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ZAPOSH CONSULTANCY AND SERVICES TO MAKE THE WORKPLACE SAFER, HEALTHIER AND MORE PRODUCTIVE

TOOLS & EQUIPMENT SAFETY

HAND TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SAFETY

• Objectives: - Recognize the hazards associated with the use of the different types of tools - Learn the safety precautions necessary to prevent injuries from hand tools. - Understand the various PPEs needed when using hand tools

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HAZARD RECOGNITION

• Tools are such a common part of our lives that we sometimes forget that they pose hazards. • All tools are manufactured with safety in mind but, unfortunately, serious accidents often occur before measures are taken to search out and avoid or eliminate toolrelated hazards.

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HAND AND POWER TOOL SAFETY

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HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH HAND AND PORTABLE POWER TOOLS

Electric shock Amputation

Puncture wounds Cuts and abrasions

Eye injuries Hearing loss

Contusions/crushing Burns

Third Party Accidents

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COMMON CAUSES OF INJURIES

Electric Shock Improper grounding (removing the ground prong from the plug)

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Not unplugging equipment when changing • accessories • Frayed cords • Pulling on the cord to unplug the equipment

St w es an e di t ng s in u w r at f er a or c

COMMON CAUSES OF INJURIES

Amputation, puncture wounds, cuts, abrasions, contusions and burns • Removal of guards

All moving parts of prime movers, transmission equipment and all dangerous parts of driven machinery shall be effectively guarded, unless so constructed or located to prevent any person or object from coming or brought into contact with them.

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COMMON CAUSES OF INJURIES

Amputation, puncture wounds, cuts, abrasions, contusions and burns • Removal of guards • Using damaged equipment • Improper use of equipment • Using the wrong tool 8

COMMON CAUSES OF INJURIES

Hearing loss and Eye injuries • Not wearing the correct personal protectiv equipment (PPE) such as ear plugs or muffs the ears and • safety glasses, goggles or face shields for th e eyes 9

FIVE BASIC RULES TO PREVENT INJURIES

Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance Use the right tool for the job Examine each tool for damage before use and do not use damaged tools Operate tools according to the manufacturers’ instructions Properly use the appropriate PPE 10

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Screwdrivers Hammers Punches

Axes Knives Box cutters

Handsaws Chisels

Wrenches Crowbars/pry bars Adjustable Wrench Pliers

Files Hand snips 12

ZAPOSH CONSULTANCY AND SERVI TO AKE THE WORKPLACE SAFER, HEALTHIER AND

HAND TOOLS SAFETY TIPS • Screwdrivers - It is essential that a screwdriver has the correct size to fit the slot of the screw. Screwdrivers should never be carried in the pockets coveralls or other clothing. It can produce a serious wound. • Hammers - Hammershead should be secured to wooden handlers with proper wedges. •

Chisels - Cutting edges should be kept sharp at all times, and the original shape and angle should be maintained.

of

ZAPOSH CONSULTANCY AND SERVI TO AKE THE WORKPLACE SAFER, and ShovelsA–Shovel blades should not be

4. Picks allowed to become blunt, turned, split or jagged. They should be maintained in a serviceable condition at all times.

5. Spanners and Wrenches - Only wrenches of the right size should be used. When possible, use box-end rather than adjustable wrenches. For heavy works,a slugging wrench should be used. 6. Pipe Wrenches - Pipe wrenches must be large enough for the job, the jaw, teeth must be kept clean and sharp and the knurl, pin and spring should be kept from damage.

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ZAPOSH CONSULTANCY AND SERVI TO AKE THE WORKPLACE SAFER, Pliers–APliers should only be used whenthere

are no other tools for the job. Theyare meant only for gripping and should not be used as a wrench. 8. Hacksaws - The correct size of blade should be selected, installed so that teeth are pointing in the forward direction with sufficient tension applied to the blade. 9. Handsaw - The teeth should be kept sharp, clean and properly set, and lightly oiled to avoid bending in the timber which caused the blade to buckle.

USING HAND TOOLS

Select and use the appropriate PPE (i.e.,safety glasses, leather gloves, steel toed shoes) Read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions • Create a safe work area by keeping people at a safe distance and removing objects that may get in the way •

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Use the tool as it is attended to be used ( don’t use a screwdriver as a punch, pry o wedge)

IN SUMMARY the contractor should observe the following:

1. Quality - the contractor shall ensure that the finest quality tools shall be provided for all jobs where hand tools are used.

2. Cleanliness - The contractor shall ensure that hand tools are regularly cleaned and where necessary, lightly oiled as a protection against corrosion.

3. Repair and Storage - All hand tools shall be regularly inspected before and after use, and before storage. Proper racks and boxes shall be provided for the storage of hand tools. 4. Selection - Majority of accidents are caused by using an incorrect tool for the job. It is essential that the correct type, size and weight of tool should be decided upon before any work is carried out.

