Week 11 & 12 Structure Lists PDF

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Week 11 Structure List -

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Neuromuscular junction (study the parts of the synapse) Fascicle - bundles of muscle fibers, surrounded by perimysium, peach dots on model Muscle fiber - also known as muscle cell, are elongated and part of skeletal muscle, is the whole cylindrical structure on the model Connective tissue sheaths of skeletal muscle - where artery, nerve, or veins pass through - Epimysium - dense irregular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle, is the web stringy design layer on the model - Perimysium - fibrous connective tissue surrounding fascicles, is the peach layer on the model - Endomysium - fine areolar connective tissue surrounding each muscle fiber, is the most deep layer of the model that is a whitish layer Sarcolemma - plasma membrane of skeletal muscle fiber Myofibrils - dark pink zig-zag line under cupcake liner on model, densely packed, rodlike elements that make up about 80% of cell volume, contains / made up of sarcomeres, and exhibit striations of A bands and I bands Sarcoplasmic reticulum - blue stuff on plastic cover, network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum surrounding each myofibril, allows muscles to depolarize by storing and then releasing calcium T-tubule/transverse tubules - yellow part on plastic cover, where calcium binds into the actin, continuations of sarcolemma, penetrate cell’s interior at each A band and I band junction, and is associated with paired terminal cisternae Terminal cisternae - have 2 of them, form perpendicular cross channels, associated with t-tubules, Calcium - stored in sarcoplasmic reticulum, facilitates binding of myosin and actin during muscle contraction Triad - formed by T-tubules and 2 terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, encircles each sarcomere, and act as voltage sensors Mitochondria - red beans on model, aids muscle metabolism (aerobic respiration), produces ATP energy Motor end plate - contains receptors and is involved in releasing acetylcholine from synaptic vesicles Axon - contains myelin Myelin - white spaces inside axon Vesicles - store acetylcholine, white beads on model - Acetylcholine - is neurotransmitter stored in vesicles, activates motor neurons that cause/trigger muscles to contract Synaptic cleft - transports neurotransmitters from one synapse to another, is gap between two connecting neurons where neurotransmitters are released Actin (thin filament) - red licorice structure, move along myosin filaments - Troponin - green beads of licorice, moves tropomyosin away from myosinbinding sites, helps myosin heads bind to actin

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- Tropomyosin - blocks active sites on actin at lower intracellular Myosin (thick filament) - move along actin filaments, hydrolizes ATP for muscle contraction Head/cross bridges - blue leaf structures on model Sarcomere - region between 2 successive z discs - Z line / disc - red zig-zag hexagon, coin-shaped sheet of proteins on midline of light I band that anchors thin filaments and connects myofibrils to one another - M line - black hexagon, line of protein myomesin that bisects the H zone (M line sits in the H zone) - A Band - everything between the z discs/lines, goes from actin to actin, and thick filaments run the entire length of an A band - I Band - from blue part to blue part, thin filaments run length of I band and pathway into A band - H zone - lighter region (gap) in midsection of dark A band where filaments do not overlap Reflex Arc - a receptor stimulates a sensory neuron which goes to an integration center that activates a motor neuron and the motor neuron causes a effector (muscle) to respond to the efferent impulse - Causes the stretch reflex of muscles (ex: knee reflex)

Week 12 Structure List Brachial Plexus - Medial cord - formed from an anterior division and inferior trunk, forms ulnar branch - Lateral cord - formed by 2 anterior divisions and superior & middle trunks, forms musculocutaneous branch - Posterior cord - formed by 3 posterior divisions and superior/middle/inferior trunks, forms axillary and radial branches - Median nerve - is a branch formed by lateral and medial cords - Ulnar nerve - formed by medial cord - Musculocutaneous nerve - formed by lateral cord - Axillary nerve - formed by posterior cord - Radial nerve - formed by posterior cord Week 12, 13, and 14 Structure Lists * Know how to identify forearm and hand muscles on cadavers based on characteristics...