ALCOHOL, PHENOLS, THIOLS, ETHERS PDF

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Summary

Alcohols are readily differentiated from phenols using this test. Addition of a drop or two of ferric chloride solution to a sample of phenol (3-4 drops) will produce a distinct violet/purple coloration. Alcohols do not produce such deep coloration when treated with ferric chloride solution....

Description

1. Which of the reactions shown correctly depicts a dehydration reaction? A B C D

2. Common name of the compound shown

3. 4. 5. 6.

Compounds with three hydroxyl groups called _____. TRIOLS _______ contain a sulfhydryl group bonded to a carbon. THIOLS General representation of a thiol? R-SH _______ contain a sulfhydryl group (SH) bonded to a carbon. THIOLS

7. Select the IUPAC name of the ff molecule 4-Methyl-3-hexanethiol

8. Oxidation reactions, including those involving thiols, can be identified from the loss of a(n) _____ from a molecule HYDROGEN ATOM 9. Which of the ff statements describe an ether? An organic compound that has 2 carbon groups bonded to an oxygen atom. 10. ______ have 2 carbon grps bonded to an oxygen atom. ETHERS 11. T OR F: Ethers can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with each other. FALSE 12. Select the IUPAC name of the compound shown. a. b. c. d.

Octyl propyl ether 3-Propoxyoctane Propyl octyl ether 6-Propocyoctane

13. Which statement about boiling points and intermolecular forces is correct? The intermolecular forces between ethers are stronger than the intermolecular forces between hydrocarbons. 14. How are ethers prepared? Condensation of 2 alcohols 15. Which of the following are steps involved in assigning a name to an alkyl ether using the IUPAC naming system? a. The shorter chain is named as an alkoxy group. b. The longer chain is named as an alkane. c. The word ether is added to the end of the name. 16. Match the term with the correct definition. a. Oxidation – Loss of electrons b. Reduction – Gain of electrons 17. –

18. Compounds with two hydroxyl groups called ______. DIOLS 19. Classify each of the alcohols shown as primary, secondary or tertiary.

A – tertiary B – Primary C – Secondary

20. Which of the following are correct statements involing the oxidation of alcohols? a. All products from the oxidation of an alcohol contain a carbonyl group. b. A C-H bond on the carbinol carbon is replaced by C-O bond(s). c. Alcohols can be oxidized into a variety of compounds depending on the type of alcohol and the oxidizing agent. d. Oxidation reactions coincide with the elimination of a molecule of water.

21. In an alcohol, the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon known as the _________ carbon. CARBINOL 22. The C-O-H bond angle of an alcohol is most similar to the bond angle in _____. WATER 23. Which of the following are applications of phenols? Heating Fuels Flavorings Preservatives Germicides Fragrances 24. Identify the common name for each of the alcohols shown.

A – Isopropyl alcohol B – Butyl alcohol C – Cyclobutyl alcohol

25. Which of the compounds shown is formed upon oxidation of 1-propanol with K2 Cr2 O7 in dilute sulfuric acid? D

26. Identify the major and minor product formed from the dehydration of 1-methylcyclopentanol. A – major product – forms the carbon-carbon double bond with the carbon containing the more alkyl groups. B – minor product

27. –

28. Which of the reactions shown correctly depicts an oxidation reaction? Reaction B

29. _______ have three alkyl groups bonded to the carbinol carbon. a. Tertiary alcohols b. Secondary alcohols c. Primary alcohols 30. Phenols are _____ compounds because of the hydroxyl group, and simple phenols are ______ in water. a. Polar; slightly soluble b. Nonpolar; slightly soluble c. Nonpolar; insoluble d. Polar; insoluble 31. Which of the compounds shown would have the highest boiling point? C

32. _____ have one alkyl group on the carbinol carbon. a. Secondary alcohols b. Primary alcohols c. Tertiary alcohols 33. Which of the alcohols shown are secondary alcohols? A B C

D

34. Which of the following statements best describes Zaitsev’s rule? a. The major product in an elimination is the more highly substituted alkene. b. The major product in an elimination reaction is the alkene that has the fewest alkyl groups bonded to it. c. Zaitsev’s rule is the same as Markovnikov’s rule. 35. Which statements describes why tertiary alcohols are not oxidized under typical oxidation conditions? a. The carbon atom in a tertiary alcohol has three covalent bonds. b. The -OH group in a tertiary alcohol is located at the end of the carbon chain. c. The carbinol carbon does not contain a hydrogen atom that can be lost. 36. Identify which factor(s) affect the solubility of alcohols in water. a. The number of -OH groups present in the molecule. b. The number of carbon atoms present in the molecule. c. The ability to form an alkene upon dehydration and production of H20.

