7.3 Intro to Probability In class worksheet PDF

Preview

Summary

In class worksheet...

Description

Section 7.3 Introduction to Probability Definitions An experiment is repeatable activity with an observable result, e.g. flipping a coin 10 times. Each repetition of an experiment is called a trial. The results of each possible trial are called outcomes. The set of all possible outcomes of a trial is called a sample space. For example, if you flip a coin once the sample space is H , T  . Example: If two coins are flipped, write the sample space for the possible outcomes. An event is a subset of a sample spaces. Example: Two coins are flipped. Write the event that exactly one head is showing. Example: A fair 6-sided die is rolled once. Write the sample space and the following events  the number showing is odd  the number showing is a 1  the number showing is less than 4 Set operations for events Events are sets, so the same operations that were used for sets can be used on events. Here they are as well as their meanings:

Example: Describe in your own words the event E '  F ' Two events A and B are mutually exclusive if Example: Let S = {1,2,3,4,5,6} represents the sample space for rolling a die and recording the outcome. Name two events that are mutually exclusive.

Basic Probability Principle Let S be the sample space of equally likely outcomes, and let E be an event that is a subset of S. The probability that event E occurs is

Example: A fair 6-sided die is rolled once. What is the probability that  the number showing is even?  the number showing is less than 5?  the number is less than or equal to 6?  the number showing is 8?

Note: For all events E,

Example: A standard 52-card deck consists of 13 cards from each of 4 suits (spades, hearts, diamonds, clubs). The 13 cards have value 2 through 10, jack (J), queen (Q), king (K), or ace (A). A single card is chosen from the deck. What is the probability that  an ace is drawn  a heart is drawn  an ace or a heart is drawn...