A Text book on Nursing Management (According to Indian Nursing Council Syllabus) AUTHORS PDF

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PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch) A Text book on Nursing Management (According to Indian Nursing Council Syllabus) AUTHORS : Mr. Anoop.N Mr. Chetan Kumar.M.R Mr. Deepak.K Mr. Lingaraju.C.M Mr. Mithun Kumar.B.P Mr. Sarath Chandran.C PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, ...

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PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

A Text book on Nursing Management (According to Indian Nursing Council Syllabus) AUTHORS : Mr. Anoop.N Mr. Chetan Kumar.M.R Mr. Deepak.K Mr. Lingaraju.C.M Mr. Mithun Kumar.B.P Mr. Sarath Chandran.C

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Dedicated to all M.Sc. Nursing students From: M.Sc. (Nursing) II year Batch: 2009-2011

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Forward It gives me an immense happiness to forward this Text Book of Nursing Management written by budding authors Mr.Annop, Mr. Chetan.M.R, Mr. Deepak.K, Mr. Sarath Chandran, Mr.Mithun Kumar, Mr.Lingaraj.C.M, studying in Padmashree Institute of Nursing, Bangalore, Karnataka. This book is designed according to INC syllabus of M.Sc. Nursing. Each unit is described in detailed according to the updated with recent and advanced information on nursing management and administration. All the authors struggled a lot tirelessly round the clock for the birth of this successful text book. It is not an easy task to deliver such excellent knowledge information on nursing management topics. It is the effort, dedication and commitment of Mr.Deepak.K who was the backbone, pillars and implanted the seed to initiate, organized arrange systematically the flow contents of Mr.Anoop, Mr. Chetan Kumar. C.M, Mr.Sarath Chandran, Mr.Mithun Kumar, Mr.Lingaraj.C.M has joined their efforts with Mr.Deepak.K in delievering the sweet essence on the units they selected and written in simple language. I hope this book will be benefitted to Postgraduate nursing students to develop understanding and apply the nursing management services in clinical setting and educational institution too. I am sure that this book will be widely used and will make a worthy contribution to the nursing profession. I wish all the best for the authors for such a contribution in the field of nursing management.

Mr. Ellakuvana Bhaskara Raj.D Associate Professor HOD of Psychiatric Nursing Department Padmashree Institute of Nursing Kommagatta village, Bangalore-60

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Acknowledgement Service to mankind is service to GOD. We believe in invisible power which guided us throughout our success.

Thandhe, Tayee, Guru, Devaru. We are very much indebted to our lovable parents for their continuous guidance, support and encouragement for accomplishment of our dream, the release of this text book.

Guide us when we are in need, we extremely thankful to Asso. Prof. Ellakuvana Bhaskara Raj.D, for his encouragement, timely guidance, constant advice and support for successful completion of this book.

We also thank all PG faculties of Padmashree Institute of Nursing who guided, supported in all our endeavors. An evergreen unforgettable memory is friendship. We express our deep sense of gratitude and heartfelt thanks to all my classmates who are the main inspiration behind this book.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

UNIT I:  Philosophy, purpose, elements, principles and scope of Administration

 Indian Constitution, Indian Administrative system vis a vis health care delivery system: National, State and Local

Introduction

 Organization and functions of nursing services and education at National, State , District and institutions: Hospital and Community

 Planning process: Five year plans, Various Committee

Reports on health, State and National Health policies, national population policy, national policy on AYUSH and plans,

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

UNIT I: INTRODUCTION: ―Administer‖ derived from the Latin word ―ad + ministraire‖, - to care for or to look after people to manage affairs. Administration is the activities of groups co-operating to accomplish common goals. -Herbert A Simon Administration may be defined as the management of affairs with the use of well thought out principles and practices and rationalized techniques to achieve certain objectives. - Goel DEFINITION: ADMINISTRATION: ―Administration is the organization and direction of human and material resources to achieve desired ends‖ - Pfiffner and presthus Administration has to do with getting things done; with the accomplishment of defined objectives. - Luther Gullick MANAGEMENT: •

Management may be defined as the art of securing maximum results with a minimum of effort so as to secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public the best possible service. - John Mee

•

Management is distinct process consisting of planning, organising, actuating, activating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources. - George

Management and Administration: These two words are slightly similar and can employ interchangeable.  Management‘ refers to private sector. Whereas administration refers to public sector‖.  Management or Administration is the process for exceeding the goal expected." - Derek French and Heather Saward.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Difference between administration and management Basis of difference

Administration

Management

Nature of work

It is concerned about the determination of objectives and major policies of an organization

It puts into action the policies and plans laid down by the administration.

