1-2 Lab 1 Density and Measurements PDF

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Summary

1-2 Lab 1 Density and Measurements of Algebra-based Physics I Lab...

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Miami Dade College/North Campus PHY2048L Lab “Density of Unknown Material: Measurements and Graphing.” Purpose: To find the mathematical and graphical relationship between mass and volume of unknown cylinders, while practicing measurements with the correct number of significant figures and applying the rules for uncertainty determination.

Materials: ● ● ● ●

Mystery Density Set Triple beam or electronic balance Ruler or Caliper Computer with Logger Pro

Pre Lab Questions: 1. In your own words define density and explain what would you determine the density of an object? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. On the Space below, draw or sketch a low density object and a higher density object, explain your drawings.

Procedure: 1. Measurements averages, absolute errors, and relative error. Select the six largest cylinders from the set: ● Use the caliper to measure their diameter (D) in centimeters. Record your measurement in table 1. ● Use the ruler to measure their length in centimeters. Record your measurements in table 1.

● Determine their corresponding averages. Remember unweighted average is found as: ● Determine the absolute error in your measurements, to do so first find the absolute value of the difference between each measurement and the average, record that on table 1. Then find the average

of the difference, basically:

.

● Record your diameter and length using the average, absolute error format, (

)

● Determine the relative error in your measurements; ● Determine the average Volume of the cylinders and it corresponding absolute error. 2. Density of Materials. ● Use the caliper and ruler to measure the diameter and length of each of the 12 cylinders, record your measurements in data table 2; ● Calculate the volume of each cylinder, record your results in data table2; ● Use the triple beam balance or the digital scale to determine the mass (M) of each cylinder, record your measurements in data table 2; ● Calculate the density (ρ) of each cylinder, record your result in data table 2; ● Use Logger Pro and graph Mass vs. Volume for your cylinder sets; and ● Determine the mathematical relationship between mass and volume.

Data: Table 1 Trial

d (cm)

1

(1.588±0.01)cm

L (cm)

(cm) |1.588-1.587|cm=

(cm)

(11.00±0.05)cm

|11.00-9.75|cm=1.25

(10.50±0.05)cm

|10.50-9.75|cm=0.75

(10.00±0.05)cm

|10.00-9.75|cm=0.75

(9.50±0.05)cm

|9.50-9.75|cm=0.25

(9.00±0.05)cm

|10.50-9.75|cm=0.75

(8.50±0.05)cm

|8.50-9.75|cm=1.25

0.001 cm 2

(1.584±0.001)cm

|1.584-1.587|cm= 0.003 cm

3

(1.587±0.001)cm

|1.587-1.587|cm= 0.000 cm

4

(1.584±0.001)cm

|1.584-1.587|cm= 0.003 cm

5

(1.581±0.001)cm

|1.581-1.581|cm= 0.006 cm

6

(1.585±0.001)cm

|1.585-1.587|cm= 0.002 cm

Average

0.002 cm

1.587cm

0.75

9.75 cm

Table 2 Trial

d (cm)

L (cm)d2

V (cm3) V=

1

(1.588±0.001)cm

M (g)

Material

π∗d∗d 4

(11.00±0.05)c

(PI*d^2)/2

(31.10±0.01)

m

=

g

1.43

Polystyrene

1.05

Acetyl

21.79±??? 2

1.584

10.50

20.69

21.80

3

1.587

10.00

19.78

28.10

1.42

Polystyrene

4

1.584

9.50

18.72

19.70

1.05

Acetyl

5

1.581

9.00

17.89

25.30

1.41

Polystyrene

6

1.585

8.50

16.77

17.60

1.05

Acetyl

7

1.594

8.00

15.96

22.60

1.42

Polystyrene

8

1.589

7.50

15.96

15.70

1.06

Acetyl

9

1.592

7.00

14.87

19.80

1.42

Polystyrene

10

1.586

6.50

13.93

13.50

1.05

Acetyl

11

1.597

6.00

12.84

17.20

1.45

Polystyrene

12

1.584

5.50

10.84

11.50

1.06

Acetyl

13

1.592

5.00

9.95

14.30

1.44

Polystyrene

14

1.587

4.50

8.90

9.50

1.07

Acetyl

15

1.591

4.00

7.95

11.40

1.43

Polystyrene

Analysis: 1. Why is the relative error of the length, larger than that of the diameter? 2. What is the meaning of the slope of the lines in your Mass vs. Volume graph? 3. Based on your results from table two and your graph, are all cylinders made out of the same material? Explain 4. Some cylinders are made out of acetyl and others out of polystyrene, their corresponding densities are 1.04 g/cm3 and 1.42 g/cm3: ● Complete the last column of Table 2, by identifying the material used in making a given cylinder; ● Determine your percentage errors in your slopes; ● Determine the average density for each set of six cylinders and its absolute error. Conclusions: For all conclusions make sure to follow Appendix A and B.

● Definitions ● Equations ● Meanings of Slope and Y-intercept ● Discussion of sources of errors ● Sources...