Unit 1 The Global Tapestry 1200 1450 PDF

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Summary

Hitosry of the sound of mind and body....

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C. 1200 to c. 1450 8-10% AP exam weighting

Name: Dana Garibaldi Period: 1A

Topic 1.1 - Development in East Asia from c. 1200 to c. 1450 Learning Objectives: Explain the systems of government employed by Chinese dynasties and how they developed over time.   Explain the effect of Chinese cultural traditions on East Asia over time.  Explain the effects of innovation on the Chinese economy over time.  Name Dynastic system   

Location China

Song Dynasty China    Confucianism China    China 5 relationships of Confucianism 

Significance (Why should we remember this?) Each dynasty rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak, and then because of corruption, declines, falls, and is replaced. This cycle is notable throughout history.

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Leading and prosperous empire in Afro-Eurasia and Americas in 13th century Diversity, innovation, wealthy, politically stable

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Philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius Humans are good, teachable, improvable, and perfectible through personal and communal endeavors Popular in Song Dynasty

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Ruler to ruled Father to son Husband to wife Elder brother to younger brother Friend to friend (equal here) Dictates how relationships function for people who follow Confucianism 1

Filial piety    

China

Honor your parents, important value for people who follow Confucianism

China Neo Confucianism   

Movement in religious philosophy derived from Confucianism in China in response to Taoism and Buddhism. More realistic and unrelated to religion, not so spiritual as Taoism and Buddhism.

The branch of Southeast Asia Buddhism:  Theravada -

Focused on personal spiritual growth through meditation and self-discipline. Strong in Southeast Asia.

The branch of China, Korea Buddhism: Mahayana - 

Focused on spiritual growth for everyone and service. Strong in China and Korea.

The branch of Tibet Buddhism: Tibetan 

Focused on chanting. Strong in Tibet.

Champa rice - China   

The Song Dynasty gave this rice to peasants across China in order to boost yields, fed large population (100 million). Innovative methods of production (manure to enrich soil, irrigation systems, plows) contributed to agricultural success. Lots of food. Population grew.

Grand Canal - China   

Inexpensive and efficient waterway transportation system. Let China be the most populous trading area in the world.

Steel and iron East Asia production in (China) East Asia   

Used iron and steel to make bridges, gates, anchors, religious items. Strengthened agricultural equipment.

Dhows    

Lateen-rigges ship with one or two masts, used in Indian Ocean. Used to carry heavy items like fruit, fresh water, etc.

Indian Ocean

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Movable type China   

Song Dynasty invented the first known movable-typing system for printing using ceramic materials. Many books were made and ideas were preserved. Info was more reliable as a result.

Junks   

China

Wooden Chinese sailing ships used by merchants to carry goods along rivers and canals or by sea. Also used by pirates, who stole from the merchant ships. First ships to have rudders, allowed for easy steering.

Lateen sail  

China

A triangular sail on a long yard at an angle of 45 degrees to the mast. Allowed ships to be more maneuverable and reliable.

Civil service exam  

China

Expanded educational opportunities for men to obtain desired jobs in bureaucracy. Test based on knowledge of Confucian texts. In the end, there were so many well paying government jobs that the government was running out of money

Foot Binding  

China

Girls have feet wrapped tightly so that bones did not grow naturally. Bound foot = better social status. Desirable for suitors. Restricted women’s ability to move so they didn’t participate much in public. Banned in 1912.

Topic 1.2 - Developments in Dar al-Islam from c. 1200 to c. 1450 Learning Objectives: Explain how systems of belief and their practices affected society in the period from c. 1200 to c. 1450.  Explain the causes and effects of the rise of Islamic states over time.   Explain the effects of intellectual innovation is Dar al-Islam.  Name

Location

Significance (Why should we remember this?)

Dar al-Islam   

Islamic Empire

Term used by Muslim scholars to refer to those countries where Muslims can practice their religion as the ruling sect and other religions are tolerated. 

Islam   

India to Spain Islam started to spread after the death of Muhammad. The Islamic community helped transfer knowledge throughout Afro-Eurasia.

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Medina   

Medina

The place where Muhammed established the Muslim community after his flight from Mecca and where his body is entombed. A pilgrimage is made to his tomb into the city’s chief mosque. Only Muslims can enter the city.

Quran   

Where Islam is practiced

Islamic sacred book, word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic

Mecca    

Saudi Arabia

Holiest city in Islam

Hijra    

India

Third gender role. Neither male nor female, but both. Intersex or transgender.

Umma   

Where Islam is practiced

The whole community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion

Shari’a  

Where Islam is practiced

Governs not only religious rituals but also aspects of day-to-day life in Islam, means “the way”. Interpreted and implemented in many different ways.

Jizya    

Where Islam is practiced

Taxation in form of financial charge on permanent non-Muslim subjects (dhimmi) of a state governed by Islamic law

Ulama   

Where Islam is practiced

A body of Muslim scholars recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology.

