigid cell wall c. loss of motility d. gain of meiosis

Question 4 If all prokaryotes on Earth suddenly vanished, which of the following would be the most likely and most direct result? Select one: a. Human populations would thrive in the absence of disease b. Bacteriophage numbers would dramatically increase c. There would be no more pathogens on Earth d. The recycling of nutrients would be greatly reduced, at least initially

Question 5 You are looking at two specimens, your friend tells you one is an animal and the other is a fungus. What feature could your friend be using to make this distinction?

Select one: a. Heterotroph b. Multicellular c. Eukaryote d. Cell wall

Question 6 Which statement best describes alternation of generations in plants? Select one: a. It describes that plants have a dominant generation called the sporophyte b. It describes how plants move through both a gametophyte (1n) and sporophyte (2n) stage c. It describes that plants have a dominant generation called the gametophyte d. It describes how plants move through both a gametophyte (2n) and sporophyte (1n) stage

Question 7 In South America there is a species of moth that uses a sloth as a form of transport. The sloth is not affected in anyway by this. What type of ecological relationship do the moth/sloth share? Select one: a. Mutualism b. Amensalism c. Commensalism d. Parasitic

Question 8 A large seaweed that floats freely on the surface of deep bodies of water would be expected to lack which of the following? Select one: a. thalli b. bladders c. gel-forming polysaccharides d. holdfasts

Question 9 A particular species of protist has obtained a chloroplast via secondary endosymbiosis. You know this because the chloroplasts ________. Select one: a. are exceptionally small b. have nuclear and cyanobacterial genes c. have three or four membranes

d. have only a single pigment

Question 10 What animal phyla do earthworms and leeches belong to Select one: a. Annelida b. Arthropoda c. Echinodermata d. Cnidaria

Question 11 What is not a feature found in all vascular plants Select one: a. A life cycle that is sporophyte dominant b. Roots to absorb water c. A life cycle that is gametophyte dominant d. Stomata in the leaves

Question 12 What is the goal of bioremediation? Select one: a. to improve bacteria for production of useful chemicals b. to clean up areas polluted with toxic compounds by using bacteria c. to improve human health with the help of living organisms such as bacteria d. to improve soil quality for plant growth by using bacteria

Question 13 Which of the following have chloroplasts (or structures since evolved from chloroplasts) thought to be derived from ancestral green algae? Select one: a. chlorarachniophytes b. dinoflagellates c. stramenopiles d. apicomplexans

Question 14 A fish that has been salt-cured subsequently develops a reddish colour. You suspect that the fish has been contaminated by the extreme halophile Halobacterium. Which of these features of cells removed from the surface of the fish, if confirmed, would support your suspicion?

1. the presence of the same photosynthetic pigments found in cyanobacteria 2. cell walls that lack peptidoglycan 3. cells that are isotonic to conditions on the surface of the fish 4. cells unable to survive salt concentrations lower than 9% 5. the presence of very large numbers of ion pumps in its plasma membrane Select one: a. 2, 3, 4, and 5 b. 2 and 5 c. 3 and 4 d. 1, 4, and 5

Question 15 Why is competition considered a -/- relationship? Select one: a. Because animals often get hurt when competing b. Because competition ends with one animal winning and another losing c. Because competing requires both animals to expend energy d. All of the above

Question 16 You have found a new prokaryote. What line of evidence would support your hypothesis that the organism is a cyanobacterium? Select one: a. It is an endosymbiont b. It lacks cell walls c. It forms chains called mycelia d. It is able to form colonies and produce oxygen

Question 17 Which statement is true? Select one:

a. Frogs lack a post anal tail so they cannot be chordates b. Frogs are arthropods c. Frogs possess a gastrovascular cavity but only use it for digestion not circulation d. None of the above

Question 18 Which of the following traits do archaea and bacteria share?