Type of function

It is a determinative function

It is an executive function

Scope

It takes major decisions of an enterprise as a whole

It takes decisions within the framework set by the administration.

Level of authority

It is a top-level activity.

It is a middle level activity

Nature of status

It consists of owners who invest capital in and receive profits from an enterprise.

It is a group of managerial personnel who use their specialized knowledge to fulfill the objectives of an enterprise

Nature of usage

It is popular with government, military, educational, and religious organizations. Its decisions are influenced by public opinion, government policies, social, and religious factors. Planning and organizing functions are involved in it. It needs administrative rather than technical abilities.

It is used in business enterprises.

Decision making

Main functions Abilities

Its decisions are influenced by the values, opinions, and beliefs of the managers. Motivating and controlling functions are involved in it. It requires technical activities

Managerial Concerns: Efficiency - ―Doing things right‖ Getting the most output for the least inputs Effectiveness - ―Doing the right things‖ Attaining organizational goals Efficiency and Effectiveness in management

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Managerial levels

Who are Managers? Someone who coordinates and overseas the work of other people so that organizational goals are accomplished. First-line Managers Individuals who manage the work of non-managerial employees. Middle Managers Individuals who manage the work of first-line managers. Top Managers Individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization. Functions: •

Planning - Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities.

•

Organizing - Arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals.

•

Leading - Working with and through people to accomplish goals.

•

Controlling - Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Role: •

Interpersonal roles - Figurehead, leader, liaison

•

Informational roles - Monitor, disseminator, Spokesperson

•

Decisional roles - Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator

Skills: •

Technical skills - Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field

•

Human skills - The ability to work well with other people

•

Conceptual skills - The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and complex situations concerning the organization

Skills Needed at Different Management Levels

Importance of management: The Value of Studying Management:  The universality of management  Good management is needed in all organizations.  The reality of work  Employees either manage or are managed.  Rewards and challenges of being a manager  Management offers challenging, exciting and creative opportunities for meaningful and fulfilling work.  Successful managers receive significant monetary rewards for their efforts.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Universal Need for Management

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

PHILOSOPHIES OF ADMINISTRATION Philosophy is based on the following key points: Administration believes in: •

Cost effectiveness

•

Execution and control of work plans

•

Delegation of responsibility

•

Human relations and good morale

•

Effective communication

•

Flexibility in certain situation

PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATION Meaning of management principles: Management principles are statements of fundamental truth which act as guidelines for taking managerial action. Management principles are derived and developed in the following two steps. (a) Deep Observations (b) Repeated experiments Henri Fayol (1841 - 1925): Graduated from the National School of Mines in Saint Etrenne in 1860 Fayol‟s 14 principles of management 1. Division of Work. Specialization allows the individual to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more productive. Small task, Competent, Specialization, Efficiency, Effectiveness

2. Principle of Authority and Responsibility Authority means power to take decisions. Responsibility means obligation to complete the job assigned

3. Principle of discipline: General rules and regulations for systematic working in an organization. 4. Principle of unity of command: Employee should receive orders from one boss only.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

5. Unity of direction: All the efforts of the members and employees of the organization must be directed to one direction that is the achievement of common goal. 6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest: Subordination of individual interest to general interest the interest of the organization must supersede the interest of the individuals. 7. Principle of remuneration of persons: Employees must be paid fairly or adequately to give them maximum satisfaction 8. Principle of centralization and decentralization: Centralization refers to concentration of power in few hands. Decentralization means evenly distribution of power at every level. 9. Principle of scalar chain: Means line of authority or chain of superiors from highest to lowest rank 10. Principle of Order: Principle of Order It refers to orderly arrangement of men and material a fixed place for everything and everyone in the organization 11. Principle of Equity: Principle of Equity Fair and just treatment to employees. 12. Stability of tenure of personnel: Stability of tenure of personnel No frequent termination or transfer. 13. Principle of Initiative: Principle of Initiative Employees must be given opportunity to take some initiative in making and executing a plan 14. Principle of Esprit De Corps: Principle of Esprit De Corps Means union is strength. PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATION

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

Fayol's definition of management roles and actions distinguishes between Five Elements:

Five Elements: management roles and actions •

Prevoyance. (Forecast & Plan)- Examining the future and drawing up a plan of action. The elements of strategy.