37. Select the correct IUPAC name for the alcohol shown. a. 4-methyl-2-methyl-3-hexanol b. 2-methyl-4-ethyl-3-hexanol c. 3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-hexanol d. 5-methyl-3-methyl-4hexanol

38. Select the correct IUPAC name for the alcohol shown. a. 3-methylcyclopropanol b. 2-Methylcyclopentanol c. 4-Methylcyclopentanol d. 3-Methylcyclopentanol

39. How is the parent chain of an alcohol correctly numbered?

a. The chain is numbered to give the lowest number to the substituent that comes first alphabetically. b. The chain is numbered to give the carbon atom bonded to the -OH group the lowest number. c. The chain is numbered to give the lowest possible number to the first substituent.

40. What statement correctly describes the preparation of alcohol? a. The hydrogenation of a carbon-carbon double bond produces an alcohol. b. Alcohols can be prepared by the oxidation of aldehydes and ketones. c. Addition of a water molecule to a carbon-carbon double bond of an alkene produces an alcohol. d. When an aldehyde or ketone losses hydrogen atoms, an alcohol is formed. 41. Which of the following statements describes the use of diethyl ether as an anesthetic? a. Diethyl ether targets the CNS. b. Diethyl ether is inflammable and safe to store and handle. c. Diethyl ether acts to interfere with nerve impulse transmissions. d. Diethyl ether was the first general anesthetic used.

42. Which of the following are halogenated ethers that are routinely used as anesthetics? a. Dimethyl ether b. Sevoflurane c. Diethyl ether d. Desflurane e. Isoflurane

43. What alcohol is needed to synthesize dipropyl ether in a condensation reaction?

44. The major product formed from the dehydration of 2-methylcyclopentanol is ________. a. 1-methylcyclopentene b. 3-methylcyclopentene c. 2-methylcyclopentene

45. Ethanol is metabolized to an aldehyde by the ________. a. Kidneys b. Small intestines c. Liver d. Pancreas e. stomach

46. Which alcohol is present in alcoholic beverages? a. Ethanol b. 1,2-Ethanediol c. Methanol d. Isopropanol

47. Select the statements that correctly describe the role of disulfide bonds in structure of insulin. a. A disulfide bond with the same insulin chain creates a loop in the protein. b. The disulfide linkages in the protein insulin contribute to the shape of the protein. c. The disulfide linkages do not contribute to the function of the insulin protein.

48. Which of the following describes the oxidation of secondary alcohols? a. Secondary alcohols are oxidized to form aldehydes. b. Secondary alcohols do not undergo oxidation reactions. c. Secondary alcohols are oxidized to form ketones. d. Secondary alcohols form alkenes upon oxidation.

49. Which of the following describes the dehydration of an alcohol? a. Dehydration is an addition reaction in which a carbon-carbon double bond is added to the product. b. Dehydration is an elimination reaction where H20 is removed from a starting material. c. Dehydration results is an increase in the number of C-O bonds and a decrease in the number of C-H bonds. d. Dehydration is a substitution reaction in which a hydrogen atom is removed from the starting material and replaced with an -OH group. 50. Which of the following alcohols is known as rubbing alcohol? a. 2- Propanol b. Methanol c. Ethanol 51. T OR F: Large biological molecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, are held together by a large network of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. TRUE 52. The common name of ______ is ethylene glycol. a. methanol b. 2-propanol c. ethanol d. 1,2-ethanediol 53. Which alcohol is often called wood alcohol because it can be made by heating wood in the absence of air? a. Ethanol b. Isopropanol c. 1,2-Ethanediol d. Methanol

54. The polarity of an alcohol results from the polarity of the ______ bond and the shape of the functional group. a. oxygen – hydrogen b. carbon – hydrogen c. carbon- carbon 55. Which of the following is the most obvious property of thiols? a. Thiols have a distinctive foul of odor. b. Thiols are highly flammable. c. Thiols have a sweet taste. d. Thiols have a density greater than water. 56. The common name of ______ is glycerol. a. b. c. d.

Ethanol 1,2-ethanediol Methanol 1,2,3-propanetriol

57. Identify the product(s) formed upon oxidation of ethanol with K2 Cr2 07 in dilute sulfuric acid. A & D...