36 hormone actions Answer Key PDF

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Hormones and their actions, structures and answers...

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Real Anatomy Hormone Actions 1) List the principal actions of the hormones synthesized by the highlighted endocrine gland that are stored and released by the posterior pituitary. Oxytocin stimulates contractions during labor and milk ejection during lactation; antidiuretic hormone conserves body water by decreasing urine volume

2) List the principal actions of the major hormones produced by the anterior portion of the highlighted endocrine gland. Growth hormone promotes body growth and regulates various aspects of metabolism; thyroidstimulating hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones; folliclestimulating hormone in females initiates oocyte development and secretion of estrogens and in males stimulates sperm production; luteinizing hormone in females stimulates secretion of estrogens and progesterone and triggers ovulation and in males stimulates the testes to produce testosterone; prolactin promotes milk secretion by the mammary glands; adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex

3) List the principal action of the hormone produced by the highlighted endocrine gland. Melatonin contributes to the setting of the body’s biological clock

4) List the principal action of the hormones produced by the highlighted cells of the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones (thyroxine T4 and triiodothyronine T3) increase the rate of cellular metabolism

5) List the principal action of the hormone produced by the highlighted cells of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption by osteoclasts

6) List the principal action of the hormone produced by the highlighted cells of the parathyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone increases blood Ca2+ levels by stimulating bone resorption by osteoclasts, increasing reabsorption by the kidneys, and increasing absorption by the small intestine

7) List the principal actions of the hormones produced by the highlighted zone of the adrenal cortex. Mineralcorticoids, mainly aldosterone, increase blood levels of Na+ and water and decrease blood levels of K+

8) List the principal actions of the hormones produced by the highlighted zone of the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids, mainly cortisol, increase protein breakdown, stimulate gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, provide resistance to stress, decrease inflammation, and depress the immune system

9) List the principal action of the hormones produced by the highlighted innermost region of the adrenal gland. Epinephrine and norepinephrine produce effects that mimic those of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system during stress

10) List the principal actions of the major hormones produced by the highlighted endocrine gland. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by promoting uptake into cells and by converting glucose into glycogen; Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting breakdown of glycogen into glucose

11) List the principal actions of the major hormones produced by the highlighted endocrine glands. Estrogens and progesterone regulate the female reproductive cycle and oogenesis, maintain pregnancy, prepare the mammary glands for lactation, and promote development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics

12) List the principal actions of the major hormone produced by the highlighted endocrine gland. Testosterone stimulates descent of the testes before birth, regulates sperm production, and promotes development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics

13) List the principal actions of the hormone produced by the highlighted endocrine structure. Gastrin promotes secretion of gastric juice and increases movements of the stomach

14) List the principal actions of the hormones produced by the highlighted endocrine structures. Renin is part of a sequence of reactions that raises blood pressure; erythropoietin increases the rate of red blood cell formation; calcitriol aids in the absorption of dietary calcium and phosphorus

15) List the principal action of the hormone produced by the highlighted endocrine structure. Atrial natriuretic peptide decreases blood pressure...