•

To organize - Build up the structure, both material and human, of the undertaking.

•

To command - Maintain the activity among the personnel.

•

To coordinate - Binding together, unifying and harmonizing all activity and effort.

•

To control -Seeing that everything occurs in conformity with established rule and expressed command.

ELEMENTS OF ADMINISTRATION: POSDCORB” • • • • • • •

Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Co-ordinating Reporting Budgeting

SCOPE OF ADMINISTRATION  Political: Functions of the administration includes the executive –legislative relationship.  Defensive: It covers the hospital protective functions.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

 Economic: Concerns with the vast area of the health care activities.  Educational: Its involves educational administration in its broadest senses.  Legislative: It includes most not mealy delegated legislation, but the preparatory work done by the administrative officials.  Financial: It includes the whole of financial, budget, inventory control managements.  Social: It includes the activities of the department s concerned with food, social factors.  Local: It concerned with the activities of the local bodies. INDIAN CONSTITUTION Introduction The majority of the Indian subcontinent was under British colonial rule from 1858 to 1947. This period saw the gradual rise of the Indian nationalist movement to gain independence from the foreign rule. The movement culminated in the formation of the on 15 August 1947, along with the Dominion of Pakistan. The constitution of India was adopted on 26 January 1950, which proclaimed India to be a sovereign democratic republic. Evolution of the Constitution Acts of British Parliament before 1935 After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Parliament took over the reign of India from the British East India Company, and British India came under the direct rule of the Crown. The British Parliament passed the Government of India Act of 1858 to this effect, which set up the structure of British government in India. Government of India Act 1935 The provisions of the Government of India Act of 1935, though never implemented fully, had a great impact on the constitution of India. The federal structure of government, provincial autonomy, bicameral legislature consisting of a federal assembly and a Council of States, separation of legislative powers between center and provinces are some of the provisions of the Act which are present in the Indian constitution. The Cabinet Mission Plan In 1946, at the initiative of British Prime Minister Clement Attlee, a cabinet mission to India was formulated to discuss and finalize plans for the transfer of power from the British Raj to Indian leadership and providing India with independence under Dominion status in the Commonwealth of Nations. The Mission discussed the framework of the constitution and laid

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch)

down in some detail the procedure to be followed by the constitution drafting body. Elections for the 296 seats assigned to the British Indian provinces were completed by August 1946. The Constituent Assembly first met and began work on 9 December 1946. Indian Independence Act 1947 The Indian Independence Act, which came into force on 18 July 1947, divided the British Indian territory into two new states of India and Pakistan, which were to be dominions under the Commonwealth of Nations until their constitutions were in effect. Constituent Assembly The Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, which was elected by the elected members of the provincial assemblies. Jawaharlal Nehru, C. Rajagopalachari, Rajendra Prasad, SardarVallabhbhai Patel, MaulanaAbulKalam Azad, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee and NaliniRanjanGhosh were some important figures in the Assembly. In the 14 August 1947 meeting of the Assembly, a proposal for forming various committees was presented. Such committees included a Committee on Fundamental Rights, the Union Powers Committee and Union Constitution Committee. On 29 August 1947, the Drafting Committee was appointed, with DrAmbedkar as the Chairman along with six other members. A Draft Constitution was prepared by the committee and submitted to the Assembly on 4 November 1947. Parts Parts are the individual chapters in the Constitution, focused in single broad field of laws, containing articles that address the issues in question.

Preamble 

Part I - Union and its Territory



Part II - Citizenship.



Part III- Fundamental Rights

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Part IV - Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties.

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Part V- The Union.



Part VI- The States.

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Part XII - Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits

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Part XIII - Trade and Commerce within the territory of India

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Part XIV - Services Under the Union, the States and Tribunals



Part XV - Elections



Part XVI - Special Provisions Relating to certain Classes.

PREPARED BY: ANOOP, CHETAN, DEEPAK, LINGARAJ, SARATH CHANDRAN, MITHUN

PADMASHREE INSTITUTE OF NURSING. M.Sc. Nursing II years (2009-2011 batch) 

Part VII - States in the B part of the First schedule (Repealed).



Part VIII - The Union Territories



Part IX - Panchayat system and Municipalities.



Part X - The scheduled and Tribal Areas



Part XI - Relations between the Union and the States.

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Part XVII - Languages

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Part XVIII - Emergency Provisions



...