2015psy practice exam/answers PDF

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2015psy practice exam/answers...

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Question 1 In dealing with boys, teachers are likely to __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

autonomy autonomy

step back, permitting her daughter to take more responsibility for the task step back, permitting her daughter to take more responsibility for the task

Question 5 Recent research on object permanence suggests that Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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Most 3- to 6-year-olds do not want to be friends with a child who violates a gender stereotype.

Question 4 Elizabeth selects a task that her 2-year-old can master but that is challenging enough that the child cannot do it by herself. According to Vygotsky's ideas, once her daughter's competence increases, Elizabeth should __________. Selected Answer:

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Most 3- to 6-year-olds do not want to be friends with a child who violates a gender stereotype.

Question 3 Once children have a sense of __________, they become less contrary than they were as toddlers. Selected Answer:

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expect them to misbehave more often than girls

Question 2 Which statement about gender-stereotyped beliefs and behavior is true? Selected Answer:

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expect them to misbehave more often than girls

sensorimotor children lack the attention needed to remember where hidden objects have been placed. before 12 months, infants have difficulty translating what they know about object location into a successful search strategy.

Question 6 When an unfamiliar adult offers Heather a toy, she hesitates and looks at her mother, who smiles and nods. Heather then reaches out and takes the toy. This is an example of

Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

language; sensorimotor activity preoperational thought; sensorimotor activity

goodness-of-fit goodness-of-fit

Question 10 Pablo's mother works for a company that provides flexible work schedules and generous sick leave for parents whose children are ill. Her work setting indirectly enhances Pablo's development. In Bronfenbrenner's model, this is an example of a(n) __________ support. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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the core knowledge perspective

Question 9 Two-year-old Gavin is a difficult and highly emotional toddler. Because his parents react to his outbursts with calmness, warmth, and sensitivity, Gavin is slowly learning to regulate his emotions. This is consistent with the __________ model. Selected Answer:

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the core knowledge perspective

Question 8 Although Piaget acknowledged that __________ is our most flexible means of mental representation, he did not regard it as the primary ingredient in childhood cognitive change but, instead, believed that __________ leads to internal images of our experiences. Selected Answer:

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social referencing.

Question 7 Professor Walker believes that babies are born with a set of innate knowledge systems that permit a ready grasp of new, related information and therefore support early, rapid development. Professor Walker's beliefs are consistent with __________. Selected Answer:

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social referencing.

exosystem exosystem

Question 1 Gains in perspective taking permit the transition to: Selected

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Answer:

rule-oriented games.

Correct Answer:

rule-oriented games.

Question 2 , Two-year-old Aidan says, We saw two deers. Aidan is demonstrating Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

about two weeks about two weeks

the core knowledge perspective the core knowledge perspective

Question 6 Pablo's mother works for a company that provides flexible work schedules and generous sick leave for parents whose children are ill. Her work setting indirectly enhances Pablo's development. In Bronfenbrenner's model, this is an example of a(n) __________ support. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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resistant

Question 5 Professor Walker believes that babies are born with a set of innate knowledge systems that permit a ready grasp of new, related information and therefore support early, rapid development. Professor Walker's beliefs are consistent with __________. Selected Answer:

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resistant

Question 4 The germinal period lasts __________. Selected Answer:

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over-regularisation.

Question 3 When placed in the Strange Situation, baby Amanda seek closeness to her mother before separation but displays angry behaviour when her mother returns. What type of attachment would she be classified as having? Selected Answer:

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over-regularisation.

Question 7

exosystem exosystem

Josef is a toddler in Erikson's autonomy versus shame and doubt stage of psychosocial development.His parents can foster his sense of autonomy by __________. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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allowing Josef to choose bedtime and naptime stories

Question 8 When assessing temperament, what two early-appearing, stable individual differences are studied? Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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letting Josef develop friendships without parental guidance

emotion and attention reactivity and self-regulation

Question 9 Harriet is pregnant, and in the early weeks of her pregnancy she used some illegal substances. This concerns her because she understands that the __________ period, when the developing infant is most susceptible to teratogenic effects, occurred during those weeks. Selected Answer:

embryonic

Correct Answer:

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embryonic Question 10 Central to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory is the biological concept of __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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adaptation

Question 1 From birth on, infants prefer to listen to __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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adaptation

infant-directed speech (IDS) infant-directed speech (IDS)

Question 2 Which statement about theory of mind and children with autism is true? Selected Answer:

Even after reaching the intellectual level of an average 4-year-old, autistic children have great difficulty with false belief.

