The Impact Of Ethanol Concentrations On BETA Vulgaris’ Membrane Permeability PDF

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Beta vulgaris Assignment Sem 1...

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Turnitin'Statement:' ( The(Turnitin(report(showed(27%(similarity.(The(texts(that(were(highlighted(were(1(or(2( sentences(that(have(now(been(changed(by(paraphrasing(them(further(and(the(rest(of(the( similarity(was(one(or(two(words(such(as(membrane(permeability,(my(name(and(my(student( ID(number(and(the(word(Beta(vulgaris.(The(references(were(highlighted.(The(hypothesis(also( came(up(highlighted(but(I(could(not(change(the(hypothesis(as(it(was(determined(by(the(table( group.(There(was(no(further(improvement(made.((

THE$IMPACT$OF$ETHANOL$CONCENTRATIONS$ON$BETA$VULGARIS’S$MEMBRANE$ PERMEABILITY$

Introduction:( The(cell(membrane((plasma(membrane)(is(made(up(of(a(phospholipid(bi-layer.(The( phospholipids(have(two(ends,(the(head(which(is(known(as(the(hydrophilic(and(the(second(is( the(tail,(which(is(known(as(the(hydrophobic.(The(hydrophobic(part(of(the(phospholipid( doesn’t(like(water(whereas(the(hydrophilic(likes(water.(The(cell(membrane(allows(certain( molecules(to(pass(through(the(membrane,(consequently(making(it(selectively(permeable.( Oxygen(and(carbon(dioxide(can(easily(enter(and(exit(from(the(cell.(Nevertheless,(charged( ions(and(large(molecules(cannot(pass(through(the(membrane.(Large(molecules(such(as( amino(acids(and(carbohydrates(pass(through(the(embedded(proteins(in(the(membrane.( (Encyclopedia(Britannica,(2017).((Flinders(University,(2018)'The(cell(membrane(is(composed( of(cells(that(synchronize(the(entry(and(exit(of(nutrients,(waste(products,(gases(and(a(variety( of(different(material.(Apart(from(water(which(passes(through(the(cell(membrane.(This( investigation(considered(the(effects(of(ethanol(at(various(concentrations(and(observed( weather(the(membrane(permeability(of(Beta(vulgaris(was(affected(by(the(different(ethanol( concentrations.'Ethanol(is(known(to(affect(the(shape(of(the(bilayer.(Ethanol(can(also(modify( the(protein(function(by(interacting(directly(to(the(protein((Ingolfsson(HI.(&(Andersen(OS,( 2011).(((This(practical(tested(three(different(concentration(levels(of(ethanol,(20%,(50%(and( 70%.(The(control(of(this(experiment(was(distilled(water.(To(test(the(membrane(permeability( a(spectrophotometer(was(used(to(record(the(qualitative(data.(Spectrophotometry(relies(on(

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the(rule(that(the(materials(that(absorb(lights(of(a(certain(wavelength(as(it(goes(through(the( solution.(It’s(a(method(where(the(level(of(analyte(in(a(solution(is(estimated((The(University( of(Queensland,(2017).(The(hypothesis(for(this(practical(was(the(higher(the(concentration(of( ethanol(the(higher(the(membrane(permeability.((The(research(question(for(this(practical(was( what(is(the(impact(of(increasing(the(concentrations(of(ethanol(on(the(membrane( permeability.(( ( Methods:'' ((Flinders(University,(2017)(Distilled(water(was(he(control(of(this(experiment.(The(variables( or(this(experiment(were(70%,(50%(and(20%(of(ethanol.(The(sample(size(for(this(experiment( was(3,(where(there(were(time(intervals(of(zero,(fifteen(and(30(minutes.(Near(equal(cubes(of( Beta(vulgaris(were(prepared.(The(cubes(had(been(rinsed(repeatedly(with(distilled(water(to( remove(any(exterior(betalain.(The(cubes(were(placed(in(their(individual(solutions,(different( pipettes(were(used(to(take(out(3ml(of(solution(and(placed(into(the(cuvette.(3ml(of(distilled( water(was(filled(into(the(cuvette(by(a(pipette(and(placed(into(the(spectrophotometer(for(the( meter(to(be(0nm.((6(trials(were(done(in(total(1(trial(per(group.(The(cuvette(was(placed(in(to( the(spectrophotometer(starting(with(the(control((0%(ethanol).(Before(placing(the(cuvettes( that(contained(ethanol,(the(cuvette(that(had(distilled(water(placed(into(the( spectrophometer(to(zero(the(machine.((The(results(were(collected(and(the(data(was( analysed(individually(and(discussed(as(a(group.(( ( Results:(( By(observing(the(summary(data(above(it(showed(the(control(which(was(distilled(water(it(did( not(influence(the(membrane(permeability(as(much(as(treatment(3(which(had(70%(of( ethanol(and(had(the(most(effect(on(membrane(permeability.(Looking(at(the(graph(it(showed( that(the(membrane(permeability(at(15(minutes(for(treatment(2((50%)(and(treatment(3( (70%)(were(similar(but,(when(compared(to(the(results(displayed(in(Table(1(i=it(showed(a( drastic(increase(in(membrane(permeability(for(30(minutes(for(treatment(2(and(3.(A(trend( was(noticed(throughout(the(results(that(as(the(concentration(of(ethanol(was(increased(the( absorption(reading(was(also(increased.(In(table(1(it(is(showed(that(the(results(at(0(minutes( were(a(little(irregular(as(for(treatment(1(it(showed(0.014(then(the(absorption(for(treatment(