Select one: a. composition of the cell wall and lack of a nuclear envelope b. composition of the cell wall c. lack of a nuclear envelope and presence of plasma membrane d. presence of plasma membrane and composition of the cell wall

Question 19 You discover a plant while out walking that you are unfamiliar with. The plant has veins in the leaves, no visible flowers and unprotected seeds. From this you conclude that: Select one: a. The plant is an angiosperm b. The plant is a gymnosperm c. The plant is a fern d. The plant is a bryophyte

Question 20 The genome of modern chloroplasts is roughly 50% the size of the genome of the cyanobacterium from which it is thought to have been derived. In comparison, the genome of Paulinella chromatophora's chromatophore is only slightly reduced relative to the size of the genome of the cyanobacterium from which it is thought to have been derived. What is a valid hypothesis that can be drawn from this comparison? Select one: a. The genome of the cyanobacteria was smaller than the genome of P. chromatophora b. Paulinella chromatophora's chromatophore is the result of an evolutionarily recent endosymbiosis c. Lytic phage infections have targeted the chloroplast genome more often than the P. chromatophora genome d. The genome of the chloroplast ancestor contained many more introns that could be lost without harm, compared to the chromatophore's genome

Question 21 Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that targets prokaryotic (70S) ribosomes, but not eukaryotic (80S) ribosomes. Which of these questions stems from this observation, plus an understanding of eukaryotic origins?

Select one: a. If chloramphenicol inhibits prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes? b. Why aren't prokaryotic ribosomes identical to eukaryotic ribosomes? c. Can chloramphenicol also be used to control human diseases that are caused by archaeans? d. Can chloramphenicol pass through the capsules possessed by many cyanobacteria?

Question 22 Broad-spectrum antibiotics inhibit growth of most intestinal bacteria. Assuming that nothing is done to counter the reduction of intestinal bacteria, a hospital patient who is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics is most likely to become ________. Select one: a. deficient in certain vitamins and nutrients b. antibiotic resistant c. unable to fix carbon dioxide d. unable to synthesise peptidoglycan

Question 23 Unikonta is a supergroup that includes all of the following except ________. Select one: a. plants b. animals c. protists d. fungi

Question 24 Which of the following describe all existing bacteria Select one: a. pathogenic, omnipresent, morphologically diverse b. morphologically diverse, metabolically diverse, extremophiles c. extremophiles, tiny, abundant d. tiny, ubiquitous, metabolically diverse

Question 25 What is not a stressor associated with moving from an aquatic environment to a terrestrial environment? Select one: a. Acquisition of gases b. Predation

c. Gravity d. Light radiation

Question 26 What does the term “germ layers” refer to? Select one: a. A group of cells found in a zygote before gastrulation b. A group of cells that act in defence against pathogens c. A group of cells in an embryo that go on to become tissues and organs d. A group of cells seen only in protostomes

Question 27 Living diatoms contain brownish plastids. If global warming causes blooms of diatoms in the surface waters of Earth's oceans, how might this be harmful to the animals that build coral reefs? Select one: a. The coral animals, which capture planktonic organisms, may be outcompeted by the diatoms b. The diatoms' photosynthetic output may over-oxygenate the water c. The coral animals' endosymbiotic dinoflagellates may get "shaded out" by the diatoms d. The coral animals may die from overeating the plentiful diatoms with their cases of silica

Question 28 The chloroplasts of land plants are thought to have been derived according to which evolutionary sequence? Select one: a. cyanobacteria → green algae → land plants b. cyanobacteria → red algae → green algae → land plants c. cyanobacteria → green algae → fungi → land plants d. red algae → brown algae → green algae → land plants

Question 29 What is the best definition for synapomorphy? Select one: a. Shared common ancestor and some descendants b. Shared derived grouping c. Shared derived trait d. Shared common ancestor and all descendants

Question 30

Which animal phyla shows radial symmetry in both the larval, juvenile and adult forms? Select one: a. Nematoda b. Mollusca c. Cnidaria d. Platyhelminthes

Question 31 Which of the following is characteristic of ciliates? Select one: a. They can exchange genetic material with other ciliates by the process of mitosis b. They use pseudopods as feeding structures c. Most live as solitary autotrophs in fresh water d. They are often multinucleate

Question 32 Which of the following is responsible for nearly 100,000 human deaths worldwide every year? Select one: a. Entamoeba histolytica b. Amoeba proteus c. plasmodial slime moulds d. Dictyostelium discoideum

Question 33 When a mosquito infected with Plasmodium first bites a human, the Plasmodium ________ Select one: a. oocyst undergoes meiosis b. cells cause lysing of the human red blood cells c. cells infect the human liver cells d. gametes fuse, forming an oocyst

Question 34 What is not an advantage of having a true gut over a gastrovascular cavity? Select one: a. Increased palatability (taste) from food b. Specialisation of the gut c. The ability to continually eat (more nutrients) d. Less chance of ingesting own waste

Question 35 Which two genera have members that can evade the human immune system by frequently changing their surface proteins? 1. Plasmodium; 2. Trichomonas; 3. Paramecium; 4. Trypanosoma; 5. Entamoeba Select one: a. 4 and 5 b. 1 and 4 c. 2 and 3 d. 2 and 4

