4 Modalities - Lecture notes Module 4 PDF

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Module 4...

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4 Modalities: 1- Worship: Supplication: -Ask or beg. - Can include offerings - usually a hallmark of a monoatheism (Christianity, islam, Judaism) - Sometimes shows up in poly or pantheism -Worship of God or goddesses and gods -Flow of power at the top (God)/ Less power as you come down - An entire community is involved Worshipping is adoring and admiring / praising

2- Magical: -

Amoral – Doesn’t involve itself with anything to do with morality (good or bad) Impersonal Useful Actions, words and rituals cause change in this modality (study and learn actions) Things must be done correctly, and any error will cause everything to fail Knowledge of the symbolic meaning of things and their relationships Not hierarchal like worship It’s about compelling spirits and having decades of experience Use and manipulation of symbols Compels change

3- Shamanic -

Word comes from Tungas people (shaman) Cultural appropriation Anthropologists haven’t found a better word English healers (shamans) Not hierarchical Its about relationships and communications (with different things) Could be non-human / alive or not alive More personal Hallmark of small-scale societies

4- Possession -

Hierarchical kid of (spirit world and there’s a bunch of gods and goddesses) State of not mind Relationship between gods and goddesses or spirits and human beings...