Correct Answer:

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Even after reaching the intellectual level of an average 4-year-old, autistic children have great difficulty with false belief. Question 3 In dealing with boys, teachers are likely to __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

underextension.

overextension overextension

Question 6 Children who are advanced in development of __________ tend to be better at delaying gratification. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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underextension.

Question 5 Two-year-old Amelia has heard her father use "close" to describe sealing a bag and shutting a door, but never to describe the act of zipping up a zipper. Based on her previous observations, one day she asks her father to "close" the zipper on her jacket. This is an example of __________. Selected Answer:

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expect them to misbehave more often than girls

Question 4 One-year-old Fiona uses the word doggie to refer only to her family's pet dog and not to other dogs. Fiona's error is known as an Selected Answer:

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expect them to misbehave more often than girls

attention, language, and suppressing negative emotion attention, language, and suppressing negative emotion

Question 7 Erikson's image of __________ captures the diverse changes in young children's emotional and social lives as they develop a confident self-image, more effective control over their emotions, and new social skills. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

initiative initiative

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Question 8 Animistic thinking is Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities

Question 9 Which of the following is NOT a potential teratogen? Selected Answer:

All of the above are teratogens

Correct Answer:

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All of the above are teratogens Question 10 Babies' earliest categories are based on __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

is permanent and may be evident at any point throughout life

all of the above are associated with FAS in childhood all of the above are associated with FAS in childhood

Question 3 Which of the following theories is concerned with the adaptive value of behavior and its evolutionary significance? Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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is permanent and may be evident at any point throughout life

Question 2 Mary's mother consumed high levels of alcohol during pregnancy and Mary has foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) as a result. In childhood, Mary is likely to show which of the following? Selected Answer:

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similar overall appearance or prominent object part

Question 1 Mental impairment associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) __________. Selected Answer:

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two correlated features

Question 4

ethology ethology

In dealing with boys, teachers are likely to __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

consist largely of observable characteristics. consist largely of observable characteristics.

before 12 months, infants have difficulty translating what they know about object location into a successful search strategy. before 12 months, infants have difficulty translating what they know about object location into a successful search strategy.

Question 8 Children who are advanced in development of __________ tend to be better at delaying gratification. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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similar overall appearance or prominent object part

Question 7 Recent research on object permanence suggests that Selected Answer:

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similar overall appearance or prominent object part

Question 6 Preschoolers' self-concepts Selected Answer:

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expect them to misbehave more often than girls

Question 5 Babies' earliest categories are based on __________. Selected Answer:

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expect them to misbehave more often than girls

attention, language, and suppressing negative emotion attention, language, and suppressing negative emotion

Question 9 Research on self-conscious emotions indicates that among Western children, __________ is associated with feelings of personal inadequacy and with maladjustment. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

intense shame

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intense shame Question 10 Whenever 2-year-old Sophie gets hurt, she cries, and then her parents kiss her injury and ask her if she is all right. One day when Sophie stubbed her toe, she looked at her mother's face and waited for her mother to ask if she was all right before bursting into tears. This is an example of __________. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

autonomy

exosystem exosystem

Question 3 To parents of preschoolers, fine-motor progress is most apparent in __________ and __________. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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autonomy

Question 2 Pablo's mother works for a company that provides flexible work schedules and generous sick leave for parents whose children are ill. Her work setting indirectly enhances Pablo's development. In Bronfenbrenner's model, this is an example of a(n) __________ support. Selected Answer:

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social referencing

Question 1 According to Erikson's theory, parents who provide suitable guidance and reasonable choices foster their child's sense of __________. Selected Answer:

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social referencing

children's care of their own bodies; their drawings and paintings children's care of their own bodies; their drawings and paintings

Question 4 Nina is pregnant and lives in an old apartment building with paint flaking off the walls. Nina should be concerned about prenatal __________ exposure. Selected Answer:

Lead

Correct Answer:

