Theophylline (Theodur) PDF

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ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:

Medication

STUDENT NAME _____________________________________

theophylline (Theodur) MEDICATION __________________________________________________________________________

17 REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

Methylxanthines CATEGORY CLASS ______________________________________________________________________ PURPOSE OF MEDICATION

Expected Pharmacological Action - Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation - Once the first‑line medication for asthma, now used infrequently because newer medications are safer and more effective

Therapeutic Use Oral theophylline is used for long-term control of chronic asthma or COPD.

Complications - Mild toxicity reaction can include GI distress and restlessness. - More severe reactions can occur with higher therapeutic levels and can include dysrhythmias and seizures.

Medication Administration oral IV (emergency use only)

Contraindications/Precautions - Pregnancy Risk Category C - Use cautiously in clients who have heart disease, hypertension, liver and kidney dysfunction, and diabetes mellitus. - Use cautiously in children and older adults

Interactions - Caffeine - Phenobarbital, phenytoin, and rifampin decrease theophylline levels. - Cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, and other fluoroquinolone antibiotics increase theophylline levels.

Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness Depending on therapeutic intent, effectiveness is evidenced by long‑term control of asthma and COPD.

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES

Nursing Interventions - Monitor theophylline serum levels to keep within therapeutic range (5 to 15 mcg/mL). Adverse effects are unlikely to occur at levels less than 20 mcg/mL. - If severe adverse effects occur, stop the medication. Activated charcoal is used to decrease absorption, lidocaine is used to treat dysrhythmias, and diazepam is used to control seizures.

Client Education - Advise clients to avoid consuming caffeinated beverages (coffee, caffeinated colas). - Advise clients to take the medication as prescribed. If a dose is missed, the following dose should not be doubled.

THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE

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