Qadi  

Islamic countries

A judge

Shia (shi’ites) Islamic countries   

One of two main branches of Islam. Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor and the Imam (leader) after him.

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Sunni   

Islamic countries

Larger islamic branches. Less elaborate religious hierarchy. Do not give humans exalted status, while Shiites do.

Imam  

Islamic countries

Person who leads prayers in a mosque

Jihad   

Islamic countries

A struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam

Caliphate / caliph   

Islamic countries

Islamic state led by a caliph, a political and religious leader who is a successor to Muhammad. Ultimate power and authority.

Muhammad Islamic (Mohammed) religion  

Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. Unified most of Arabia under a single religion.

Muslim   

Islamic countries

People who follow Islam

Abu Bakr   

Islamic countries

Companion and father in law of Muhammad

Seljuk Empire Central Asia   

Muslim group who conquered parts of Middle East, eventually extending power to Western China.

Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt 

Egypt

Mamluks, enslaved people recruited to serve as soldiers and bureaucrats, took over the government and established the Mamluk Sultanate

Delhi sultanates (India)  

India

Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate: Mamluk, Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi. Ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance. Indo-Muslim fusion made new architecture, music, literature, and religion.

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Abbasid Caliphate 

Arabia, Persia Led by Arabs, Persians, and Turkics. Advances in science, math, and medicine.

India Islamic advances in mathematics  

Studied mathematics texts from India and transferred knowledge to Europeans.

Qanat   

Middle East

A gently sloping underground channel or tunnel constructed to lead water from the interior of a hill to a village below. Determined where people lived. Largest towns located at low elevations of floors of basins and in broad river valleys.

Noria   

Arabia

Hydro-powered machine used to lift water into a small aqueduct. Used for irrigation or villages.

Islamic advances in literature  

Arabia

Translated Greek literary classes into Arabic, saving their works.

Ibn Battuta   

Morocco

Muslim scholar and traveler. Covered nearly all of the Islamic world and beyond.

Ibn Rushd (aka Averroes)  

Cordoba

Author of more than 100 books and treatises. Wrote commentaries on Aristotle, gaining him recognition in the West as The Commentator and Father of Rationalism. Chief judge and court physician for the Almohad Caliphate.

Islamic advances in medicine  

Islamic countries

Developed medical literature. Treatments developed from tradition. Ophthalmology invented.

How did Muslims preserve Greek moral and natural philosophy?

Islamic countries

They translated their works and documents into Arabic and studied them. Sometimes they even built on their ideas.

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House of Wisdom   

Baghdad

Library that had scientists and academics preserving the knowledge acquired by Abbasids. Research and study of alchemy was also done here. Alchemy research used to create the structure of modern chemistry.

Scholarly and cultural transfers in Muslim and Christian Spain

Islamic states, Spain

Exchanged religious ideas, libraries, colleges, literature, poetry, architecture

Topic 1.3 - Development in South and Southeast Asia c. 1200 to c. 1450 Learning Objectives: Explain how the various belief systems and practices of South and Southeast Asia affected society over time.  Explain how and why various states of South and Southeast Asia developed and maintained power over time. Name Bhakti movement     

Location

Significance (Why should we remember this?)

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Sufism     Buddhist monasticism 

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Hindu/Buddhist States

Vijayanagara  Empire

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Srivijaya Empire  

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Rajput kingdoms   

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Khmer Empire   

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Majapahit Empire   

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Sukhothai kingdom   

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Sinhala dynasties   

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Khuber Pass  

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 Deccan Plateau   

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Monsoon / rohini   

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Raj / raja    

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Angkor Watt    

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Topic 1.4 - State Building in the Americas Learning Objectives: Explain how and why states in the Americas developed and changed over time. Name Maya city-states  

Location

Significance (Why should we remember this?)

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Mexica / Aztecs   Inca    9

Chaco Canyon  Mesa Verde   Cahokia   Chinampas    Calpulli    Maize    Quipu   

Topic 1.5 - State Building in Africa Learning Objectives: Explain how and why states in Africa developed and changed over time.  Name Bantus   

Location

Significance (Why should we remember this?)

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Great Zimbabwe   10

Ethiopia    Hausa kingdoms  

Topic 1.6 - Developments in Europe from c. 1200 to c. 1450 Learning Objectives: Explain how the beliefs and practices of the predominant religions in Europe affected European society.  Explain the causes and consequences of political decentralization in Europe from c. 1200 to c. 1450.   Explain the effects of agriculture on social organization in Europe from c. 1200 to 1450.  Name

Location

Significance (Why should we remember this?)

Decentralization   

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Feudalism    Manorial system    Fief    Vassal   11

Serfdom   

Topic 1.7 - Comparison in the Period from c. 1200 to c. 1450 Explain the similarities and differences in the process of state formation from c. 1200 to c. 1450.  Similarities

Differences

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