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Power Tool Precautions • Power tools can be hazardous when improperly used. • Employees should be trained in the use of all tools - not just power tools. • We should understand the potential hazards as well as the safety precautions to prevent those hazards from occurring.

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CATEGORIES OF HAND POWER TOOLS

There are five primary groups of hand power tools based on their power source: Electric • • Pneumatic • Gasoline • Hydraulic • Powder-actuated or butane actuated 21

HAND POWER TOOLS

Electric: • Soldering irons • Circular saws • Drills • Grinders • Reciprocating saws • Sanders • Routers 22

Pneumatic impact tools or air-powered tools: • • • •

Grinders Nail guns Wrenches Hammers

HAND POWER TOOLS

EXAMPLES

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Hydraulic

Gasoline

Powder/Butane

Compression Devices Chain Saws

Trimmers Blowers

Nail Guns Stud drivers

TOOLS SELECTION

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• Select the right tool for the job • Consider the tools shape and size - the tool should be comfortable to hold • Do not select undersized tools for the job • Consider the quality of the tool including its sharpness for cutting • Select power tools designed to have minimal vibration • Select spark-resistant tools when working

a or explosive material r o u n d f l a m m a b l e s

TOOLS SELECTION

• Select power tools that provide guarding and other safety features such as an automatic shutoff, safety trigger, shield or kickback guard • Select electric power tools that are double insulated • Select insulated hand tools when working around electricity 25

• Select power tools that have quality markings

CARRYING OR TRANSPORTING TOOLS

• Use a tool box, tool-holder, belt or po u this will protect the person and the to • Carry pointed or sharp tools with the point or cutting edge away from the body • Do not carry tools by hand when using ladders • Do not lay tools down where people can trip on them or they can fall on someone 26

• Hand tools off, do not throw them

MAINTENANCE & REPAIR OF TOOLS

• Purchase tools of the best quality • Inspect tools for dull or damaged edges, and damaged handles or grips • Redress edges and tips of tools or bladesthis should only be done by qualified • personnel or the manufacturer • Replace damaged handles or grips 27

Ins pec t plu gs an d po we r cor

ds for damage

MAINTENANCE & REPAIR OF TOOLS

Inspect air or hydraulic hoses for leaks Clean tools with a recommended nonflammable and nontoxic solvent • Use air drying in place or blow dryingwith compressed air 28

USING HAND POWER TOOLS

Disconnect electric cords when working on or around electric appliances Use the correct size tool for the job (i.e. match the screwdriver with the screw head) • Pull wrenches and levers towards yourselfthis will provide better control 29

USING HAND POWER TOOLS

Select and use the appropriate PPE (i.e., safety glasses and ear plugs, steel toed shoes) • • 30

•

Read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions Create a safe work a rea by keeping people at a safe distance a d removing objects

that may get in the way Use the tool as it is attended to be used

USING HAND POWER TOOLS

Make sure the power cord is not in th path of blades or other cutting implements Avoid placing cords or hoses where they will be a tripping hazard • Never unplug a power tool with the switch in the on position 31

• Use a grou nd fault circ uit inter rupt ers

USING HAND POWER TOOLS

• Make sure guards are in place • Do not over extend the arm-this can cause a loss of balance or control of the power tool • Do not wear loose fitting cloths that can get caught in the power tool • Unplug the power cord when changing 32

accesso ries

USING HAND POWER TOOLS

• Never remove saws while blades are in motion • Do not place hands or fingers into the cutting area until the blade has stopped • Never carry a hand powered tool by the power cord 33

Pneumatic Tools Powered by compressed air Includes nailers, staplers, chippers, drills & sanders Main hazard - getting hit by a tool attachment or by a fastener the worker is using with the tool Take the same precautions with an air hose that you take

w i t h e l e c

tric cords

Nail Gun Cut-Away View

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Pneumatic Tools • Noise is another hazard. - Working with noisy tools such as jackhammers requires proper, effective use of hearing protection.

• When using pneumatic tools, employees must check to see that they are fastened securely to the hose to prevent them from becoming disconnected. •

- A short wire or positive locking device attaching the air hose to the tool will serve as an added safeguard.

A safety clip or retainer must be installed to prevent attachments, such as chisels on a chipping hammer, from being unintentionally shot from the barrel.

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Pneumatic Tools

• Screens must be set up to protect nearby workers from being struck by flying fragments around chippers, riveting guns, staplers, or air drills. • Compressed air guns should never be pointed toward anyone. Users should never "dead-end" it against themselves or anyone else.

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Pneumatic ToolSafety Place a safety device on the muzzle to prevent the tool from ejecting fasteners, unless the muzzle is in contact with work surface Install a safety clip or retainer to prevent attachments, such as chisels on a chipping hammer, from being ejected Wear eye protection. Wear hearing protection with

jackhammers.