Question 36 In plants the gametophyte generation: Select one: a. Is diploid b. Produces gametes c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

Question 37 Previously understood similarities that seemed to connect slime moulds and fungi are now considered to be ________. Select one: a. examples of convergent evolution b. homologies c. adaptations for much different functions d. variations of common ancestral traits

Question 38 Foods can be preserved in many ways by slowing or preventing bacterial growth. Which of these methods should be LEAST effective at inhibiting bacterial growth? Select one: a. Refrigeration: slows bacterial metabolism and growth b. Closing previously opened containers: prevents more bacteria from entering, and excludes oxygen c. Canning in heavy sugar syrup: creates osmotic conditions that remove water from most bacterial cells d. Pickling: creates a pH at which most bacterial enzymes cannot function

Question 39 In vascular plants phloem:

Select one: a. Carries sugars in one direction b. Carries water and dissolved minerals in multiple directions c. Carries sugars in multiple directions d. Carries water and dissolved minerals in one direction

Question 40 The Arctic fox is referred to as Vulpes lagopus, what part of the name is the genus? Select one: a. Vulpes b. Lagopus c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

Question 41 What is the correct order for classification from Kingdom down to species? Select one: a. Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family genus, species b. Kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, species c. Kingdom, order, class, phylum, family, genus, species d. Kingdom, order, class, phylum, genus, family, species

Question 42 All protists are ________. Select one: a. unicellular b. symbionts c. mixotrophic d. eukaryotic

Question 43 In prokaryotes new mutations accumulate quickly in populations, while in eukaryotes new mutations accumulate much more slowly. The primary reasons for this are ________. Select one: a. prokaryotes have random mutations while eukaryotes can target genes for mutations; thus mutations may not accumulate as quickly in eukaryotes but they are more useful to the organism b. prokaryotes have short generation times and large population sizes c. the DNA in prokaryotes is not as stable as eukaryotic DNA and is thus more likely to mutate

d. prokaryote mutations are less effective than eukaryote mutations in providing variation for evolution

Question 44 If a bacterium regenerates from an endospore that did not possess any of the plasmids that were contained in its original parent cell, the regenerated bacterium will probably also Select one: a. lack antibiotic-resistant genes b. lack water in its cytoplasm c. lack a chromosome d. lack a cell wall

Question 45 The thermoacidophile Sulfolobus acidocaldarius lacks peptidoglycan, but still possesses a cell wall. What is likely to be true of this species? 1. It is a bacterium. 2. It is an archaean. 3. The optimal pH of its enzymes will lie above pH 7. 4. The optimal pH of its enzymes will lie below pH 7. 5. It could inhabit certain hydrothermal springs. 6. It could inhabit alkaline hot springs.

Select one: a. 1, 3, and 5 b. 1, 3, and 6 c. 1, 4, and 5 d. 2, 4, and 5

Question 46 Which protostome has a true gut? Select one: a. Chordata b. Platyhelminthes c. Porifera d. Arthropoda

Question 47

While examining a rock surface, you have discovered an interesting new organism. Which of the following criteria will allow you to classify the organism as belonging to Bacteria but not Archaea or Eukarya?

Select one: a. The lipids in its plasma membrane consist of glycerol bonded to straight-chain fatty acids b. Cell walls are made primarily of peptidoglycan c. It can survive at a temperature over 100°C d. The organism does not have nucleus

Question 48 Mitochondria are thought to be the descendants of certain alpha proteobacteria. They are, however, no longer able to lead independent lives because most genes originally present on their chromosomes have moved to the nuclear genome. Which phenomenon accounts for the movement of these genes? Select one: a. conjugation b. plasmolysis c. translation d. horizontal gene transfer

Question 49 What is the best definition for a plant? Select one: a. A eukaryote that is a photo-heterotroph with chloroplasts b. A prokaryote that is a photo-autotroph with chloroplasts c. A eukaryote that is a photo-autotroph with chloroplasts d. A prokaryote that is a photo-heterotroph with chloroplasts

Question 50 According to the endosymbiotic theory, why was it adaptive for the larger (host) cell to keep the engulfed cell alive, rather than digesting it as food? Select one: a. The engulfed cell allowed the host cell to metabolise glucose b. The engulfed cell provided the host cell with carbon dioxide c. The engulfed cell provided the host cell with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) d. The host cell was able to survive anaerobic conditions with the engulfed cell alive...