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Question 5 Two-year-old Amelia has heard her father use "close" to describe sealing a bag and shutting a door, but never to describe the act of zipping up a zipper. Based on her previous observations, one day she asks her father to "close" the zipper on her jacket. This is an example of __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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overextension overextension

Question 6 When Mary watched a construction vehicle dig dirt out of a hole, he doesn't know the word excavator, so when he wants to talk about this vehicle she: Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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Lead

uses a word she already knows to coin a new label dirt digger uses a word she already knows to coin a new label dirt digger

Question 7 Which of the following is the best example of a cohort effect? Selected Answer:

Compared to twenty years ago, today's children are much more likely to have computer skills.

Correct Answer:

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Compared to twenty years ago, today's children are much more likely to have computer skills. Question 8 Whenever 2-year-old Sophie gets hurt, she cries, and then her parents kiss her injury and ask her if she is all right. One day when Sophie stubbed her toe, she looked at her mother's face and waited for her mother to ask if she was all right before bursting into tears. This is an example of __________. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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social referencing social referencing

Question 9 When an unfamiliar adult offers Heather a toy, she hesitates and looks at her mother, who smiles and nods. Heather then reaches out and takes the toy. This is an example of

Selected Answer:

social referencing.

Correct Answer:

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social referencing. Question 10 Research on self-conscious emotions indicates that among Western children, __________ is associated with feelings of personal inadequacy and with maladjustment. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

Compared to twenty years ago, today's children are much more likely to have computer skills.

parents can feel triggered by the emotional needs of their babies, due to their own history of neglect or abuse parents can feel triggered by the emotional needs of their babies, due to their own history of neglect or abuse

Question 3 Reaching and grasping, like many other motor skills, start out as __________ and __________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Compared to twenty years ago, today's children are much more likely to have computer skills.

Question 2 As described in the video on interventions happening with at-risk families in New York City, a typical reason a caregiver may not be responsive to their baby's emotional needs is__________. Selected Answer:

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intense shame

Question 1 Which of the following is the best example of a cohort effect? Selected Answer:

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intense shame

hardwired behaviors; evolve into softly assembled movements gross, diffuse activity; move toward mastery of fine movements

Question 4 Which of the following theories is concerned with the adaptive value of behavior and its evolutionary significance? Selected Answer:

ethology

Correct Answer:

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Question 5 Whenever 2-year-old Sophie gets hurt, she cries, and then her parents kiss her injury and ask her if she is all right. One day when Sophie stubbed her toe, she looked at her mother's face and waited for her mother to ask if she was all right before bursting into tears. This is an example of __________. Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

resistant resistant

All of the above are teratogens All of the above are teratogens

Question 8 Billy makes mastery-oriented attributions. He is more likely to: Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

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social referencing

Question 7 Which of the following is NOT a potential teratogen? Selected Answer:

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social referencing

Question 6 When placed in the Strange Situation, baby Amanda seek closeness to her mother before separation but displays angry behaviour when her mother returns. What type of attachment would she be classified as having? Selected Answer:

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ethology

believe he can succeed at challenging tasks by increasing his effort. believe he can succeed at challenging tasks by increasing his effort.

Question 9 When an unfamiliar adult offers Heather a toy, she hesitates and looks at her mother, who smiles and nods. Heather then reaches out and takes the toy. This is an example of Selected Answer: Correct

social referencing.

Answer:

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Question 10 Animistic thinking is Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

Correct Answer:

children's care of their own bodies; their drawings and paintings

parental divorce failure to find his expected niche at University

exosystem exosystem

Question 4 Animistic thinking is Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

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children's care of their own bodies; their drawings and paintings

Question 3 Pablo's mother works for a company that provides flexible work schedules and generous sick leave for parents whose children are ill. Her work setting indirectly enhances Pablo's development. In Bronfenbrenner's model, this is an example of a(n) __________ support. Selected Answer:



the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities

Question 2 Which of the following is non-nomative life events impact Neil from 7 and up? Selected Answer:

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the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities

Question 1 To parents of preschoolers, fine-motor progress is most apparent in __________ and __________. Selected Answer:

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social referencing.

the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities

Question 5 Which child would benefit most from warm, responsiv...