Muzzle in with work surface

contact

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Pneumatic Tool Connections Hose clamp

Unacceptable

Acceptable

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Pneumatic Tools - Fastening

Ensure tool is fastened securely to the air hose to prevent a disconnection Use a short wire or positive locking device attaching the air hose to the tool

Wireused to secure hose

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Compressed Air Cleaning Don’t use compressed air for cleaning Exception where reduced to less than 30 p.s.i. with effective chip

guarding and PPE

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Liquid Fuel Tools Usually gas powered Main hazard - fuel vapors Use only approved flammable containers

liqui d

tool Before refilling a fuel- allo powered w tank, shut down the engine

and it to cool

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Powder-Actuated Tools

• Powder-actuated tools operate like a loaded gun and should be treated with the same respect and precautions. In fact, they are so dangerous that only specially trained employees must operate them. • Use of the powder actuated tool must be controlled and a procedure must be in place

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Powder-Actuated Tools User must be trained and licensed to operate Test tool each day before loading to ensure the safety devices are working properly Wear suitable ear, eye, and face protection Select a powder level that will do the work without

excessive force

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FatalFact Employee killed when struck in head by a nail fired from a powder actuated tool. Tool operator was attempting to anchor a plywood form in preparation for pouring a concrete wall

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Powder-Actuated Tools

• Safety precautions to remember include the following: - These tools should not be used in an explosive or flammable atmosphere. - Before using the tool, the worker should inspect it to determine that it is clean, that all moving parts operate freely, and that the barrel is free from obstructions. - The tool should never be pointed at anybody. - The tool should not be loaded unless it is to be used immediately. A loaded tool should not be left unattended, especially where it would be available to unauthorized persons.

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Easily Penetrated Material are backedby aisubstanceatthatlwilaprevent theapin or fastener frompassing through mate l

Also, don’t fasteners into veryhard or brittle material that chip or splatter, or make themfastteners ricochet

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rials

Powder-Actuated Tools • Hands should be kept clear of the barrel end. • To prevent the tool from firing accidentally, two separate motions are required for firing: - one to bring the tool into position, and - another to pull the trigger.

• The tools must not be able to operate until they are pressed against the work surface with a force of at least 5 pounds greater than the total weight of the tool. • If a powder-actuated tool misfires, – the employee should wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing it again. - If it still will not fire, the user should wait another 30 seconds so that the faulty cartridge is less likely to explode, than carefully remove the load. - The bad cartridge should be put in water.

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CARTRIDGE POWER TOOLS Cartridge operated tools have a great advantage since it can be used in almost any situation without inconvenience. However, its use shall conform to ANSI A10.3-1985and the manufacturer’s specs. 1. Storage Safe and secured storage for cartridges and tools must be provided on the job site. Warning signs where cartridges are stored: DANGER - NO SMOKING” shall be posted. Only authorized personnel are allowed in the store.

2. Selection and Trainingof Personnel No person may operate, clean, maintain or repair any cartridge tool without possessing a Certificate of Competency issued by an accredited tool vendor that identifies the particular model he is qualified to handle. Personnel for training should be: a. Over 18 years of age b. Physically fit and have full use of both hands and both eyes c. Ideally be a plumber, mason, electrician, etc. d. Store men if they are required to clean and maintain the tools

3. Issues and Returns a) Contractors shall ensure that register of the serial number of each tool is kept up-to-date. b) A log inventory system of issuing and returning cartridges and tools against signatures must be initiated and maintained. Only personnel in possession of a user Certificate will be c) allowed to withdraw tools and cartridges from the store. Only a minimum number of cartridges required for a shift’s d) operation should be issued at any one time. e) Cartridges must not be left on site at lunch break or at end of shift. It must be returned to the store for safekeeping. f) Any loss of tools or cartridges must be reported at once.

Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance Use the right tool for the job Examine each tool for damage before use and do not use damaged tools Operate tools according to the manufacturers’ instructions Properly use the appropriate PPE 51

I have a few Question…

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Hearing Loss Electric Shock Burns All of the above

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Removal of guards Using the wrong tool Not properly grounded or using a GFCI All of the above 54

Use the correct tools for the Use the appropriate PPE Follow the manufactures recommendations for use All of the above

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job

True False

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Made of metal Made of spark resistant material long Extra Both A and C are correct

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Be double insulated Carry the quality marksymbol Used in water Both A & B are correct

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They should be carried withsharp edges away from the body Placed in a tool box, belt or pouch Placed in pants pockets and Both A B are correct

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True False

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True False

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True False

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All the above

(D)

Both A and B (D)

All the above

(D)

Both A and B (D)

All the above

(D)

True (A) False (B)

False (B) Made of spark resistant materials (C)

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True (A)

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