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2(was(0.016(then(for(treatment(the(absorption(dropped(by(0.001(to(0.015(causing(the(result( not(to(be(accurate(for(0(minutes.(( ( Table'1:'Membrane'permeability'of'Beta'vulgaris'using'a'spectrophotometer.'' Treatment(

Time((minutes)(

(

0(

15(

30(

Control(

0.009(au(

0.002(au(

0.008(au(

Treatment(1(

0.014(au(

0.014(au(

0.026(au(

Treatment(2(

0.016(au(

0.062(au(

0.111(au(

Treatment(3(

0.015(au(

0.068(au(

0.144(au(

( ' 0.069

Absorption(of(light(reading(

0.068 0.067 0.066 0.065 0.064 0.063 0.062 0.061 0.06 0.059 T2((20%)

T3((70%)

Treatments(

Figure'1:''Effects'of'20%'and'70%'of'ethanol'at'15'minutes'on'the'membrane'permeability' of'Beta'vulgaris.' ( Discussion:'' The(aim(for(this(practical(was(to(determine(the(effects(of(ethanol(at(various(concentrations( and(observe(weather(the(concentration(of(ethanol(affected(the(membrane(permeability(of( Beta(vulgaris(cells.(A(projected(hypothesis(was(as(the(concentration(of(ethanol(increases(the( membrane(permeability(will(also(increase.(Based(on(the(results(shown(above(the(hypothesis( was(supported(as(in(Table(1(it(showed(that(the(highest(concentration(of(ethanol(was(70%(

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therefore(it(had(the(highest(absorption(rate.(The(results(were(predictable(as(it(is(researched( that(the(effect(of(ethanol(is(strong(causing(the(shape(of(the(membrane(to(distort((Goldstein' DB,'1986).(It(is(also(stated(that(when(ethanol(comes(into(contact(with(the(bi(layer(the( bilayer(becomes(more(fluid(and(permeable((Patra,(M(et.al,(2006).(The(limitation(for(this( practical(was(that(the(spectrophotometer(kept(on(giving(negative(readings(for(the(control( (distilled(water).(It(didn’t(affect(the(results(as(when(calculating(the(mean(those(results(with( the(negative(number(were(considered(as(a(zero.(Overall,(the(results(gave(a(positive(trend(as( seen(in(table(1(and(figure(1.(The(second(limitation(for(this(practical(was(the(placing(of(the( decimal(point,(which(was(3(this(made(it(easier(as(the(results(would(be(more(precise.(The( third(limitation(would(be(an(error(done(by(the(experimenter(when(observing(the(meniscus( of(the(solution(at(3ml(causing(the(results(not(to(be(accurate,(as(seen(in(table(1(for(treatment( 2(which(was(50%(ethanol(and(the(result(for(that(at(zero(minutes(was(0.016(which(is(higher( than(the(results(for(70%(ethanol((Treatment(3)(at(zero(minutes(which(was(0.015.( ( Conclusion:'' In(summary,(the(results(indicated(that(the(higher(the(concentration(the(higher(the( membrane(permeability.(In(table(1(it(shows(that(a(higher(concentration(of(ethanol(had( higher(absorbance(reading(as(compared(to(the(50%(and(20%(ethanol(and(distilled(water.( (Flinders(University,(2017)(The(way(this(research(could(be(used(outside(of(the(laboratory(is( to(classify(if(the(colour(intensity(of(the(plant(is(high(as(it(would(determine(higher(membrane( permeability.(( ((( Word(Count:(1070( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

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( Reference'List:'' 1. Encyclopedia(Britannica,(2018,(Encyclopedia,Britannica,,viewed(22(March(2018,(

.(( ( 2. Flinders(University((2018)(Biology(Molecular(Basis(of(Life:(General(Information(and(

Laboratory(Manual.(School(of(Biological(Sciences.(Viewed(23(March(2018.(( 3. Goldstein,(D.B.,(1986.(Effect(of(alcohol(on(cellular(membranes.(Annals,of,Emergency,

Medicine,(15(9),(pp.1013–1018.(.( ( 4. Ingolfsson(HI.(&(Andersen(OS.,(2011.(Alcohol's(Effects(on(Lipid(Bilayer(

Properties.(Biophysical,Journal,(101(4),(pp.847–55.( .( ( 5. Patra,(M(et(al.,(2006.(Under(the(influence(of(alcohol:(The(effect(of(ethanol(and(

methanol(on(lipid(bilayers.(Biophysical,Journal,(90(4),(pp.1121–1135.(.(( ( 6. The(University(of(Queensland(Australia,(2017,(Diamantina,Institute,,Viewed(25(

March(2018,(.(( ( (...